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| 1 | Myocardial reperfusion injury and oxidative stress: Therapeutic opportunities显示文摘Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Its associated mortality, morbidity and complications have significantly decreased with the development of interventional cardiology and percutaneous coronary angioplasty(PCA) treatment, which quick-ly and effectively restore the blood flow to the area previously subjected to ischemia. Paradoxi-cally, the restoration of blood flow to the ischemic zone leads to a massive production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) which generate rapid and severe damage to biomolecules, generating a phenomenon called myocardial reperfusion injury(MRI). In the clinical setting, MRI is associated with multiple complications such as lethal reperfusion, no-reflow, myocardial stunning, and reperfusion arrhythmias. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the mechanisms accounting for the myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, it remains an unsolved problem. Although promising results have been obtained in experimental studies(mainly in animal models), these benefits have not been translated into clinical settings. Thus, clinical trials have failed to find benefits from any therapy to prevent MRI. There is major evidence with respect to the contribution of oxidative stress to MRI in cardiovascular diseases. The lack- of consistency between basic studies and clinical trials is not solely based on the diversity inherent in epidemiology but is also a result of the methodological weak-nesses of some studies. It is quite possible that pharmacological issues, such as doses, active ingredients, bioavailability, routes of administration, co-therapies, startup time of the drug intervention,and its continuity may also have some responsibility for the lack- of consistency between different studies. Furthermore, the administration of high ascorbate doses prior to reperfusion appears to be a safe and rational therapy against the development of oxidative damage associated with myocardial reperfusion. In addition, the association with N-acetylcysteine(a glutathione donor) and deferoxamine(an iron chelator) could improve the antioxidant cardioprotection by ascorbate, mak-ing it even more effective in preventing myocardial reperfusion damage associated with PCA following AMI. | Jaime González-Montero Roberto Brito Abraham IJ Gajardo Ramón Rodrigo | 2018 | World Journal of Cardiology2018，10，9： | 56 |
| 2 | Nitrate Transport, Sensing, and Responses in Plants显示文摘氮(N) 是影响植物生长和开发的必要 macronutrient。N 是叶绿素,氨基酸, nucleic 酸,和第二等的代谢物的一个重要部件。硝酸盐是在土壤的最丰富的 N 来源之一。因为硝酸盐和其它 N 营养素经常正在限制,植物开发了复杂机制在可变环境保证营养素的足够的供应。硝酸盐全神贯注于根并且由硝酸盐 transporters 动员了到另外的机关。硝酸盐察觉到激活局部地并且在整个植物水平在分子、新陈代谢、生理、发展的回答之上侵犯的发信号的小径。与 genomics 技术和基因工具的来临,在我们硝酸盐和另外的 N 滋养的回答的理解的重要进展在过去的十年被完成了。而且,从单个种利用在分叉的个人在场的自然多型性的技术在揭开是必要的新部件。然而,仍然在我们硝酸盐发信号怎么在植物影响生物过程的理解有差距。而且,我们仍然缺乏识别的所有规章的因素怎么交往的一个综合看法或串音安排植物典型地展出的无数 N 回答。在这评论,我们提供由哪个硝酸盐全部被察觉到并且搬运植物的机制的更新的概述。我们讨论发信号的部件并且怎么在植物局部地并且全球性为发展回答与神经质的小径察觉到串音的硝酸盐。理解硝酸盐怎么在植物影响植物新陈代谢,生理学,和生长和开发对为持续农业改进庄稼关键。 | Jose A. O'Brien Andrea Vega Eleonore Bouguyon Gabriel Krouk Alain Gojon Gloria Coruzzi Rodrigo A. Gutierrez | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，6： | 32 |
| 3 | Essential hypertension and oxidative stress:New insights显示文摘Essential hypertension is a highly prevalent pathological condition that is considered as one of the most relevant cardiovascular risk factors and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Despite the fact that mechanisms underlying hypertension are not yet fully elucidated,a large amount of evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a central role in its pathophysiology. Oxidative stress can be defined as an imbalance between oxidant agents,such as superoxide anion,and antioxidant molecules,and leads to a decrease in nitric oxide bioavailability,which is the main factor responsible for maintaining the vascular tone. Several vasoconstrictor peptides,such as angiotensin Ⅱ,endothelin-1 and urotensin Ⅱ,act through their receptors to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species,by activating enzymes like NADPH oxidase andxanthine oxidase. The knowledge of the mechanism described above has allowed generating new therapeutic strategies against hypertension based on the use of antioxidants agents,including vitamin C and E,N-Acetylcysteine,polyphenols and selenium,among others. These substances have different therapeutic targets,but all represent antioxidant reinforcement. Several clinical trials using antioxidants have been made. The aim of the present review is to provide new insights about the key role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension and new clinical attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of hypertension. | Jaime González Nicolás Valls Roberto Brito Ramón Rodrigo | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，6： | 20 |
