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| 1 | GPS-constrained inversion of present-day slip rates along major faults of the Sichuan-Yunnan region, China显示文摘A linked-fault-element model is employed to invert for contemporary slip rates along major active faults in the Sichuan-Yunnan region (96°-108°E, 21°-35°N) using the least squares method. The model is based on known fault geometry, and constrained by a GPS-derived horizontal velocity field. Our results support a model attributing the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau driven mainly by the north-northeastward indentation of the Indian plate into Tibet and the gravitational collapse of the plateau. Resisted by a relatively stable south China block, materials of the Sichuan-Yunnan region rotate clockwise around the eastern Himalayan tectonic syntaxis. During the process the Garzê-Yushu, Xianshuihe, Anninghe, Zemuhe, Daliangshan, and Xiaojiang faults, the southwest extension of the Xiaojiang fault, and the Daluo-Jinghong and Mae Chan faults constitute the northeast and east boundaries of the eastward extrusion, with their left slip rates being 0.3-14.7, 8.9-17.1, 5.1 ± 2.5, 2.8 ± 2.3, 7.1 ± 2.1, 9.4 ± 1.2, 10.1 ± 2.0, 7.3 ± 2.6, and 4.9 ± 3.0 mm/a respectively. The southwestern boundary consists of a widely distributed dextral transpressional zone other than a single fault. Right slip rates of 4.2 ± 1.3, 4.3 ± 1.1, and 8.5 ± 1.7 mm/a are detected across the Nanhua-Chuxiong-Jianshui, Wuliangshan, and Longling-Lancang faults. Crustal deformation across the Longmenshan fault is weak, with short-ening rates of 1.4 ± 1.0 and 1.6 ± 1.3 mm/a across the Baoxing-Beichuan and Beichuan-Qingchuan segments. Northwest of the Longmenshan fault lies an active deformation zone (the Longriba fault) with 5.1±1.2 mm/a right slip across. Relatively large slip rates are detected across a few faults within the Sichuan-Yunnan block: 4.4±1.3 mm/a left slip and 2.7±1.1 mm/a shortening across the Litang fault, and 2.7±2.3 mm/a right-lateral shearing and 6.7±2.3 mm/a shortening across the Yunongxi fault and its surrounding regions. In conclusion, we find that the Sichuan-Yunnan region is divided into more than a dozen active micro-blocks by a large number of faults with relatively slow slip rates. The eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau is absorbed and adjusted in the region mainly by these faults, other than a small number of large strike-slip faults with fast slip rates. | WANG YanZhao WANG EnNing SHEN ZhengKang WANG Min GAN WeiJun QIAO XueJun MENG GuoJie LI TieMing TAO Wei YANG YongLin CHENG Jia LI Peng | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，9： | 65 |
| 2 | Contemporary crustal deformation of the Chinese continent and tectonic block model显示文摘We obtain the preliminary result of crustal deformation velocity field for the Chinese con-tinent by analyzing GPS data from the Crustal Motion Observation Network of China (CMONOC), particularly the data from the regional networks of CMONOC observed in 1999 and 2001. We de-lineate 9 tectonically active blocks and 2 broadly distributed deformation zones out of a denseGPS velocity field, and derive block motion Euler poles for the blocks and their relative motionrates. Our result reveals that there are 3 categories of deformation patterns in the Chinese conti-nent. The first category, associated with the interior of the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan oro-genic belt, shows broadly distributed deformation within the regions. The third category, associatedwith the Tarim Basin and the region east of the north-south seismic belt of China, shows block-likemotion, with deformation accommodated along the block boundaries only. The second category, mainly associated with the borderland of the Tibetan Plateau, such as the Qaidam, Qilian, Xining(in eastern Qinghai), and the Diamond-shaped (in western Sichuan and Yunnan) blocks, has thedeformation pattern between the first and the third, i.e. these regions appear to deform block-like,but with smaller sizes and less strength for the blocks. Based on the analysis of the lithosphericstructures and the deformation patterns of the regions above, we come to the inference that thedeformation modes of the Chinese continental crust are mainly controlled by the crustal structure.The crust of the eastern China and the Tarim Basin is mechanically strong, and its deformationtakes the form of relative motion between rigid blocks. On the other hand, the northward indentation of the Indian plate into the Asia continent has created the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan Mountains, thickened their crust, and raised the temperature in the crust. The lower crust thus has become ductile, evidenced in low seismic velocity and high electric conductivity observed. The brittle part of the crust, driven by the visco-plastic flow of the lower crust, deforms extensively at all scales. The regions of the second category located at the borderland of the Tibetan Plateau are at the transition zone between the regions of the first and the third categories in terms of the crustal structure. Driven by the lateral boundary forces, their deformation style is also between the two, in the form of block motion and deformation with smaller blocks and less internal strength. | WANG Min (王 敏) SHEN Zhengkang (沈正康) NIU Zhijun (牛之俊) ZHANG Zusheng (张祖胜) SUN Hanrong (孙汉荣) GAN Weijun (甘卫军) WANG Qi (王 琪) REN Qun (任 群) | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，z2： | 33 |
