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1英国胃肠病学会关于胃癌风险患者的诊断和管理指南显示文摘胃癌预后较差,部分原因在于诊断较晚。胃癌的危险因素包括幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori,HP)感染和胃癌家族史,尤其是遗传性弥漫性胃癌和恶性贫血。胃癌发展的阶段包括慢性胃炎、胃黏膜萎缩(GA)、胃黏膜肠化生(GIM)和异型增生。胃癌早期发现和提高生存率的关键是在内镜检查前以非侵入性方式识别高危人群。然而,尽管生物标志物可能有助于检测慢性萎缩性胃炎,但尚无足够的证据支持其用于人群筛查。高质量内镜检查是胃癌早期发现的重要组成部分,图像增强内镜结合组织病理学活检是GA和GIM最佳的诊断方法,并能准确进行风险分层。按照悉尼标准从胃窦、角切迹、小弯和大弯进行活检,既能明确诊断,也能对胃癌进行风险分层。理想状态应当是在高质量内镜检查中对GA或GIM区域活检。英国属于低危地区,可根据需要接受常规诊断性胃镜检查,但没有足够证据支持筛查,对于广泛GA或GIM的患者,每3年检查内镜。对于胃异型增生和早期癌,只要满足标准,内镜下黏膜切除术或内镜黏膜下剥离术的治疗有效,成功率高,复发率低。Matthew Banks David Graham Marnix Jansen TakujiGotoda Sergio Coda Massimiliano di Pietro NoriyaUedo Pradeep Bhandari D Mark Pritchard Ernst J Kuipers Manuel Rodriguez-Justo Marco R Novelli KrishRagunath Neil Shepherd Mario Dinis-Ribeiro 乌雅罕(译) 张冬雪(译) 牛占岳(校) 刘鑫(校) 丁士刚(译/校) 2020中华胃肠内镜电子杂志2020,7,2:10
2An IL 7- dependent rebound in thymic T cell output contributes to the bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency显示文摘Ryan MR Shepherd R Leavey JK 2005Proc Natl AeadSci USA2005,102,16:1
3Psychological distress in patients attending an oncology clinic after definitive treatment for maxillofacial malignant neoplasia显示文摘Telfer M R Shepherd J P 1993Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg1993,22,2:1
4Effects of Exercise and Training on Natural Killer Cell Counts and Cytolytic Activity:A Metaanalysis显示文摘SHEPHERD R J SHEK P N 1999Sports Med1999,28,3:1
5Genetic mapping of monoterpene composition in an interspecific eucalypt hybrid显示文摘Shepherd M Chaparro J X Teasdale R 1999Theor Appl Genet1999,99,:1
6Bluetooth wireless technology ira the home显示文摘SHEPHERD R 2011Electron- ics Communication Engineering Journal2011,13,5:1
7Glucose transporters and insulin action 显示文摘SHEPHERD P R KAHN B B 1999N Engl J Med1999,341,4:1
8Prospective randomized trial of docetaxel versus best supportive care in patients with non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy 显示文摘Shepherd FA Dancey J Ramlau R 2000J Clin Oncol2000,18,10:1
9Dairy glycoconjugate emulsifiers : casein-maltodextrins 显示文摘Shepherd R Robertson A Ofman D 2000Food Hydrocolloids2000,14,:1
10Phylloplanins of tobacco are defensive proteins deployed on aerial surfaces by short glandular trichomes显示文摘Shepherd R W Bass W T Houtz R L 2005Plant Cell2005,17,:1
11Genetically modi- fied food in the news: media representations of the GM debate in the UK 显示文摘AUGOUSTINOS M CRABB S SHEPHERD R 2010Public Understanding of Science2010,,19:1
12Prospective random-ized trial of docetaxel versus best supportive care in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy显示文摘Shepherd FA Dancey J Ramlau R 2000Clin Oncol2000,18,10:1
13显示文摘 Kane C Shepherd R 1997N Engl J Med1997,336,:1
14The influence of gemcitabine and cisplatin schedule on response and survival in advanced non- small cell lung cancer显示文摘Shepherd FA Abrstt R Crino L 2000Lung Cancer2000,30,:1
15Rare element and isotopic geochemistry of the North Pennine ore deposits显示文摘Shepherd T J Darbyshire D P F Moore G R 1982Bulletin Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres1982,11,:1
16New relationships be- tween breast microealcifications and eancer显示文摘Baker R Rogers K D Shepherd N 2010Br J Cancer2010,103,7:1
17Genetic engineering and food: What determines consumer acceptance? 显示文摘Frewer L Howard C Shepherd R 1995British Food Journal1995,97,8:1
18A simple-physical model of vegetation reflectance for standardizing optical satellite imagery显示文摘Dymond J R Shepherd J D 2001Remote Sensing of Environment2001,,77:1
19Production of multiple wheat-rye 1RS translocation stocks and genetic analysis of LMW subunits of glutenin in wheats using these stocks显示文摘Gupta R B Shepherd K W 1993Theoretical and Applied Genetics1993,85,:1
20Prospective randomized trial of docetaxel versus best supportive cave in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy显示文摘Shepherd FA Dancey J Ramlau R 2000J Clin Oncol2000,18,10:1
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