| 4 | Serrated colorectal cancer: Molecular classification, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy显示文摘Molecular advances support the existence of an alternative pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis that is based on the hypermethylation of specific DNA regions that silences tumor suppressor genes. This alternative pathway has been called the serrated pathway due to the serrated appearance of tumors in histological analysis. New classifications for colorectal cancer(CRC) were proposed recently based on genetic profiles that show four types of molecular alterations: BRAF gene mutations, KRAS gene mutations, microsatellite instability, and hypermethylation of Cp G islands. This review summarizes what is known about the serrated pathway of CRC, including CRC molecular and clinical features, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy. | Oscar Murcia Miriam Juárez Eva Hernández-Illán Cecilia Egoavil Mar Giner-Calabuig María Rodríguez-Soler Rodrigo Jover | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，13： | 18 |
| 5 | Molecular overview of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis显示文摘Cholestasis is a clinical condition resulting from the imapairment of bile flow.This condition could be caused by defects of the hepatocytes,which are responsible for the complex process of bile formation and secretion,and/or caused by defects in the secretory machinery of cholangiocytes.Several mutations and pathways that lead to cholestasis have been described.Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)is a group of rare diseases caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the genes that encode proteins expressed mainly in the apical membrane of the hepatocytes.PFIC 1,also known as Byler’s disease,is caused by mutations of the ATP8B1 gene,which encodes the familial intrahepatic cholestasis 1 protein.PFIC 2 is characterized by the downregulation or absence of functional bile salt export pump(BSEP)expression via variations in the ABCB11 gene.Mutations of the ABCB4 gene result in lower expression of the multidrug resistance class 3 glycoprotein,leading to the third type of PFIC.Newer variations of this disease have been described.Loss of function of the tight junction protein 2 protein results in PFIC 4,while mutations of the NR1H4 gene,which encodes farnesoid X receptor,an important transcription factor for bile formation,cause PFIC 5.A recently described type of PFIC is associated with a mutation in the MYO5B gene,important for the trafficking of BSEP and hepatocyte membrane polarization.In this review,we provide a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms and clinical features associated with each type of PFIC based on peer reviewed journals published between 1993 and 2020. | Sriram Amirneni Nils Haep Mohammad A Gad Alejandro Soto-Gutierrez James E Squires Rodrigo MFlorentino | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，47： | 17 |
| 6 | Intraoperative cell salvage with autologous transfusion in liver transplantation显示文摘Liver transplant(LT) is the primary treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease. About 25000 LTs are performed annually in the world. The potential for intraoperative bleeding is quite variable. However, massive bleeding is common and requires blood transfusion. Allogeneic blood transfusion has an immunosuppressive effect and an impact on recipient survival, in addition to the risk of transmission of viral infections and transfusion errors, among others.Techniques to prevent excessive bleeding or to use autologous blood have been proposed to minimize the negative effects of allogeneic blood transfusion.Intraoperative reinfusion of autologous blood is possible through previous selfdonation or blood collected during the operation. However, LT does not normally allow autologous transfusion by prior self-donation. Hence, using autologous blood collected intraoperatively is the most feasible option. The use of intraoperative blood salvage autotransfusion(IBSA) minimizes the perioperative use of allogeneic blood, preventing negative transfusion effects without negatively impacting other clinical outcomes. The use of IBSA in patients with cancer is still a matter of debate due to the theoretical risk of reinfusion of tumor cells. However, studies have demonstrated the safety of IBSA in several surgical procedures, including LT for hepatocellular carcinoma. Considering the literature available to date, we can state that IBSA should be routinely used in LT, both in patients with cancer and in patients with benign diseases. | Marcelo A Pinto Marcio F Chedid Leo Sekine Andre P Schmidt Rodrigo P Capra Carolina Prediger Jo?o E Prediger Tomaz JM Grezzana-Filho Cleber RP Kruel | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2019，11，1： | 16 |
