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| 1 | Renewable energy based microgrid system sizing and energy management for green buildings显示文摘The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings,which is technically feasible and economically optimal.With a view to promote renewable energy sources,photovoltaics and wind turbines are integrated with the grid connected building.The system is modeled and the optimal system configuration is estimated with the help of hybrid optimization model for electric renewables(HOMER).The logic is illustrated with a case study based on the practical data of a building located in southern India.This building is associated with 3.4 MWh/day priority load(peak load as 422 kW),as well as 3.3 MWh/day deferrable load(peak load as 500 kW).Sensitivity analysis is performed to deal with uncertainties such as the increase in electricity consumption and grid tariff,environmental changes,etc.From the simulation result,it is observed that the designed system is cost effective and environment friendly,which leads to 6.18%annual cost savings and reduces CO_(2) emissions by 38.3%.Sensitivity results indicate that the system is optimal and adaptable in a certain range of unanticipated variances with respect to best estimated value.Finally,an energy management strategy is developed for the optimal system to ensure reliable power during contingency and disturbances.The green and hybrid power system designed can be adaptable to any critical and large consumers of urban buildings. | Y.V.PAVAN KUMAR Ravikumar BHIMASINGU | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，1： | 25 |
| 2 | Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of a mangrove plant Lumnitzera racemosa显示文摘Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant activity of Lumnitzera racemosa(L.racemosa)leaf extract.Methods:Animals in Group 1 served as vehicle control,Group 2 served as liepatoloxin(CCL_4 treated)group,Group 3 served as positive control(Silyinarin)group,and Group 4,5 and 6 served as(75,150 and 300 mg/kg bw p.o.)L.raremosa leaf extract treated groups.Moreover,in vitro antioxidant DPPH,hydroxyl radical scavenging activity(HRSA),NO,ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),lipid hydroperoxide(LPO)and super oxide dismutase(SOD)were also analyzed for the leaf extract.Results:The levels of the serum parameters such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SCOT),serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(SGPT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),bilirubin,cholesterol(CHL),sugar and lactate dehydrogenase(LDU)were significantly increased in CCL_4 treated rats when compared with the control group(P<0.05).But the L.racemosa leaf extract treated rats showed maximum reduction of SGOT[(210.36±19.63)IU/L],SGPT[(82.37±13.87)IU/L],ALP[(197.63±23.43)IU/L],bilurubin[(2.15±0.84)mg/dL],cholesterol[(163.83±15.63)mg/dL],sugar[(93.00±7.65)mg/dL]and LDH[(1134.00±285.00)IU/L]were observed with the high dose(300 mg/kg bw)of leaf extract treated rats.Histopathological scores showed that,no visible changes were observed with high dose(300 mg/kg bw)of leaf extract treated rats except few mild necrosis.The IC_(50)values were observed as(56.37±4.87)μg/mL,(57.68±1.98)μg/mL,(64.I5±2.90)μg/mL,(61.94±3.98)μg/mL,(94.53±1.68)μg/mL and(69.7±2.65)μg/mL for DPPH,HRSA,NO,FRAP,LPO and SOD radical scavenging activities,respectively.Conclusions:In conclusion,the hepatoprotective effect of the L.racemosa leaf extract might be due to the presence of phenolic groups,terpenoids and alkaloids and in vitro antioxidant properties. | Sundaram Ravikumar Murugesan Gnanadesigan | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 21 |
| 3 | Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-a increase stiffness and impair contractile function of articular chondrocytes显示文摘 | Cheng Chen JingXie Ravikumar Rajappa Linhong Deng Jeffrey Fredberg Liu Yang | 2015 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2015，47，2： | 13 |
| 4 | A Study on the Protective Effect of Cynodon dactylon Leaves Extract in Diabetic Rats显示文摘Objective To investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic efficacy of Cynodon dactylon in diabetic rats. Methods The experimental rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group I: control; Group II: Alloxan diabetic, untreated; and Group III: Alloxan diabetic treated with ethanolic extract of C. dactylon leaves (450 mg/kg bw). Experimental diabetes was induced by alloxan in a single dose of 150 mg/kg bw. Results A Significant diminution of fasting blood sugar level was observed and also significant increase in HDL and decrease (P<0.05) in cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL were observed after 15 days of treatment. The investigation also revealed, the activities of AST, ALT, ALP, AP, LDH, and CPK (P<0.05) were decreased in the extract‐supplemented group. The significant decrease in protein content and SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH (P<0.05) activity and increase in LPO in plasma were found to be ameliorated after treatment. Conclusion Our result supports the fact that administration of extract of C. dactylon leave is able to reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia risk and also reduced the oxidative stress in diabetic rats. | Karthik D Ravikumar S | 2011 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2011，24，2： | 10 |
