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| 1 | Rapid phenotypic evolution with shallow genomic differentiation during early stages of high elevation adaptation in Eurasian Tree Sparrows显示文摘Known as the‘third polar region’,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there.Previous studies of birds,animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence.The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood.We studied a human commensal,the Eurasian Tree Sparrow,which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels,in particular in muscle-related phenotypes,highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years.In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity,we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes.Through population genetic analyses,we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation,whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci,many of which are associated with muscle-related processes.Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution,shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment. | Yanhua Qu Chunhai Chen Ying Xiong Huishang She Yong E Zhang Yalin Cheng Shane DuBay Dongming Li Per G P Ericson Yan Hao Hongyuan Wang Hongfeng Zhao Gang Song Hailin Zhang Ting Yang Chi Zhang Liping Liang Tianyu Wu Jinyang Zhao Qiang Gao Weiwei Zhai Fumin Lei | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Free fatty acids produce insulin re- sistance and activate the proinflammatory nuclear factor-p pathway in the rat liver显示文摘 | Boden G She P Mozzoli M | 2005 | Diabetes2005，54，12： | 1 |
| 3 | Topological description of divergencyand consistency of two-valued propositional theories 显示文摘 | WANG G J SHE Y H | 2007 | ActaMathematica Sinica Chinese Series2007，50，84： | 1 |
| 4 | New vaccines for tuberculosis显示文摘 | Kaufmann SHE Hussey G Lambert P-H | 2010 | Lancet2010，375，9731： | 1 |
| 5 | Identification of side population cells from bladder cancer cells by dyecycle violet staining 显示文摘 | SHE J J ZZHANG P G WANG Z M | 2008 | Cancer Biol Ther2008，7，10： | 1 |
| 6 | Ab initio study on the reactivity of non-alpha-metabolites ofalkylnitrosamines 显示文摘 | Zhao L J Zhong R G She Y B | 2005 | Acta Phys Chim Sn2005，21，8： | 1 |
| 7 | An axiomatic approach of fuzzy rough sets based on residuated lattices 显示文摘 | She Y H Wang G J | 2009 | Computers and Mathematics with Applications2009，58，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of gluca- gon infusions on protein and amino acid composition of milk from dairy cows 显示文摘 | BOBE G HIPPEN A R SHE P | 2009 | Journal of Dairy Science2009，92，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Increase of sensitivity to chemotherapy and NK-mediated cytotoxicity of leukemic stem cell by a farnesyltransferase inhibitor显示文摘 | SHE M R LI J G CHEN X L | 2009 | Blood2009，114，： | 1 |
| 10 | ^1H and ^13C NMRas- signments for two anthraquinones and two xanthones from the mangrove fungus(ZSU H-36)显示文摘 | Shao C L She Z G Guo Z Y | 2007 | Magn Reson Chem2007，45，： | 1 |
| 11 | The role and relationship of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in light/dark-regulated stomatal movement in Vicia faba显示文摘 | SHE X P SONG X G HE J M | 2004 | Acta Botanica Sinica2004，46，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Performance of the nail joints on wood frame shear walls 显示文摘 | Liu Y Zou X J She C G | 2011 | Advanced Materials Research2011，，： | 1 |
| 13 | New vaccines for tuberculosis显示文摘 | Kaufmann SHE Hussey G Lambert P | 2010 | Lancet2010，375，9731： | 1 |
| 14 | Preparation of polystyrene nanotubes with array structures in anodic aluminum oxide using a simple template method显示文摘 | Song G J She X L Li J J | 2004 | Journal of Qingdao University2004，19，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Regulation of Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression for Gluconeogenic Enzymes During Glucagon Infusions into Lactating Cows显示文摘 | She P Lindberg G L Hippen A R | 1999 | J Dairy Sci1999，82，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Research progresses of polymer nanotubes显示文摘 | Song G J Li J J She X L | 2006 | Polymer Bulletin2006，6，74： | 1 |
| 17 | Preparation of hood mechanical property polystyrene nanotubes with array structure in anodic aluminum oxide template using simple physical techniques显示文摘 | Song G J She X L Fu Z F | 2004 | Journal of Materials Research2004，19，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Identification of side population cells from bladder cancer cells by DyeCycle Violet staining 显示文摘 | SHE J J ZHANG P G WANG Z M | 2008 | Cancer Biol Ther2008，7，10： | 1 |
| 19 | 3-D space modulation with voltage balancing capability for a cascaded seven-level converter in a solid-state transformer显示文摘 | SHE X HUANG A Q WANG G Y | 2011 | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics2011，26，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Induction of antiviral resist- ance and stimulary effect by oligochitosan in tobacco显示文摘 | Zhao X M She X P Du Y G | 2007 | Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology2007，87，1： | 1 |
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