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| 1 | Development of minimally invasive techniques for management of medically-complicated obesity显示文摘The field of bariatric surgery has been rapidly growing and evolving over the past several decades. During the period that obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, new interventions have been developed to combat this complex disorder. The development of new laparoscopic and minimally invasive treatments for medically-complicated obesity has made it essential that gastrointestinal physicians obtain a thorough understanding of past developments and possible future directions in bariatrics. New laparoscopic advancements provide patients and practitioners with a variety of options that have an improved safety profile and better efficacy without open, invasive surgery. The mechanisms of weight loss after bariatric surgery are complex and may in part be related to altered release of regulatory peptide hormones from the gut. Endoscopic techniques designed to mimic the effects of bariatric surgery and endolumenal inter-ventions performed entirely through the gastrointestinal tract offer potential advantages. Several of these new techniques have demonstrated promising, preliminary results. We outline herein historical and current trends in the development of bariatric surgery and its transition to safer and more minimally invasive procedures designed to induce weight loss. | Farzin Rashti Ekta Gupta Suzan Ebrahimi Timothy R Shope Timothy R Koch Christopher J Gostout | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，37： | 4 |
| 2 | Dysphagia after vertical sleeve gastrectomy: Evaluation of risk factors and assessment of endoscopic intervention显示文摘AIM To evaluate the risks of medical conditions, evaluate gastric sleeve narrowing, and assess hydrostatic balloon dilatation to treat dysphagia after vertical sleeve gastrectomy(VSG).METHODS VSG is being performed more frequently worldwide as a treatment for medically-complicated obesity, and dysphagia is common post-operatively. We hypothesize that post-operative dysphagia is related to underlying medical conditions or narrowing of the gastric sleeve. This is a retrospective, single institution study of consecutive patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy from 2013 to 2015. Patients with previous bariatric procedures were excluded. Narrowing of a gastric sleeve includes: inability to pass a 9.6 mm gastroscope due to stenosis or sharp angulation or spiral hindering its passage.RESULTS Of 400 consecutive patients, 352 are included; the prevalence of dysphagia is 22.7%; 33 patients(9.3%) have narrowing of the sleeve with 25(7.1%) having sharp angulation or a spiral while 8(2.3%) have a stenosis. All 33 patients underwent balloon dilatation of the gastric sleeve and dysphagia resolved in 13 patients(39%); 10 patients(30%) noted resolution of dysphagia after two additional dilatations. In a multivariate model, medical conditions associated with post-operative dysphagia include diabetes mellitus, symptoms of esophageal reflux, a low whole blood thiamine level, hypothyroidism, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and use of opioids.CONCLUSION Narrowing of the gastric sleeve and gastric sleeve stenosis are common after VSG. Endoscopic balloon dilatations of the gastric sleeve resolves dysphagia in 69% of patients. | Anand Nath Sayali Yewale Tung Tran John S Brebbia Timothy R Shope Timothy R Koch | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，47： | 3 |
| 3 | Organization of future training in bariatric gastroenterology显示文摘A world-wide rise in the prevalence of obesity continues. This rise increases the occurrence of, risks of, and costs of treating obesity-related medical conditions. Diet and activity programs are largely inadequate for the long-term treatment of medically-complicated obesity. Physicians who deliver gastrointestinal care after completing traditional training programs, including gastroenterologists and general surgeons, are not uniformly trained in or familiar with available bariatric care. It is certain that gastrointestinal physicians will incorporate new endoscopic methods into their practice for the treatment of individuals with medically-complicated obesity, although the longterm impact of these endoscopic techniques remains under investigation. It is presently unclear whether gastrointestinal physicians will be able to provide or coordinate important allied services in bariatric surgery, endocrinology, nutrition, psychological evaluation and support, and social work. Obtaining longitudinal results examining the effectiveness of this ad hoc approach will likely be difficult, based on prior experience with other endoscopic measures, such as the adenoma detection rates from screening colonoscopy. As a longterm approach, development of a specific curriculum incorporating one year of subspecialty training in bariatrics to the present training of gastrointestinal fellows needs to be reconsidered. This approach should be facilitated by gastrointestinal trainees' prior residency training in subspecialties that provide care for individuals with medical complications of obesity, including endocrinology, cardiology, nephrology, and neurology. Such training could incorporate additional rotations with collaborating providers in bariatric surgery, nutrition, and psychiatry. Since such training would be provided in accredited programs, longitudinal studies could be developed to examine the potential impact on accepted measures of care, such as complication rates, outcomes, and costs, in individuals with medically-complicated obesity. | Timothy R Koch Timothy R Shope Christopher J Gostout | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，35： | 2 |
