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| 1 | Gastrointestinal imaging-practical magnetic resonance imaging approach显示文摘Over the past two decades, advances in cross-sectionalimaging such as computed tomography and magneticresonance imaging(MRI) have dramatically changed theconcept of gastrointestinal imaging. MR is playing anincreasing role in the evaluation of gastrointestinal disorders. MRI combines the advantages of excellent soft-tissue contrast, noninvasiveness, functional informationand lack of ionizing radiation. Furthermore, recent developments of MRI have led to improved spatial and temporal resolution as well as decreased motion artifacts. Inthis article we describe the technical aspects of gastroin-testinal MRI and present a practical approach for a well-known spectrum of gastrointestinal disease processes. | Baodong Liu Miguel Ramalho Mamdoh AlObaidy Kiran K Busireddy Ersan Altun Janaka Kalubowila Richard C Semelka | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，8： | 11 |
| 2 | Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection and characterization of solid pancreatic nodules: An update显示文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the pancreas. The remaining pancreatic tumors are a diverse group of pancreatic neoplasms that comprises cystic pancreatic neoplasms, endocrine tumors and other uncommon pancreatic tumors. Due to the excellent soft tissue contrast resolution, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is frequently able to readily separate cystic from noncystic tumors. Cystic tumors are often easy to diagnose with MRI; however, noncystic non-adenocarcinoma tumors may show a wide spectrum of imaging features, which can potentially mimic ductal adenocarcinoma. MRI is a reliable technique for the characterization of pancreatic lesions. The implementation of novel motionresistant pulse sequences and respiratory gating techniques, as well as the recognized benefits of MR cholangiopancreatography, make MRI a very accurate examination for the evaluation of pancreatic masses. MRI has the distinctive ability of non-invasive assessment of the pancreatic ducts, pancreatic parenchyma, neighbouring soft tissues, and vascular network in one examination. MRI can identify different characteristics of various solid pancreatic lesions, potentially allowing the differentiation of adenocarcinoma from other benign and malignant entities. In this review we describe the MRI protocols and MRI characteristics of various solid pancreatic lesions. Recognition of these characteristics may establish the right diagnosis or at least narrow the differential diagnosis, thus avoiding unnecessary tests or procedures and permitting better management. | Najwa Al Ansari Miguel Ramalho Richard C Semelka Valeria Buonocore Silvia Gigli Francesca Maccioni | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，11： | 9 |
| 3 | Magnetic resonance imaging of pancreatitis: An update显示文摘Magnetic resonance(MR)imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and staging of acute and chronic pancreatitis and may represent the best imaging technique in the setting of pancreatitis due to its unmatched soft tissue contrast resolution as well as nonionizing nature and higher safety profile of intravascular contrast media,making it particularly valuable in radiosensitive populations such as pregnant patients,and patients with recurrent pancreatitis requiring multiple follow-up examinations.Additional advantages include the ability to detect early forms of chronic pancreatitis and to better differentiate adenocarcinoma from focal chronic pancreatitis.This review addresses new trends in clinical pancreatic MR imaging emphasizing its role in imaging all types of acute and chronic pancreatitis,pancreatitis complications and other important differential diagnoses that mimic pancreatitis. | Sriluxayini Manikkavasakar Mamdoh AlObaidy Kiran K Busireddy Miguel Ramalho Viragi Nilmini Madhavi Alagiyawanna Richard C Semelka | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 8 |
| 4 | Focal liver lesions:Practical magnetic resonance imaging approach显示文摘With the widespread of cross-sectional imaging, a growth of incidentally detected focal liver lesions(FLL) has been observed. A reliable detection and characterization of FLL is critical for optimal patient management. Maximizing accuracy of imaging in the context of FLL is paramount in avoiding unnecessary biopsies, which may result in post-procedural complications. A tremendous development of new imaging techniques has taken place during these last years. Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) plays a key role in management of liver lesions, using a radiation-free technique and a safe contrast agent profile. MRI plays a key role in the non-invasive correct characterization of FLL. MRI is capable of providing comprehensive and highly accurate diagnostic information, with the additional advantage of lack of harmful ionizing radiation. These properties make MRI the mainstay for the noninvasive evaluation of focal liver lesions. In this paper we review the state-of-the-art MRI liver protocol, briefly discussing different sequence types, the unique characteristics of imaging non-cooperative patients and discuss the role of hepatocyte-specific contrast agents. A review of the imaging features of the most common benign and malignant FLL is presented, supplemented by a schematic representation of a simplistic practical approach on MRI. | António P Matos Fernanda Velloni Miguel Ramalho Mamdoh AlObaidy Aruna Rajapaksha Richard C Semelka | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，16： | 6 |
