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| 1 | Thrips: Pests of Concern to China and the United States显示文摘Thrips are among the most important agricultural pests globally because of the damage inflicted by their oviposition, feeding, and ability to transmit plant viruses. Because of their invasiveness, a number of pest species are common to both China and the United States and present significant challenges to growers of a wide range of crops in both countries. Among the pest thrips common to both countries are four of the major global thrips pests, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, Thrips palmi Karny, and Thrips tabaci Lindeman. This review addresses characteristics that enable thrips to be such damaging pests and how biological attributes of thrips create challenges for their management. Despite these challenges, a number of successful management tactics have been developed for various cropping systems. We discuss some of these tactics that have been developed, including the use of cultural controls, biological controls, and judicious use of insecticides that do not disrupt overall pest management programs. The exchange of this type of information will help to facilitate management of pest thrips, especially in regions where species have recently invaded. A prime example is F. occidentalis, the western flower thrips, which is native to the United States, but has recently invaded China. Therefore, management tactics developed in the United States can be adapted to China. Because further success in management of thrips requires a thorough understanding of thrips ecology, we discuss areas of future research and emphasize the importance of collaboration among different countries to enhance our overall understanding of the biology and ecology of thrips and to improve management programs for these widespread pests. | Smart R Reitz GAO Yu-lin LEI Zhong-ren | 2011 | Agricultural Sciences in China2011,10,6: | 18 |
| 2 | The mRNA Expression Profiles of Five Heat Shock Protein Genes from Frankliniella occidentalis at Different Stages and Their Responses to Temperatures and Insecticides显示文摘The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande) is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein(HSP) genes(Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, Fo-HSP60, Fo-HSP40 and Fo-HSP28.9) were cloned from F. occidentalis, and their expression profiles were investigated under conditions of thermal stress and insecticide exposure, and at different stages during development, using real-time quantitative PCR. All five gene sequences showed high similarity to homologs in other species, indicating the conserved function of this gene family. HSP60 represents an informative phylogenetic marker at the ordinal taxonomic level within Insecta, but HSP90, which has two homologous copies in Hymenoptera, was not informative. T he expression of Fo-HSPs under thermal stress suggests that Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, and Fo-HSP28.9 are inducible by both cold and heat stress, Fo-HSP40 is only heat-inducible, and Fo-HSP60 is thermally insensitive. There were two patterns of cold induction of Fo-HSPs: one is from 0 to 4°C and the other is around-8°C. All five Fo-HSPs genes were induced by exposure to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide avermectin. The expression of the five Fo-HSPs during different developmental stages suggests that they all play a role in development of F. occidentalis. | WANG Hai-hong Stuart R Reitz WANG Li-xia WANG Shuai-yu LI Xue LEI Zhong-ren | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2014,13,10: | 10 |
| 3 | Modeling atomization processes in high pressure vaporizing sprays显示文摘 | Reitz R D | 1987 | Atomization and Spray Technology1987,,3: | 2 |
| 4 | Comparisons of Computed and Measured Premixed Charge Engine显示文摘 | Abraham J Bracco F V Reitz R D | 1985 | Combustion and Flame1985,60,3: | 1 |
| 5 | Response surface method optimization of a high speed direct-injection diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system显示文摘 | Lee T Reitz R D | 2003 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power2003,125,2: | 1 |
| 6 | An ignition and combustion model based on the level-set method for spark ignition engine mul- tidimensional modeling 显示文摘 | Tan Z C Reitz R D | 2006 | Combustion and Flame2006,145,1: | 1 |
| 7 | An analysis of the distortion and breakup mechanisms of high speed liquid drops显示文摘 | Liu Z Reitz R D | 1997 | International Journal of Multiphase Flow1997,23,: | 1 |
| 8 | Modeling spray atomization with the kelvin-helmholtz/rayleigh-taylor hybrid model 显示文摘 | Beale J C Reitz R D | 1999 | Atomization and Sprays1999,9,6: | 1 |
| 9 | Modeling atomization processes in high-pressure vaporizing sprays 显示文摘 | Reitz R D | 1987 | Atomisation SprayTechnology1987,3,4: | 1 |
| 10 | Development of an oil gallery cooling model for internal combustion engines considering the cocktail shaker effect显示文摘 | Yoshikawa T Reitz R D | 2009 | Numerical Heat Transfer: Part A Applications2009,56,7: | 1 |
| 11 | Mechanism of atomization of a liquid jet 显示文摘 | Bracco F V Reitz R D | 1982 | Physics of Fluids1982,25,10: | 1 |
| 12 | Development of a practical soot modeling approach and its application to low- temperature diesel combustion 显示文摘 | Vishwanathan G Reitz R | 2010 | Combustion Science and Technology2010,182,8: | 1 |
| 13 | Numerical Study of Premixed HCCI Engine Combustion and Its Sensitivity to Computational Mesh and Model Uncertainties 显示文摘 | Kong S C Reitz R D | 2003 | Combustion Theory and Modelling2003,7,4: | 1 |
| 14 | Meta-analysis of the Association between variants in SORL1 and Alzheimer disease显示文摘 | Reitz C Cheng R Rogaeva E | 2011 | Arch Neurol2011,68,1: | 1 |
| 15 | A Reduced Chemical Kinetic Model for IC Engine Combustion Simulations with Primary Reference Fuels 显示文摘 | RA Y R D REITZ | 2008 | Combustion and Flame2008,155,4: | 1 |
| 16 | Alzheimer disease: epidemiolo- gy, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers 显示文摘 | Reitz C Mayeux R | 2014 | Biochemical pharmacology2014,88,4: | 1 |
| 17 | Alzheimer disease: epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers 显示文摘 | Reitz C Mayeux R | 2014 | Bioehem Pharmacol2014,88,4: | 1 |
| 18 | Modeling the effects of oxygenated fuels and split injections on DI diesel engine performance and emissions 显示文摘 | Choi C Y Reitz R D | 2000 | Combustion Science and Technology2000,159,: | 1 |
| 19 | A vaporization model for discrete multi- component fuel sprays 显示文摘 | Ra Y Reitz R | 2009 | International Journal of Mul- tiphaseFlow2009,35,2: | 1 |
| 20 | An experimental investigation on the effect of post-injection strategies on combustion and emissions in the low-temperature diesel combustion regime显示文摘 | Yun H Reitz R | 2007 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power2007,129,1: | 1 |