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| 1 | Rapid phenotypic evolution with shallow genomic differentiation during early stages of high elevation adaptation in Eurasian Tree Sparrows显示文摘Known as the‘third polar region’,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there.Previous studies of birds,animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence.The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood.We studied a human commensal,the Eurasian Tree Sparrow,which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels,in particular in muscle-related phenotypes,highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years.In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity,we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes.Through population genetic analyses,we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation,whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci,many of which are associated with muscle-related processes.Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution,shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment. | Yanhua Qu Chunhai Chen Ying Xiong Huishang She Yong E Zhang Yalin Cheng Shane DuBay Dongming Li Per G P Ericson Yan Hao Hongyuan Wang Hongfeng Zhao Gang Song Hailin Zhang Ting Yang Chi Zhang Liping Liang Tianyu Wu Jinyang Zhao Qiang Gao Weiwei Zhai Fumin Lei | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Alleviation of fatty liver in dairy cows with 14-day intravenous infu- sions of glucagon显示文摘 | Hippen A R She P Young J W | 1999 | J Dairy Sci1999，82，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Free fatty acids produce insulin re- sistance and activate the proinflammatory nuclear factor-p pathway in the rat liver显示文摘 | Boden G She P Mozzoli M | 2005 | Diabetes2005，54，12： | 1 |
| 4 | Lung cancer in china:chal- lenges and interventions显示文摘 | SHE J YANG P HONG Q | 2013 | Chest2013，143，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Lung cancer in China: challengesand interventions显示文摘 | She J Yang P Hong Q | 2013 | Chest2013，143，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Anti-adherence of antibacterial peptides and oligosaccharides and promotion of growth and disease resistance in tilapia显示文摘 | PENG K S SHE R P YANG Y R | 2007 | Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences2007，20，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Inductin of metalfop roteinase-2 and-3 activity in ovine aucfeus pufoosus celis grown in three-dimen-sional agarosegef cufture by interfeukin-l beta:a potential pathway of disc degene rationg显示文摘 | She B Mefrone J Ghosh P | 2003 | Eur Spine J2003，12，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Anti-adherence of antibacterial peptides and oligosaceharides and promotion of growth and disease resistance in tilapia显示文摘 | Peng K S She R P Yang Y R | 2007 | Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences2007，20，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Electrolytic stimulation of bacteria Enterobacter dissolvens by a direct current 显示文摘 | She P Song B Xing X H | 2006 | Biochemical Engineering Journal2006，28，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Structures andorientations of cobalt phthalocyanine adsorbed on Sb(111)显示文摘 | She L M Yu Y H Wu P | 2012 | J Chem Phys2012，136，14： | 1 |
| 11 | Identification of side population cells from bladder cancer cells by dyecycle violet staining 显示文摘 | SHE J J ZZHANG P G WANG Z M | 2008 | Cancer Biol Ther2008，7，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Functionalization of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for improved 5-FU loading 显示文摘 | She X D Chen L J L C P | 2015 | J Nanomater2015，2015，： | 1 |
| 13 | Lung cancer in China: challenges and interventions显示文摘 | She J Yang P Hong Q | 2013 | Chest2013，143，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Effects of gluca- gon infusions on protein and amino acid composition of milk from dairy cows 显示文摘 | BOBE G HIPPEN A R SHE P | 2009 | Journal of Dairy Science2009，92，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Lung cancer in China:challenges and interventions 显示文摘 | She J Yang P Hong Q | 2013 | Chest2013，143，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Lung cancer in China:challenges and interventions 显示文摘 | She J Yang P Hong Q | 2013 | Chest2013，143，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Metabolic responses of lactating dairy cows to 14-day intrave- nous infusions of glucagon 显示文摘 | SHE P HIPPEN A R YOUNG J W | 1999 | Journal of Dairy Sci- ence1999，82，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Distribution of Hydrogen Peroxide During Adventitious Roots Initiation and Development in Mung Bean Hypocotyls Cuttings显示文摘 | HUANG A X SHE X P CAO B H | 2011 | Plant Growth Regulation2011，64，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Pollen Morphology of 8 Genera of Chinese Umbelliferae; ApiaceaeG 显示文摘 | SHE M L SHU P SHAN R H | 1982 | Acta Phytotaxonomica Siniea1982，20，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Lung cancer in China:challenges and in- terventions 显示文摘 | She J Yang P Hong Q | 2013 | Chest2013，143，4： | 1 |
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