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| 1 | The influence of graded levels of available phosphorus on growth performance,muscle antioxidant and flesh quality of young grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)显示文摘Growth, muscle composition, meat quality characteristics and antioxidant capacity in muscle of young grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)(initial weight 282.9 ± 3.3 g) fed graded levels of phosphorus(1.0,2.5, 3.8, 5.6, 7.8 and 9.5 g/kg diet) for 8 wk were investigated. Results indicated that percentage weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were improved with optimal phosphorus supplementations(P < 0.05). Muscle protein content and water holding capacity were significantly elevated, while moisture, lipid and ash contents were significantly decreased with dietary phosphorus to a certain level(P < 0.05). The meat shear force value and hydroxyproline content were not influenced by different levels of phosphorus. Muscle anti-hydroxyl radical, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase activities and glutathione content were significantly improved(P < 0.05). Conversely, anti-superoxide anion, glutathione reducase and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased(P < 0.05) with dietary phosphorus to a certain level. These results indicated that suitable dietary phosphorus improved growth performance, meat quality and muscle antioxidant capacity. Dietary available phosphorus requirement of young grass carp for percentage weight gain was4.0 g/kg diet. | Jing Wen Weidan Jiang Lin Feng Shengyao Kuang Jun Jiang Ling Tang Xiaoqiu Zhou Yang Liu | 2015 | Animal Nutrition2015，，2： | 8 |
| 2 | Numerical simulation of tetrahedral particle mixing and motion in rotating drums显示文摘 | Nan Gui Xingtuan Yang Jiyuan Tu Shengyao Jiang | 2018 | Particuology2018，16，4： | 5 |
| 3 | The relationship between dietary methionine and growth,digestion,absorption,and antioxidant status in intestinal and hepatopancreatic tissues of sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)显示文摘Background: Methionine is an essential amino acid for fish. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary methionine on growth performance, digestive and absorptive ability, as well as antioxidant capacity in the intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Results: Dietary methionine deficiency significantly decreased percentage weight gain(PWG), feed intake, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio, as well as activities of hepatopancreatic glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and muscle glutamate-pyruvate transaminase in sub-adult grass carp(P < 0.05). Furthermore, methionine deficiency significantly reduced activities of trypsin, lipase and amylase in the intestine, Na^+/K^+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in three intestinal segments, and creatine kinase(CK) in the proximal intestine(P < 0.05). However, an unexplained and significant increase in CK activity in the mid intestine was associated with dietary methionine deficiency. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in the intestine and hepatopancreas were significantly increased by methionine deficiency(P < 0.05), whereas anti-hydroxyl radical capacity in the hepatopancreas and intestine, and anti-superoxide anion capacity in the intestine, were significantly decreased by methionine deficiency(P < 0.05). Moreover, methionine deficiency significantly decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities, glutathione contents in the hepatopancreas and intestine, as well as glutathione peroxidase activity in the intestine(P < 0.05), whereas it significantly increased activities of catalase in the hepatopancreas and glutathione-S-transferase in the hepatopancreas and intestine(P < 0.05).(Continued on next page)(Continued from previous page)Conclusions: The present results demonstrated that dietary methionine deficiency induced poor growth, and decreased digestive and absorptive function and antioxidant capacity in the hepatopancreas and intestine of sub-adult grass carp. Methionine requirements for sub-adult grass carp(450-1, 170 g) based on PWG, intestinal trypsin, and hepatopancreatic anti-hydroxyl radical activities were estimated to be 6.12 g/kg diet(21.80 g/kg protein),6.99 g/kg diet(24.90 g/kg protein) and 5.42 g/kg diet(19.31 g/kg protein), respectively, in the presence of 1.50 g cysteine/kg(5.35 g/kg protein). | Pei Wu Ling Tang Weidan Jiang Kai Hu Yang Liu Jun Jiang Shengyao Kuang ling tang Wuneng Tang Yongan Zhang Xiaoqiu Zhou Lin Feng | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，4： | 4 |
| 4 | Growth,digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp Ctenopharyngodonidella fed graded levels of dietary threonine显示文摘Background:This study was carried out to investigate effects of threonine levels on growth,digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodonidella).Results:Weight gain,specific growth rate,feed intake and feed efficiency were significantly improved by dietary threonine(P<0.05).Intestinal activities of trypsin,chymotrypsin,alpha-amylase,lipase,alkaline phosphatase,y-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase took the similar trends.Contents of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in intestine and hepatopancreas were significantly decreased by dietary optimal threonine supplementation(P<0.05).Anti-superoxide anion capacity,anti-hydroxyl radical capacity,glutathione content and activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione-S-transferase in intestine and hepatopancreas were enhanced by dietary threonine(P< 