| 5 | Magnetic resonance imaging of the cirrhotic liver: An update显示文摘Noninvasive imaging has become the standard for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) diagnosis in cirrhotic livers. In this review paper, we go over the basics of MR imaging in cirrhotic livers and describe the imaging appearance of a spectrum of hepatic nodules marking the progression from regenerative nodules to low- and high-grade dysplastic nodules, and ultimately to HCCs. We detail and illustrate the typical imaging appearancesof different types of HCC including focal, multifocal, massive, diffuse/infiltrative, and intra-hepatic metastases; with emphasis on the diagnostic value of MR in imaging these lesions. We also shed some light on liver imaging reporting and data system, and the role of different magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) contrast agents and future MRI techniques including the use of advanced MR pulse sequences and utilization of hepatocyte-specific MRI contrast agents, and how they might contribute to improving the diagnostic performance of MRI in early stage HCC diagnosis. | Agnes Watanabe Miguel Ramalho Mamdoh Al Obaidy Hye Jin Kim Fernanda G Velloni Richard C Semelka | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 5 |
| 6 | Pancreatitis-imaging approach显示文摘Pancreatitis is defined as the inflammation of the pancreas and considered the most common pancreatic disease in children and adults. Imaging plays a significant role in the diagnosis, severity assessment, recognition of complications and guiding therapeutic interventions. In the setting of pancreatitis, wider availability and good image quality make multi-detector contrastenhanced computed tomography(MD-CECT) the most used imaging technique. However, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) offers diagnostic capabilities similar to those of CT, with additional intrinsic advantages including lack of ionizing radiation and exquisite soft tissue characterization. This article reviews the proposed definitions of revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis, illustrates a wide range of morphologic pancreatic parenchymal and associated peripancreatic changes for different types of acute pancreatitis. It also describes the spectrum of early and late chronic pancreatitis imaging findings and illustrates some of the less common types of chronic pancreatitis, with special emphasis on the role of CT and MRI. | Kiran K Busireddy Mamdoh AlObaidy Miguel Ramalho Janaka Kalubowila Liu Baodong Ilaria Santagostino Richard C Semelka | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Bladder tumor staging: comparison of contrast-enhanced CT, T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging, dynamic gadolinium enhanced imaging, and late gadolinium-enhanced imaging 显示文摘 | Kim B Semelka RC Ascher SM | 1994 | Radiology1994，193，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Gastric stromal sarcomas:correlation of MR imaging and histopathologic findings in nine patients显示文摘 | Hasegawa S Semelka RC Noone TC | 1998 | Radiology1998，208，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Hepatobiliary System:Report of MR Imaging Appearance in Four Patients显示文摘 | Venkataraman S Semelka RC Braga L | | 0，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Complex renal cysts:findings on MR imaging显示文摘 | Balci NC Semelka RC Patt RH | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 11 | MR imaging of the small bowel using the HASTE sequence显示文摘 | Marcos HB Semelka RC | 1998 | AJR1998，170，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Renal lymphoma Demonstration by MR imaging显示文摘 | Richarc Semelka | 1996 | AIR1996，166，： | 1 |
| 13 | Complex renal, cysts: findings on MR imaging显示文摘 | Balci NC Semelka RC Patt RH etal | 1999 | AJR1999，172，： | 1 |
| 14 | Hepato- cenular carcinoma in North America: a multiinstitytional study of appearance on TI weighted and serial gadolinium-enhanced gradient-echo images显示文摘 | Kelekis NL Semelka RC Worawattanakul S | 1998 | AJR1998，170，： | 1 |
| 15 | Modern hepatic imaging 显示文摘 | Braga L Guller U Semelka RC | 2004 | Surg Clin North Am2004，84，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Radiologic diagnosis and staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma显示文摘 | Balci NC Semelka RC | 2001 | Eur J Radiol2001，38，： | 1 |
| 17 | MR imaging of the pancreas显示文摘 | Ascher SM | 1993 | Radiology1993，188，3： | 1 |
| 18 | MR imaging features of primary sclerosing cholangitis:patterns of cirrhosis in relationship to clinical severity of disease显示文摘 | Bader TR Beavers KL Semelka RC | 2003 | Radiology2003，226，： | 1 |
| 19 | Pelvic fistulas:appearances on MR images显示文摘 | Semelka RC Hricak H Kim B | 1997 | Abdom Imaging1997，22，： | 1 |
| 20 | MRI of pancreatic tumors显示文摘 | N. L. Kelekis R. C. Semelka | 1997 | European Radiology1997，，6： | 1 |
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