| 7 | PICC延续性照护服务现状及制约因素分析显示文摘目的从患者和社区医疗机构层面了解PICC延续性照护服务现状并分析制约因素,为PICC维护技术在社区医疗机构的推广提供参考。方法对在株洲市3所三级医院进行PICC置管维护的196例患者采用自行设计的问卷进行调查,对10家社区医疗机构负责人进行半结构式深入访谈。结果 88.8%的PICC带管者平时的维护地点为三级医院,31.1%的患者愿意到社区医院进行导管维护,61.2%的患者因社区诊疗技术不足而不到社区医疗机构进行导管维护。访谈共提取6个主题:人力资源不足,相关知识及技术缺乏,担心风险,收费标准缺乏文件依据,缺乏国家政策支持,建议提高医疗风险的保额。结论社区医院PICC维护情况不容乐观,推进PICC维护进社区存在较多的制约因素,政府、三级医院及社区医疗机构应积极采取对策加以改进,以发挥社区医疗机构初级医疗保健作用。 | 孙亭亭 谭江红 胡玲利 谢竟 罗国艳 Rodrigo Loper | 2019 | 护理学杂志2019，34，10： | 16 |
| 8 | Prognostic angiogenic markers(endoglin, VEGF, CD31) and tumor cell proliferation(Ki67) for gastrointestinal stromal tumors显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the correlation between the immunoexpression of angiogenic markers [CD31, CD105 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)], proliferative index(Ki67), and prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 54 GIST cases. Medical records were searched to obtain the GIST patients' demographic and clinical data, and paraffin-embedded blocks of tumor samples were retrieved from the hospital archives to conduct a new immunohistochemical evaluation. The tumor samples of GIST patients were subject to immunohistochemical evaluation for endoglin(CD105), CD31, VEGF, and Ki67 expression. The CD105 and CD31 intratumoral microvascular density(IMVD) was measured using automated analysis. We determined the correlation between the immunoexpression of CD105, CD31, VEGF,Ki67 and prognosis. In addition, we conducted a cutoff analysis using the receiver-operating characteristic curve. VEGF positivity was classified as either null/weak or strong. Ki67 was evaluated using a cutoff of 5%positive cells. The prognosis was classified as good(patient alive without recurrence) or poor(patient with recurrence/death).RESULTS: The distribution of tumor sites among the54 analyzed samples was as follows: 27(50%) in the stomach, 20(37.1%) in the small intestine, 6(11.1%)in the colon, and 1(1.8%) in the esophagus. The size of the tumors ranged from 2 to 33 cm(median: 8cm); in 12 cases(22.2%), the tumor was below 5 cm at the largest diameter, but in 42 cases(77.7%), the tumor was larger than 5 cm. The means of CD105 and CD31 were significantly higher in the group with poor prognosis(P < 0.001). The cut-off values of CD105(>1.2%) and CD31(> 2.5%) in the receiver-operating characteristic curve were related to a poorer prognosis.Cases with a better prognosis showed significantly null/weak staining for VEGF(P < 0.001). Ki-67 expression of≥ 5% was strongly correlated with a worse prognosis(P< 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, CD105 was the variable that most strongly correlated with prognosis.CONCLUSION: The IMVD cutoff values for the angiogenic markers CD105 and CD31, may be prognostic factors for GIST, in addition to VEGF and Ki67. | Rodrigo Panno Basilio-de-Oliveira Vera Lucia Nunes Pannain | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，22： | 15 |
| 9 | IL28B polymorphisms associated with therapy response in Chilean chronic hepatitis C patients显示文摘AIM:To analyze the association of three IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms with response to therapy in Chilean patients infected with hepatitis C virus CV.METHODS:We studied two groups of patients with chronic CV infection genotype 1,under standard combined treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin.One group consisted of 50 patients with sustained virological response,whereas the second group consisted of 49 null responders.In order to analyze the IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms rs12979860,rs12980275 and rs8099917,samples were used for polymerase chain reaction amplification,and the genotyping was performed by restriction fragment lengthpolymorphism.RESULTS:The IL28B rs12979860 CC,rs12980275 AA and rs8099917 TT genotypes were much more frequently found in patients with sustained virological response compared to null responders 38%,44% and 50% vs 2%,8.2% and 8.2%,respectively.These differences were highly significant in all three cases(P < 0.0001.CONCLUSION:The three IL28B polymorphisms studied are strongly associated with sustained virological response to therapy in Chilean patients with chronic CV genotype 1. | Mauricio Venegas Rodrigo A Villanueva Katherine González Javier Brahm | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，31： | 13 |