| 3 | Far-field coseismic displacements associated with the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake in Japan observed by Global Positioning System显示文摘Analysis of GEONET observations covering the entire territory of Japan shows that the great Tohoku-oki earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 off the east coast of Honshu in Japan caused an eastward movement of the northern part of the island by as much as 5.3 m. The GPS data from TEONET in China were used to derive far-field coseismic displacements and to assess the impact of the Tohoku-oki earthquake on crustal deformation in eastern China. The results reveal that the coseismic horizontal displacements induced by the earthquake are the level of millimeters to centimeters in North and Northeast China, with a maximum of 35 mm. Strain analysis also indicates that the earthquake resulted in an increase in the tensile strain on the north-northeast trending faults in North and Northeast China. The tensile strain imposed on the Yilan-Yitong and Dunhua-Mishan faults is more significant than that imposed on the faults in North China; the maximum normal strain reaches about 40 nano-strain. Considering that the static Coulomb stress loaded on the faults is limited, its effect on the regional seismic activity may not be significant. | WANG Min LI Qiang WANG Fan ZHANG Rui WANG YanZhao SHI HongBo ZHANG PeiZhen SHEN ZhengKang | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，23： | 34 |
| 4 | Heat flow distribution in Chinese continent and its adjacent areas显示文摘Using a compilation of 6980 heat flow measurements, we produce a new heat flow map for the Chinese continent and its adjacent areas. We develop an objective and integrated method to interpolate the heat flow data, taking into account both the uniformity within geological units and coherency of regional heat flow. The geologic units are outlined based on Zhang et al.’s active tectonic block model. Our heat flow model is presented in two formats: a contour map and a heat flow dataset with values on a 1×1° grid for the Chinese continent and its adjacent areas, reflecting detailed variations in some regions. Also provided is a resolution map which helps understand the reliability of the heat flow model. Our results reveal that (1) Heat flows in the eastern part of the Chinese continent are relatively higher than those in the western part except that in the Tibetan Plateau area. (2) Heat flows in the Ordos and North China blocks are around 60 mW/m2, and are 50–55 mW/m2 in South China except for the continental marginal sea regions. (3) Heat flow is the lowest in the Junggar Basin, only 35–45 mW/m2, and is 45–55 mW/m2 in the Tarim Basin. The results of this study provide an important data- set for studies on thermal and rheological structures of the Chinese continent and its adjacent areas. | Wei Tao Zhengkang Shen | 2008 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2008，18，7： | 10 |
| 5 | Far-field coseismic displacements associated with the great Sumatra earthquakes of December 26,2004 and March 29,2005 constrained by Global Positioning System显示文摘Based on continuous GPS observations within China as well as global GPS tracking network, a calculation has been made of far-field coseismic displacements associated with the December, 2004 (Mw = 9.3) and March, 2005 (Mw = 8.7) earthquakes. The far-field coseismic displacements are associated with the 2004 shock range more than 6000―7000 km in both north-south and east-west dimensions, and depict an undulated wave pattern of contraction and extension. The coseismic displacements associ-ated with the 2005 event, however, are distributed near the epicentral region, and the event itself may be an aftershock of the 2004 earthquake. | WANG Min ZHANG Peizhen SHEN Zhengkang LIU Jie SUN Hanrong GAN Weijun LI Peng | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，14： | 3 |
| 6 | Influence of the March 11,2011 M_w 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake on regional volcanic activities显示文摘Two days after the March 11,2011,Mw 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake,Shinmoedake volcano,located on the Japanese island of Honshu,erupted.Was this eruption triggered by the Tohoku-oki earthquake?Could Mount Fuji and Changbaishan volcanoes also be triggered to erupt?By calculating changes in the regional stress-strain field that resulted from the earthquake,we find that Mount Fuji,Shinmoedake and Changbaishan volcanoes are all located in regions of volumetric expansion.The volumetric expan-sions at a depth of 10 km are up to~220 nano-strain,~8 nano-strain,and~14 nano-strain,respectively,for the three volcanoes. The strain changes inferred from GPS co-seismic displacements also suggest that these three volcanoes are located in regions with surface areal expansion.Considering that the expansional stress may cause the opening of magma channels,exsolution of CO2 gases stored in magma,and a series of positive feedback effects,the Tohoku-oki earthquake may result in an increase in the activ-ity of these volcanoes.Attention should be paid to potential triggering of volcanic eruptions by stress changes induced by the Tohoku-oki earthquake. | WANG Fan SHEN ZhengKang WANG YanZhao WANG Min | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，20： | 3 |