| 4 | Current and future impact of clinical gastrointestinal research on patient care in diabetes mellitus显示文摘The worldwide rise in the prevalence of obesity supports the need for an increased interaction between ongoing clinical research in the allied fields of gastrointestinal medicine/surgery and diabetes mellitus. There have been a number of clinically-relevant advances in diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome emanating from gastroenterological research. Gastric emptying is a significant factor in the development of upper gastrointestinal symptoms. However, it is not the only mechanism whereby such symptoms occur in patients with diabetes. Disorders of intrinsic pacing are involved in the control of stomach motility in patients with gastroparesis; on the other hand, there is limited impact of glycemic control on gastric emptying in patients with established diabetic gastroparesis. Upper gastrointestinal functions related to emptying and satiations are significantly associated with weight gain in obesity. Medications used in the treatment of diabetes or metabolic syndrome, particularly those related to pancreatic hormones and incretins affect upper gastrointestinal tract function and reduce hyperglycemia and facilitate weight loss. The degree of gastric emptying delay is significantly correlated with the weight loss in response to liraglutide, a glucagonlike peptide-1 analog. Network meta-analysis shows that liraglutide is one of the two most efficacious medical treatments of obesity, the other being the combination treatment phentermine-topiramate. Interventional therapies for the joint management of obesity and diabetes mellitus include newer endoscopic procedures, which require long-term follow-up and bariatric surgical procedure for which long-term follow up shows advantages for individuals with diabetes. Newer bariatric procedures are presently undergoing clinical evaluation. On the horizon, combination therapies, in part directed at gastrointestinal functions, appear promising for these indications. Ongoing and future gastroenterological research when translated to care of individuals with diabetes mellitus should provide additional options to improve their clinical outcomes. | Timothy R Koch Timothy R Shope Michael Camilleri | 2018 | World Journal of Diabetes2018，9，11： | 2 |
| 5 | MULTICENTER TRIAL OF TOWNE STRAIN ATTENUATED VIRUS VACCINE IN SERONEGATIVE RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS显示文摘 | Stanley A. Plotkin Robert Higgins John B. Kurtz Peter J. Morris Darrell A. Campbell Thomas C. Shope Stephen A. Spector Wayne M. Dankner | 1994 | Transplantation1994，，11： | 1 |
| 6 | Characterization of a highly attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus generated from molecularly cloned cDNA 显示文摘 | Sumiyoshi H Tignor GH Shope RE | 1995 | J lnfec Dis1995，171，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Swine influenza:Filtration experiments and etiology显示文摘 | SHOPE R E | 1931 | J Exp Med1931，54，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Study of Neurovirulence Locus of Japanese Encephalitis Virus 显示文摘 | Walton E M Shope R E Blsnk F L | 1996 | Ⅺ Ⅴth International Congress for Trapical Medicine and Malaria1996，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Adolescent antecedents of high-risk driving behavior into young adulthood: substance use and parental influences显示文摘 | Shope JT Waller PF Raghunathan TE | 2001 | Accid Anal Prev2001，33，： | 1 |
| 10 | Infectious papillomatosis of rabbits: with a note on the histopathology 显示文摘 | Shope RE Hurst EW | 1953 | J Exp Med1953，58，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Mapping the site of interaction between murine IgE and its high affinity receptor with chimeric Ig显示文摘 | Weetall M Shopes B Holowka D | 1990 | J Immunol1990，145，6： | 1 |
| 12 | The etiology of swine influenza显示文摘 | Shope RE | 1931 | Science1931，73，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Characterizationn of a highly attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus generated from a molecularly cloned cDNA 显示文摘 | Sumiyoshi H Tignor G H Shope R E | 1995 | Journal of Infectious Diseases1995，171，： | 1 |
| 14 | Infectious papillomatosis of rabbits: with a note on the histopathology 显示文摘 | Shope R E Hurst E W | 1933 | J Exp Med1933，58，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Fatal lumbar puncture:fact versus fiction--an approach to a clinical dilemma显示文摘 | Oliver WJ Shope TC Kuhns LR | 2003 | Pediatrics2003，112，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Character- ization of a highly attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus generated from molecularly cloned CDNA 显示文摘 | Sumiyoshi H Tignor G H Shope R E | 1995 | J Infect Dis1995，171，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Applications of coilgun electromagneticpropulsion technology显示文摘 | Kaye R J Tuman B N Shope S L | 2002 | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics2002，38，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The Etiology of Swine Influenza显示文摘 | Shope RE | 1931 | Science1931，73，1886： | 1 |
| 19 | Pretransplant varicella vaccination is cost - effective in pediatric renal transplantation显示文摘 | Olson A D Shope T C Flynn J T | 2001 | Pediatr Transplant2001，5，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Radiation-induced skin injuries from fluoroscopy显示文摘 | SHOPE T B | 1996 | Radiographics1996，16，5： | 1 |
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