| 10 | 以区域医疗中心为主导的护联体的构建与实施显示文摘目的带领社区医护人员为居家患者提供有偿优质护理服务。方法构建以基层医疗为中心,以区域医疗中心为主导的护联体平台;实行患者线上下单,区域医疗中心护士与社区护士联合上门居家护理服务的方式。实施1年后评价效果。结果护联体运行以来,107名医疗中心护士带领社区护士共提供上门更换胃管、PICC维护、更换尿管、伤口造口护理、压疮护理等14个项目的护理服务;其中更换胃管(73例次)堵管率、PICC维护(97例次)静脉炎发生率显著低于返院维护组(护联体平台运行前,返院更换胃管53例次、PICC维护80例次)(均P<0.05);患者满意度评分显著高于返院组(P<0.01);两种护理模式均未发生护理不良事件与纠纷。结论基于护联体模式的“互联网+护理服务”,可一定程度上满足居家患者的护理需求,护患双方均有较好的安全保障。 | 谭江红 田艳珍 王浪 孙亭亭 黄红斌 包正军 Rodrigo Lopez | 2021 | 护理学杂志2021，36，12： | 13 |
| 11 | Scrub typhus:pathophysiology,clinical manifestations and prognosis显示文摘Scrub typhus is a zoonosis caused by the pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi(O.tsvtsugamushi). The disease has significant prevalence in eastern and Southeast Asia.Usually presenting as an acute febrile illness,the diagnosis is often missed because of similarities with oilier tropical febrile infections.Many unusual manifestations are present,and these are described in this review,together with an outline of current knowledge of pathophysiology.Awareness of these unusual clinical manifestations will help the clinician to arrive at an early diagnosis,resulting in early administration of appropriate antibiotics.Prognostic indicators for severe disease have not yet been clearly established. | Senaka Rajapakse Chaturaka Rodrigo Deepika Fernando | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，4： | 12 |
| 12 | Evaluation of VEGF gene polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Mexican population显示文摘● AIM: To assess if the included vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) polymorphisms rs3025035, rs3025021 and rs2010963 are associated to proliferative retinopathy in a Mexican population with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).● METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in adult individuals with T2 DM associated to proliferative retinopathy or non-proliferative retinopathy from Oct. 2014 to Jun. 2015 from the Retina Department of the Asociation to Prevent Blindness in Mexico. The selected patients were adults with a diagnosis of T2 DM ≥5y. All subjects had a comprehensive ocular examination and the classification of the retinopathy severity was made considering the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS) standardization protocols. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole fresh blood. All samples were genotyped by q PCR for selected VEGF polymorphisms. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by comparing Chi-square values between the expected and the observed values for genotype counts.● RESULTS: In total 142 individuals were enrolled, 71 individuals with T2 DM and associated proliferative retinopathy and 71 individuals with non-proliferative retinopathy. One-sided Fisher's exact test was performed for rs3025021[OR(95% CI)=0.44(0.08-2.2); P=0.25] and rs2010963 [OR(95% CI)=0.63(0.25-1.6); P=0.23]. The minor allelic frequencies obtained were 26% for rs3025021, 10% for rs3025035 and 61% for rs2010963. The pairwise linkage disequilibrium between the three SNP was assessed, and was as follows: rs3025021 vs rs3025035: D'=1.0, r^2=0.1043, P≤0.0001; rs3025021 vs rs2010963: D'=0.442, r^2=0.0446, P=0.149; rs3025035 vs rs2010963: D'=0.505, r^2=0.0214, P=0.142.● CONCLUSION: This is the first analysis involving VEGFA polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a Mexican population. A major finding of the present study is that none of the polymorphisms studied was significantly associated with proliferative retinopathy. Based on these results, we can infer that different populations have different associations for the same polymorphisms. | Roberto Gonzalez-Salinas Maria C Garcia-Gutierrez Gerardo Garcia-Aguirre Virgilio Morales-Canton Raul Velez-Montoya Vidal R Soberon-Ventura Victoria Gonzalez Rodrigo Lechuga Pablo Garcia-Solis David G Garcia-Gutierrez Marco Vinicio Garcia-Solis Manuel Saenz de Viteri Juan C Solis-S | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，1： | 12 |
| 13 | Liver expression of steroid hormones and Apolipoprotein D receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the tissular expression of Androgen (A), Estrogen (E) and Progesterone (Pg) receptors, and Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), in liver tumors from resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases in order to assess their possible relationship to prognosis. METHODS: We performed an immunohistochemical study using tissue microarrays (containing more than 260 cancer specimens, from 31 HCC patients and controls) to determine the presence of specif ic antibodies against AR, ER, PgR and ApoD, correlating their findings with several clinico-pathological and biological variables. The