0.05).Conclusions:Dietary threonine could improve growth,enhance digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp.The dietary threonine requirement of sub-adult grass carp(441.9-1,013.4 g) based on weight gain was 11.6 g/kg diet or 41.5 g/kg of dietary protein by quadratic regression analysis. | Yang Hong Weidan Jiang Shengyao Kuang Kai Hu Ling Tang Yang Liu Jun Jiang Yongan Zhang Xiaoqiu Zhou Lin Feng | 2015 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2015，6，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Two-dimensional numerical simulation of hydrodynamic behaviors of drop covered with vapor film显示文摘The breakup of drop covered with vapor film is numerically simulated. The moving particle semi-implicit method is used to solve the 2-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations for drop, vapor and ambient fluid. The results show that vapor film suppresses the drop breakup and hence the critical Weber number increases with the increasing thickness of vapor film. The breakup process can be divided into two stages. The drop deformation and breakup mainly occur in the later stage. Three breakup mechanisms are unveiled, which are almost the same as that of drop breakup without vapor film except for the stronger Rayleigh-Taylor instability for drop with vapor film. Our simulation results are comparable with the previous experiments. | DUAN Riqiang, JIANG Shengyao, ZHANG Youjie, JIA Haijun & YANG Xingtuan Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety, Key Laboratory of MOE of China, Beijing 102201, China | 2005 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2005，48，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Dietary protein levels changed the hardness of muscle by acting on muscle fiber growth and the metabolism of collagen in sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)显示文摘Background:Nutrient regulation has been proven to be an effective way to improve the flesh quality in fish.As a necessary nutrient for fish growth,protein accounts for the highest proportion in the fish diet and is expensive.Although our team found that the effect of protein on the muscle hardness of grass carp was probably related to an increased collagen content,the mechanism for this effect has not been deeply explored.Moreover,few studies have explored the protein requirements of sub-adult grass crap(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Therefore,the effects of different dietary protein levels on the growth performance,nutritional value,muscle hardness,muscle fiber growth,collagen metabolism and related molecule expression in grass carp were investigated.Methods:A total of 450 healthy grass carp(721.16±1.98 g)were selected and assigned randomly to six experimen-tal groups with three replicates each(n=25/replicate),and were fed six diets with 15.91%,19.39%,22.10%,25.59%,28.53%and 31.42%protein for 60 d.Results:Appropriate levels of dietary protein increased the feed intake,percentage weight gain,specific growth rate,body composition,unsaturated fatty acid content in muscle,partial free amino acid content in muscle,and muscle hardness of grass carp.These protein levels also increased the muscle fiber density,the frequency of new muscle fibers,the contents of collagen and IGF-1,and the enzyme activities of prolyl 4-hydroxylases and lysyloxidase,and decreased the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2.At the molecular level,the optimal dietary protein increased col-lagen type Iα1(Colα1),Colα2,PI3K,Akt,S6K1,La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 6a(LARP6a),TGF-β1,Smad2,Smad4,Smad3,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2,MyoD,Myf5,MyoG and MyHC relative mRNA levels.The levels of the myostatin-1 and myostatin-2 genes were downregulated,and the protein expression levels of p-Smad2,Smad2,Smad4,p-Akt,Akt,LARP6 and Smad3 were increased.Conclusions:The appropriate levels of dietary protein promoted the growth of sub-adult grass carp and improved muscle hardness by promoting the growth of muscle fibers,improving collagen synthesis and depressing collagen degradation.In addition,the dietary protein requirements of sub-adult grass carp were 26.21%and 24.85%according to the quadratic regression analysis of growth performance(SGR)and the muscle hardness(collagen content),respectively. | Min Dong Lu Zhang Pei Wu Lin Feng Weidan Jiang Yang Liu Shengyao Kuang Shuwei Li Haifeng Mi Ling Tang Xiaoqiu Zhou | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Conversion From Single to Two-Phase Operation in a Natural Circulation Nuclear Reactor显示文摘 | Jiang Shengyao | 1998 | Kerntechnik1998，63，： | 1 |
| 8 | Experimental and numerical validation of a two-region -designed pebble bed reactor with dynamic core 显示文摘 | JIANG Shengyao YANG Xingtuan TANG Zhengwei | 2012 | Nuclear Engineering and Design2012，246，： | 1 |
| 9 | Conversion from single to two-phase operation in a natural circulation nuclear reactor 显示文摘 | JIANG Shengyao | 1998 | Kerntechnik1998，63，： | 1 |
| 10 | Experimental and numerical validation of a two- region-designed pebble bed reactor with dynamic core 显示文摘 | JIANG Shengyao YANG Xingtuan TANG Zhengwei | 2012 | Nuclear Engineering and Design2012，246，： | 1 |
| 11 | Mecha- nism analysis on flow excursion of a natural circulation with low steam quality显示文摘 | Yang Xingtuan Jiang Shengyao Zhang Youiie | 2005 | Nuclear Engineering and Design2005，235，22： | 1 |
