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| 1 | Gasification Reactivity of Charcoal with CO2(Ⅰ):Conversion and Structural Phenomena显示文摘 | Struis R P W J Scala C V Stucki S | 2002 | Chemical Engineering Science2002，57，： | 1 |
| 2 | Triptorelin for the treatment of endometriosis显示文摘 | Leone U Scala C Remorgida V | 2014 | Expert Opinion on Pharma- cotherapy2014，15，8： | 1 |
| 3 | Desogestrel-only contraceptive pill versus sequential contraceptive vaginal ring in the treatment of rectovaginal endometriosis infiltra- ting the rectum : a prospective open-label comparative study 显示文摘 | Leone Roberti Maggiore U Remorgida V Scala C | 2014 | Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand2014，93，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Gasification reactivity of charcoal with CO2 ( Ⅱ ) : Metal catalysis as a function of conversion 显示文摘 | STRUIS R P W J SCALA C V STUCKI S | 2002 | Chemical Engineering Science2002，57，17： | 1 |
| 5 | Desogestrel-only contraceptive pill versus sequential contraceptive vaginal ring in the treatment of rectovaginal endometriosis infiltrating the rectum:a prospective open-label comparative study显示文摘 | Leone RM Remorgida V Scala C | 2014 | Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand2014，，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Plevalence, control and treatment of arterial hypertension in Nobres - MT显示文摘 | Rosario T M Scala L C Franca G V | 2009 | Arq Bras Cardiol2009，93，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Factors that contribute to the mycoparasitism stimulus in Trichoderma atroviride. strain P1显示文摘Trichoderma atroviride strain P1 has been used extensively to study the mycoparasitic mechanisms in the interaction between plant pathogenic host and beneficial antagonistic fungi. Mutants of P1 containing the green fluorescent protein (gfp) or glucose oxidase (gox) reporter systems and different inducible promoters (from the exochitinase nag1 gene, or the endochitinase ech42 gene of P1) were used to determine the factors that activate the biocontrol gene expression cascade in the antagonist. The following compounds were tested singly and in various combinations: purified Trichoderma P1 enzymes (endochitinase, exochitinase, chitobiosidase, glucanase); antagonist culture filtrates (T. atroviride P1 wild-type and relative knock-out mutants, T. harzianum, T. reesei); pathogen culture filtrates (Botrytis, Pythium, Rhizoctonia); purified fungal cell walls (CWs) from Trichoderma, Botrytis, Pythium, Rhizoctonia; colloidal crab shell chitin; and plant extracts from cucumber leaves, stems or roots. Strong induction of mycoparasitism was found with the various digestion products produced by treating fungal CWs and colloidal chitin with purified enzymes or fungal culture filtrates. Filtrates from chitinase knock-out mutants, as well as CWs from Oomycetes fungi, were less active in producing the stimulus for mycoparasitism. The host CW digestion products were separated by molecular weight (MW) to determine which compounds were able to activate Trichoderma. Micromolecules of MW less than 3 kDa were found to trigger mycoparasitism gene expression before physical contact with the host pathogen. These compounds stimulated mycelial growth and spore germination of the antagonist. Purification of these host-derived compounds was conducted by HPLC and in vivo assay. The obtained inducers were able to stimulate both the production of endochitinase and exochitinase enzymes, even under repressing conditions in the presence of glucose. Inducers stimulated the biocontrol effect of P1 in the presence of host fungi. The disease symptom development on bean leaves inoculated with Botrytis and Trichoderma spores was clearly reduced by the addition of the inducers, unless these molecules were not specifically inactivated. Finally, purified inducers added to liquid cultures of T. atroviride P1 stimulated the production of low MW antibiotics and metabolites which inhibited Botrytis spore germination. Mass spectrometry analysis (ESI-MS) of the inducers indicated the presence of hexose oligomers, like cellobiose, while MS/MS analysis by selective fragmentation of peaks in the spectrum demonstrated the presence of at least three distinct compounds that were biologically active. | Woo S L Formisano E Fogliano V Cosenza C Mauro A Turrà D Soriente I Ferraioli S Scala F Lorito M | 2004 | 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)2004，30，4： | 0 |
| 8 | Proteomic study of three component interactions: plant, pathogens and antagonistic fungi显示文摘The molecular factors involved in the three-way interaction between plant, pathogenic fungi and antagonistic/biocontrol fungi, such as Trichoderma, are still poorly understood, even if they represent a matter of interest for improving crop management and developing new strategies for plant diseases control. The aim of this work is to investigate the components involved in this interaction and, for this purpose, a proteomic approach was used. 2-D maps of the protein extracts from the single components in various interactions between plants (potato, bean, tobacco or tomato), pathogens (Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani or Pythium ultimum) and biocontrol fungi (Trichoderma atroviride strain P1 or Trichoderma harzianum strain T22) were obtained. The proteome of each partner was collected separately and extracted by acetone precipitation in presence of trichloroacetic acid and a reducing agent (DTT). The extracted proteins were separated by isoelectrofocusing (IEF), using IPG (Immobilized pH gradient) strips, followed by SDS-PAGE. In order to improve resolution the separations were performed both on wide than narrow pH range and on different gel lengths. Differential spots were noted in the proteome of the three-way interaction when compared to each single component. These were further characterized by mass spectrometry and in silico analysis with the aim of identifying and cloning the relative genes. During the in vitro interaction of T. harzianum strain T22 with tomato and the culture filtrate or cell walls of pathogens, the spot number was higher than in the presence of pathogen biomass. In terms of Trichoderma differential proteins displayed on 2D gels, the most important changes were obtained in the presence of P. ultimum . During the in vivo interaction with tomato, the antagonist proteome changed much more in presence of soilborne fungi R. solani and P. ultimum than with the foliar fungus B. cinerea, both in terms of total and increased or novel spots. In silico analysis of some of those spots revealed homology with intracellular enzymes (GTPases, hydrolases) and with stress-related proteins (heat shock proteins HSP70, bacteriocin cloacin). Specific proteins in the plant proteome, i.e. pathogenesis-related proteins, have been identified during the in vivo interaction of bean with R. solani and T. atroviride strain P1. This is in agreement with the demonstrated ability of these beneficial fungi to induce plant systemic disease resistance by activating expression of defence-related genes. Proteins extracted from T. atrovride strain P1 which were analysed by mass spectrometry, revealed some interesting homologies with a fungal hydrophobin of Pleurotus ostreatus and an ABC transporter of Ralstonia metallidurans. These could represent molecular factors involved in the antagonistic mechanisms of Trichoderma and play a role in the three-way interaction with the plant and other microbes. | Marra R Ambrosino P Scala V Romano C Vinale F Ferraioli S Ruocco M Carbone V Woo S L Turrà D Scala F Lorito M | 2004 | 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)2004，30，4： | 0 |
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