staining results were categorized using a semi-quantitive score based on their intensity, and the percentage of immunostained cells was measured. RESULTS: A total of 21 liver tumors (67.7%) were positive for AR; 16 (51.6%) for ER; 26 (83.9%) for PgR and 12 (38.7%) stained for ApoD. We have found a wide variability in the immunostaining score values for each protein, with a median (range) of 11.5 (11.5-229.5) for AR; 11.1 (8.5-65) for ER; 14.2 (4-61) for PgR; and 37.7 (13.8-81.1) for ApoD. A history of heavy ethanol consumption, correlated positively with AR and PgR and negatively with ER status. HCV chronic infection also correlated positively with AR and PgR status. However, the presence of ApoD immunostaining did not correlate with any of these variables. Tumors with a positive immuno-staining for PgR showed a better prognosis. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate a moderate clinical value of the steroid receptor status in HCC, emphasizing the need to perform further studies in order to evaluate the possible role of new hormonal-based therapies. | FJ Vizoso M Rodriguez A Altadill ML González-Diéguez A Linares LO González S Junquera F Fresno-Forcelledo MD Corte L Rodrigo | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，23： | 11 |
| 14 | Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:An evidence-based clinical practice review显示文摘AIM:To build a consensus among Chilean specialists on the appropriate management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in clinical practice.METHODS:NAFLD has now reached epidemic proportions worldwide.The optimal treatment for NAFLD has not been established due to a lack of evidence-based recommendations.An expert panel of members of the Chilean Gastroenterological Society and the Chilean Hepatology Association conducted a structured analysis of the current literature on NAFLD therapy.The quality of the evidence and the level of recommendations supporting each statement were assessed according to the recommendations of the United States Preventive Services Task Force.A modified three-round Delphi technique was used to reach a consensus among the experts.RESULTS:A group of thirteen experts was established.The survey included 17 open-ended questions that were distributed among the experts,who assessed the articles associated with each question.The levels of agreement achieved by the panel were 93.8%in the first round and 100%in the second and third rounds.The final recommendations support the indication of lifestyle changes,including diet and exercise,for all patients with NAFLD.Proven pharmacological therapies include only vitamin E and pioglitazone,which can be used in nondiabetic patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(the progressive form of NAFLD),although the long-term safety and efficacy of these therapies have not yet been established.CONCLUSION:Current NAFLD management is rapidly evolving,and new pathophysiology-based therapies are expected to be introduced in the near future.All NAFLD patients should be evaluated using a three-focused approach that considers the risks of liver disease,diabetes and cardiovascular events. | Juan P Arab Roberto Candia Rodrigo Zapata Cristián Mu?oz Juan P Arancibia Jaime Poniachik Alejandro Soza Francisco Fuster Javier Brahm Edgar Sanhueza Jorge Contreras M Carolina Cuellar Marco Arrese Arnoldo Riquelme | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，34： | 11 |
| 15 | Different patterns of intestinal response to injury after arterial,venous or arteriovenous occlusion in rats显示文摘AIM:To investigate the differences in injury patterns caused by arterial, venous or arteriovenous mesenteric occlusion.METHODS: Male Wistar rats were separated equally into four groups. Occlusion was performed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (A), the mesenteric vein (V) or both (AV) for 30 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion. A control group received sham surgery only. Intestinal sections were examined for histological damage and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), P-selectin, antithrombin (AT) and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) concentrations were measured. RESULTS: All groups showed signif icant mucosal injury compared to controls. Furthermore, mucosal injury was significantly more severe in the V and AV groupscompared to the A group (3.6±0.55, 3.4±0.55 and 2±0.71, respectively, P=0.01). ICAM-1 was similarly elevated in all groups, with no significant differences between the groups. P-selectin levels were significantly elevated in the V and AV groups but not the A group (1.4±0.5 ng/mL, 2.52±0.9 ng/mL and 0.02±0.01 ng/mL, respectively, P=0.01) and ET-1 was significantly elevated in the A and V groups but not the AV group (0.32±0.04 pg/mL, 0.36±0.05 pg/mL and 0.29±0.03 pg/mL, respectively, P=0.01) compared to sham controls. AT CONCLUSION:Different patterns of response to ischemia/reperfusion are associated with venous, arterial or arteriovenous occlusion. Venous and arteriovenous occlusion was associated with the most severe alterations. | Francisco Javier Guzmán-de la Garza Carlos Rodrigo Cámara-Lemarroy Gabriela Alarcón-Galván Paula Cordero-Pérez Linda Elsa Muoz-Espinosa Nancy Esthela Fernández-Garza | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，31： | 10 |