| 12 | DEM simulations and experiments of pebble flow with monosized spheres显示文摘 | Li Yanjie Xu Yong Jiang Shengyao | 2009 | Powder Technology2009，193，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Flow fields and packing states in the discharge flow of noncircular particles-A SIPHPM simulation显示文摘 | Nan Gui Xingtuan Yang Jiyuan Tu Shengyao Jiang | 2017 | Particuology2017，15，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Direct simulation of flashing liquid jets using the MPS method显示文摘 | Duan Riqiang Jiang Shengyao Seiichi Koshizuka Yoshiaki Oka Akira Yamaguchi | 2006 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer2006，49，： | 1 |
| 15 | Mannan oligosaccharides alleviate oxidative injury in the head kidney and spleen in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)via the Nrf2 signaling pathway after Aeromonas hydrophila infection显示文摘Background Mannan oligosaccharides(MOS)are recommended as aquaculture additives owing to their excellent antioxidant properties.In the present study,we examined the effects of dietary MOS on the head kidney and spleen of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)with Aeromonas hydrophila infection.Methods A total of 540 grass carp were used for the study.They were administered six gradient dosages of the MOS diet(0,200,400,600,800,and 1,000 mg/kg)for 60 d.Subsequently,we performed a 14-day Aeromonas hydrophila challenge experiment.The antioxidant capacity of the head kidney and spleen were examined using spectrophotometry,DNA fragmentation,qRT-PCR,and Western blotting.Results After infection with Aeromonas hydrophila,400-600 mg/kg MOS supplementation decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species,protein carbonyl,and malonaldehyde and increased the levels of anti-superoxide anion,antihydroxyl radical,and glutathione in the head kidney and spleen of grass carp.The activities of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase,manganese superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione S-transferase,glutathione reductase,and glutathione peroxidase were also enhanced by supplementation with 400-600 mg/kg MOS.Furthermore,the expression of most antioxidant enzymes and their corresponding genes increased significantly with supplementation of 200-800 mg/kg MOS.mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 also increased following supplementation with 400-600 mg/kg MOS.In addition,supplementation with 400-600 mg/kg MOS reduced excessive apoptosis by inhibiting the death receptor pathway and mitochondrial pathway processes.Conclusions Based on the quadratic regression analysis of the above biomarkers(reactive oxygen species,malondialdehyde,and protein carbonyl)of oxidative damage in the head kidney and spleen of on-growing grass carp,the recommended MOS supplementation is 575.21,557.58,531.86,597.35,570.16,and 553.80 mg/kg,respectively.Collectively,MOS supplementation could alleviate oxidative injury in the head kidney and spleen of grass carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. | Zhiyuan Lu Lin Feng Weidan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Jun Jiang Shengyao Kuang Ling Tang Shuwei Li Chengbo Zhong Xiaoqiu Zhou | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，4： | 0 |
| 16 | Calculation of natural circulation under heaving motion显示文摘Wide validation of self-developed program of natural circulation under oceanic conditions has been conducted compared with experimental data of inclination,zero-power condition and hot-state condition.Experiments were performed on a full-scale,whole parameterization natural circulation loop designed with reference to 5 MW experimental low temperature nuclear heating reactor(NHR)of Tsinghua University.Investigation of natural circulation and parameter effect under heaving motion was carried out using the program and comparison of heaving,inclination and rolling on natural circulation respectively to reveal the influence mechanism.Results indicate that:(1)significant influence of heaving motion on natural circulation was observed,and heaving motion with high level of strength and long cycle would lead to severe flow fluctuation;(2)slight effect was caused by short cycle heaving motion which was completely different from long cycle heaving motion;(3)comprehensive action of alternating force and flow density distribution would result in natural circulation under heaving motion;(4)most severe accidents maybe result from the long cycle heaving motion rather than inclination and rolling motion.Investigation of influence of heaving motion on natural circulation could have important reference significance in the optimization design of nuclear reactors. | FENG BeiBei YANG XingTuan JIANG ShengYao | 2014 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2014，57，8： | 0 |
| 17 | Effects of volumetric fraction and included angle of composite particles on the discharge of binary mixtures in hoppers显示文摘The discharge behavior of particles is important in many industrial applications,such as in the core of a pebble bed reactor,which uses a hopper bed filled with many large particles.In this work,a mixture composed of two particle types,freely discharged from a pebble bed,is simulated using the discreteelement method.One is a spherical pebble of diameter equal to that of the fuel pebble of the reactor.The other is a composite particle comprising three spherical pebbles bonded together.The included angleαof the three pebbles characterized the particle conformation,which may affect the discharge behavior of the mixture.The effects of volume fraction of the multi-sphere x(equivalent to the number fraction)on the discharge are also analyzed.Flow patterns,number flow rate,discharge velocity,and mean force of the mixture are computed to help in revealing discharge features.The results show that increasing eitherαor x reduces the discharge flow rate.Fittings and correlations give a quantitative evaluation of the independent effects ofαand x.The analysis of velocity and force explains the mechanism relevant to the main influencing factorsαand x.The results are helpful in gaining a better understanding of the discharge feature of binary mixtures and in providing a quantitative evaluation of the discharge behavior of the reactor core,especially adverse failure conditions. | Liange Ge Nan Gui Xingtuan Yang Jiyuan Tu Shengyao Jiang | 2020 | Particuology2020，18，4： | 0 |