| 7 | Crustal Stress Evolution over the Past 700 Years in North China and Earthquake Occurrence显示文摘Fault interaction and earthquake occurrence have attracted much attention in seismological community during recent years. Many studies have shown that the rupture of one fault could encourage or discourage earthquake nucleation on a neighboring fault, depending on the relative geometry of the two faults and the earthquake rupture mechanisms. In this paper, we simulate the evolutionary process of cumulative Coulomb failure stress change (CCFSC) in North China since 1303, manifested by secular tectonic stress loading and occurrence of large earthquakes. Secular tectonic stress loading is averaged from crustal strain rates derived from GPS. Fault rupture parameters of historical earthquakes are estimated as follows: the earthquake rupture length and the amount of slip are derived based on their statistical relationships with the earthquake intensity distribution and magnitude, calibrated using parameters of instrumentally measured contemporary earthquakes. The earthquake rake angle is derived based on geologically determined fault orientational parameters and seismically estimated orientation of regional tectonic stresses. Assuming a layered visco-elastic medium, we calculate stress evolution resulting from secular tectonic loading and coseismic and postseismic deformation. On the eve of each large earthquake, the accumulated stress field is projected to the fault surface of that earthquake and the CCFSC is evaluated to assess the triggering effect of CCFSC. Forty-nine earthquakes with M≥6.5 have occurred in North China since 1303. Statistics shows that 39 out of the 48 subsequent events were triggered by positive CCFSC, yielding a triggering rate of 81.3%. If we use the accumulative stress field to evaluate the CCFSC for the M≥5.0 earthquakes that occurred in North China since 1303, we find that 75.5% of those events were triggered. The triggering rate for the M≥5.0 earthquakes after the 1976 Ninghe earthquake is up to 82.1%. The triggering rates can be higher if corrections are made for some aftershocks which were wrongly identified as occurring in stress shadow zones because of errors in parameter estimates of historical earthquakes. Our study shows a very high correlation between positive CCFSC and earthquake occurrences. Relatively high CCFSC in North China at present is concentrated around the Bohai Sea, the west segment of the Northern Qinling fault, the western end of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic zone, and the Taiyuan basin, Shanxi graben, suggesting relatively higher earthquake potential in these areas. | Wan Yongge Shen Zhengkang Shang Dan Li Tieming Zeng Yuehua | 2006 | Earthquake Research in China2006，20，3： | 3 |
| 8 | Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake显示文摘 | Shen Zhengkang Sun Jianbao Zhang Peizhen | 2009 | Nature Geoscience2009，12，： | 1 |
| 9 | Continuous Deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from Global Positioning System Data显示文摘 | Zhang Peizhen Shen Zhengkang Wang Min | 2004 | Geology2004，32，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Slip Maxima at Fault Junctions and Rupturing of Barriers During the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake 显示文摘 | SHEN Zhengkang SUN Jianbao ZHANG Peizhen | 2009 | Nature Geoscience2009，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Continous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from global positioning system data显示文摘 | Zhang Peizhen Shen Zhengkang Wang Min | 2004 | Geology2004，32，9： | 1 |
| 12 | Continuous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from Global Positioning System data显示文摘 | Zhang Peizhen Shen Zhengkang Wang Min | 2004 | Geology2004，32，9： | 1 |
| 13 | Continuous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from global positioning system data显示文摘 | Zhang Pei-Zhen Shen Zhengkang Wang Min Gan Weljun Burgmann R Molnar P Wang Qi Niu Zhijun Sun Jianzhong Wu Jianehun Sun Hanrong You Xinzhao | 2004 | Geology2004，32，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Continous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from global positioning system data 显示文摘 | Zhang Peizhen Shen Zhengkang Wang Min | 2004 | Geology2004，32，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Continuous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from global positioning system data显示文摘 | Zhang Peizhen Shen Zhengkang Wang Min | 2004 | Geology2004，32，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Slip Maxima at Fault Junctions and Rupturing of Barriers During the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake 显示文摘 | Shen Zhengkang Sun Jianbao Zhang Peizhen | 2009 | Nature Geosicence2009，2，： | 1 |
| 17 | Analysis on correlated noise in continuous GPS observation 显示文摘 | TIAN Yunfeng SHEN Zhengkang LI Peng | 2011 | Acta Seismologica Sinica2011，32，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake 显示文摘 | Shen Zhengkang | 2009 | Nature Geoscience2009，2，： | 1 |
| 19 | Based on GPS-constrained inversion of present-day rate of major faults of the Sichuan-Yunnan region, China 显示文摘 | Wang Yanzhao Wang En'ning Shen Zhengkang | 2008 | Science in China (Series D: Earth Science)2008，38，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Slip Maxima at Fault Junctions and Rupturing of Barriers During the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake显示文摘 | Shen Zhengkang Sun Jianbao Zhang Peizhen | | 0，，： | 1 |
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