| 16 | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration显示文摘Studies have confirmed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) can be used for treatment of several nervous system diseases. However, isolation of bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs) is an invasive and painful process and the yield is very low. Therefore, there is a need to search for other alterative stem cell sources. Adipose-derived MSCs(ADSCs) have phenotypic and gene expression profiles similar to those of BMSCs. The production of ADSCs is greater than that of BMSCs, and ADSCs proliferate faster than BMSCs. To compare the effects of venous grafts containing BMSCs or ADSCs on sciatic nerve injury, in this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham(only sciatic nerve exposed), Matrigel(MG; sciatic nerve injury + intravenous transplantation of MG vehicle), ADSCs(sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing ADSCs), and BMSCs(sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing BMSCs) groups. Sciatic functional index was calculated to evaluate the function of injured sciatic nerve. Morphologic characteristics of nerves distal to the lesion were observed by toluidine blue staining. Spinal motor neurons labeled with Fluoro-Gold were quantitatively assessed. Compared with sham-operated rats, sciatic functional index was lower, the density of small-diameter fibers was significantly increased, and the number of motor neurons significantly decreased in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Neither ADSCs nor BMSCs significantly improved the sciatic nerve function of rats with sciatic nerve injury, increased fiber density, fiber diameters, axonal diameters, myelin sheath thickness, and G ratios(axonal diameter/fiber diameter ratios) in the sciatic nerve distal to the lesion site. There was no significant difference in the number of spinal motor neurons among ADSCs, BMSCs and MG groups. These results suggest that neither BMSCs nor ADSCs provide satisfactory results for peripheral nerve repair when using MG as the conductor for engraftment. | Marcela Fernandes Sandra Gomes Valente Rodrigo Guerra Sabongi Joao Baptista Gomes dos Santos Vilnei Mattioli Leite Henning Ulrich Arthur Andrade Nery Maria José da Silva Fernandes | 2018 | Neural Regeneration Research2018，13，1： | 10 |
| 17 | Metabolic complications in liver transplant recipients显示文摘The metabolic syndrome(MS), which includes obesity,dyslipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia according to the most widely accepted definitions now used, is one of the most common post-transplant complications, with a prevalence of 44%-58%. The MS, together with the immunosuppression, is considered the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in transplant recipients, which in turn accounts for 19%-42% of all deaths unrelated to the graft. The presence of MS represents a relative risk for the development of CVD and death of 1.78. On the other hand, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), considered as the manifestation of the MS in the liver, is now the second leading reason for liver transplantation in the United States after hepatitis C and alcohol. NAFLD has a high rate of recurrence in the liver graft and a direct relation with the worsening of other metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus. Consequently, it is vitally important to identify and treat as soon as possible such modifiable factors as hypertension, overweight, hyperlipidaemia or diabetes in transplanted patients to thus minimise the impact on patient survival. Additionally, steroid-free regimens are favoured, with minimal immunosuppression to limit the possible effects on the development of the MS. | Miguel Jiménez-Pérez Rocío González-Grande Edith Omonte Guzmán Víctor Amo Trillo Juan Miguel Rodrigo López | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，28： | 10 |