| 18 | Discrete element-embedded finite element model for simulation of soft particle motion and deformation显示文摘The motion and deformation of soft particles are commonly encountered and important in many appli-cations.A discrete element-embedded finite element model(DEFEM)is proposed to solve soft particle motion and deformation,which combines discrete element and finite element methods.The collisional surface of soft particles is covered by several dynamical embedded discrete elements(EDEs)to model the collisional external forces of the particles.The particle deformation,motion,and rotation are inde-pendent of each other in the DEFEM.The deformation and internal forces are simulated using the finite element model,whereas the particle rotation and motion calculations are based on the discrete element model.By inheriting the advantages of existing coupling methods,the contact force and contact search between soft particles are improved with the aid of the EDE.Soft particle packing is simulated using the DEFEM for two cases:particle accumulation along a rectangular straight wall and a wall with an inclined angle.The large particle deformation in the lower layers can be simulated using current meth-ods,where the deformed particle shape is either irregular in the marginal region or nearly hexagonal in the tightly packed central region.This method can also be used to simulate the deformation,motion,and heat transfer of non-spherical soft particles. | Xu Liu Nan Gui Xiyuan Cui Xingtuan Yang Jiyuan Tu Shengyao Jiang | 2022 | Particuology2022，20，9： | 0 |
| 19 | Thermo-hydraulic experimental validation of an integrated modular small reactor operating in full power natural circulation显示文摘Small reactors have become a new hotspot of international nuclear energy research.The nuclear heating reactor(NHR)technology developed by Tsinghua University is an important multipurpose small reactor solution with features such as high integration,modular design and full power natural circulation.A new small reactor based on the existing NHR-200 reactor was developed by the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology of Tsinghua University.A full-scale natural circulation test loop with the same operating parameters as the actual reactor was built in order to experimentally validate the natural circulation ability of the reactor primary loop and heat-transfer ability of fuel assemblies and heat exchangers.Corresponding results are given in detail,including parameter validation of the reactor primary loop,flow rules of the natural circulation and heat-transfer coefficients of heaters and heat exchangers,which can be directly used in the actual reactor as a reference for optimization design.Finally,a characteristic parameter k is proposed to represent the natural circulation ability of a system.By using the new data arrangement method in the form of parameter k,comprehensive experimental results of the natural circulation can be represented by a simple integrated expression.The work in this paper is of importance in broadening application fields and pushing forward commercialization of the NHR type reactors. | YANG XingTuan REN Cheng LIU ZhiYong TU JiYuan JIANG ShengYao | 2014 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2014，57，1： | 0 |
| 20 | Quantitative assessment on the epidemic characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in China显示文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)was first detected in China in 2009.The incidence of SFTS increases year by year,and there is no effective treatment.Considering that the reported prevalence of SFTSV infection varies from region to region,we aimed to quantitatively evaluate the epidemic characteristics of SFTSV infection in China from 2010 to 2020,including the distribution differences in infectious season,sex,age,occupation,and region.A meta-analysis framework was used to search for the related published data with keywords in electronic databases(CNKI,WanFang,CBM,and PubMed).According to the PRISMA statement,the studies that included SFTS diagnosed in China were analyzed.Furthermore,we used Revman and Stata to merge statistical effects,and used I2 and P-values for heterogeneity test and quality assessment.Eleven studies containing 4,932 cases confirmed by SFTSV infection were included in this meta-analysis.The ratio of male-to-female is 1.04 to 1.Cases were concentrated between 40 and 80 years of age(MD=92%,95%CI:91%–93%).Farmers are at the highest risk of SFTSV infection(MD=84%,95%CI:77%–90%).The risk of infection for consecutive period of April-August was significantly higher than the sum of the remaining months(MD=82%,95%CI:78%–85%).In addition,the patient has an extensive history of exposure,including living in the mountains,exposure to ticks,livestock,mouse and the patient.We came to the conclusion that SFTSV is transmitted primarily through tick bites in China,so middle-aged and older adults living in mountains regions are at the highest risk for SFTSV infection in April through August each year. | Shengyao Jiang Mian Khaqan Shah Li Cui | 2021 | Biosafety and Health2021，3，5： | 0 |
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