| 18 | Cirrhosis and autoimmune liver disease:Current understanding显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) and autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) constitute the classic autoimmune liver diseases(AILDs).While AIH target the hepatocytes,in PBC and PSC the targets of the autoimmune attack are the biliary epithelial cells.Persistent liver injury,associated with chronic AILD,leads to un-resolving inflammation,cell proliferation and the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins by hepatic stellate cells and portal myofibroblasts.Liver cirrhosis,and the resultant loss of normal liver function,inevitably ensues.Patients with cirrhosis have higher risks or morbidity and mortality,and that in the decompensated phase,complications of portal hypertension and/or liver dysfunction lead to rapid deterioration.Accurate diagnosis and monitoring of cirrhosis is,therefore of upmost importance.Liver biopsy is currently the gold standard technique,but highly promising non-invasive methodology is under development.Liver transplantation(LT) is an effective therapeutic option for the management of endstage liver disease secondary to AIH,PBC and PSC.LT is indicated for AILD patients who have progressed to end-stage chronic liver disease or developed intractable symptoms or hepatic malignancy;in addition,LT may also be indicated for patients presenting with acute liver disease due to AIH who do not respond to steroids. | Rodrigo Liberal Charlotte R Grant | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，28： | 10 |
| 19 | Use of butyrate or glutamine in enema solution reduces inflammation and fibrosis in experimental diversion colitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether butyrate or glutamine enemas could diminish inflammation in experimental diversion colitis.METHODS:Wistar specific pathogen-free rats were submitted to a Hartmann's end colostomy and treated with enemas containing glutamine,butyrate,or saline.Enemas were administered twice a week in the excluded segment of the colon from 4 to 12 wk after the surgical procedure.Follow-up colonoscopy was performed every 4 wk for 12 wk.The effect of treatment was evaluated using video-endoscopic and histologic scores and measuring interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and transforming growth factor beta production in organ cultures by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Colonoscopies of the diverted segment showed mucosa with hyperemia,increased number of vessels,bleeding and mucus discharge.Treatment with either glutamine or butyrate induced significant reductions in both colonoscopic(P < 0.02) and histological scores(P < 0.01) and restored the densities of collagen fibers in tissue(P = 0.015;P = 0.001),the number of goblet cells(P = 0.021;P = 0.029),and the rate of apoptosis within the epithelium(P = 0.043;P = 0.011) to normal values.The high levels of cytokines in colon explants from rats with diversion colitis significantly decreased to normal values after treatment with butyrate or glutamine.CONCLUSION:The improvement of experimental diversion colitis following glutamine or butyrate enemas highlights the importance of specific luminal nutrients in the homeostasis of the colonic mucosa and supports their utilization for the treatment of human diversion colitis. | Rodrigo Goulart Pacheco Christiano Costa Esposito Lucas CM Müller Morgana TL Castelo-Branco Leonardo Pereira Quintella Vera Lucia A Chagas Heitor Siffert P de Souza Alberto Schanaider | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 9 |
| 20 | The evolution of corneal and refractive surgery with the femtosecond laser显示文摘The use of femtosecond lasers has created an evolution in modern corneal and refractive surgery.With accuracy,safety,and repeatability,eye surgeons can utilize the femtosecond laser in almost all anterior refractive procedures;laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK),small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE),penetrating keratoplasty(PKP),insertion of intracorneal ring segments,anterior and posterior lamellar keratoplasty(Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty(DALK)and Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty(DSEK)),insertion of corneal inlays and cataract surgery.As the technology matures,it will push surgical limits and open new avenues for ophthalmic intervention in areas not yet explored.As we witness the transition from femto-LASIK to femto-cataract surgery it becomes obvious that this innovation is here to stay.This article presents some of the most relevant advances of femtosecond lasers to modern corneal and refractive surgery. | Antonis Aristeidou Elise V.Taniguchi Michael Tsatsos Rodrigo Muller Colm McAlinden Roberto Pineda Eleftherios I.Paschalis | 2015 | Eye and Vision2015，2，1： | 9 |
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