| 5 | Influence of heat treatment on the machinability and corrosion behavior of AZ91 Mg alloy显示文摘In the present study,AZ91 Mg alloy was heat treated at 410℃ for 6,12 and 24 h to investigate the influence of heat treatment on machinability and corrosion behavior.The effect of soaking time on the amount and distribution of Mg 17 Al 12(β-phase)was analyzed under the optical microscope.Microhardness measurements demonstrated the increased hardness with increased heat treatment soaking time,which can be attributed to the solid solution strengthening.The influence of super saturatedα-grains on reducing the cutting force(F z)with respect to increased cutting speed was observed as prominent.The corrosion behavior of the heat treated specimens was studied by conducting electrochemical tests.Surprisingly,corrosion rate of heat treated samples was observed as increased compared with the base material.From the results,it is evident that the machinability of AZ91 Mg alloy can be improved by producing super saturatedα-grains through heat treatment but at the cost of losing corrosion resistance. | Swetha Chowdary V Ravikumar Dumpala Anand Kumar S Kondaiah VV Ratna Sunil B | 2018 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2018，6，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Magnesium based surface metal matrix composites by friction stir processing显示文摘Surface metal matrix composites(MMCs)are a group of modern engineered materials where the surface of the material is modified by dispersing secondary phase in the form of particles or fibers and the core of the material experience no change in chemical composition and structure.The potential applications of the surface MMCs can be found in automotive,aerospace,biomedical and power industries.Recently,friction stir processing(FSP)technique has been gaining wide popularity in producing surface composites in solid state itself.Magnesium and its alloys being difficult to process metals also have been successfully processed by FSP to fabricate surface MMCs.The aim of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive summary of state-of-the-art in fabricating magnesium based composites by FSP.Influence of the secondary phase particles and grain refinement resulted from FSP on the properties of these composites is also discussed. | B.Ratna Sunil G.Pradeep Kumar Reddy Hemendra Patle Ravikumar Dumpala | 2016 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2016，4，1： | 6 |
| 7 | Is there a role for arterial reconstruction in surgery for pancreatic cancer?显示文摘Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer. Locally advanced pancreatic cancer with vascular involvement remains a surgical challenge because high perioperative risk and the uncertainty of a survival benefit. Whilst portal vein resection has started to gather momentum because the perioperative morbidity and long term survival is comparable to standard pancreatectomy, there isn't yet a consensus on arterial resections. There have been various reports and case series of arterial resections in pancreatic cancer, with mixed survival results. Mollberg et al have appraised the heterogeneous published literature available on arterial resection in pancreatic cancer in an attempt to compare this to standard pancreatectomy. In this article, we discuss the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis, and the limitations associated with analysing results from heterogenous data. We have outlined the important features in surgery for pancreatic cancer and specifically to arterial resections, and compared arterial resections to the published literature on venous resections. | Reena Ravikumar David Holroyd Giuseppe Fusai | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2013，5，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Catalyzed Oxidation of Aldehydes and Alcohols显示文摘许多芳香,脂肪族、结合的醛和白酒在水里与70% t-BuOOH 答案在高收益与量的变换被转变到相应的羧基的酸和酉同类面对 ceric 铵硝酸盐的催化数量[ Ce ( NH4 ) 2 ( NO3 ) 6 ](罐头)在空间下面,温度调节。我们的催化系统的范围是适用的为大量芳香,结合并且脂肪族的底层。这些醛在合理时间在好孤立的收益被变换成相应的羧基的酸。自从它能与不能容忍的另外的功能的组一起被使用,这个方法拥有大量能力氧化调节,为病情的检查包含相当简单的方法,展出 chemoselectivity 并且在周围的条件下面继续。产生产品在合理时间以内在好收益被获得。 | Gowda, Ravikumar R. Chakraborty, Debashis | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2011，29，11： | 5 |
| 9 | Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by using mangrove plant extract and their potential mosquito larvicidal property显示文摘Objective:To identify the larvicidal activities of silver nano particles synthesised with Rhizophora mucronata(R.mucronata) leaf extract against the larvae of Aedes aegypti(Ae.aegypti) and Culex quinquefasciatus(Cx.quinquefasciatus).Methods:In vitro larvicidal activities such as LC50 and LC90 were assessed for the Ae.aegypti and Cx.quinquefasciatus larval species.Further, characterisation such as UV,XRD,FTIR and AFM analysis were carried out for the synthesised silver nano particles.Results:The LC50 value of the synthesised silver nano particle was identified as 0.585 and 0.891 mgg/L for Ae.aegypti and Cx.quinquefasciatus larvae respectively. Further,the LG90 values are also identified as 2.615 and 6.291 mg/L for Ae.aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus species respectively.The synthesised silver nanoparticles have maximum absorption at 420 nm with the average size of 60-95 nm.The XRD data showed 20 intense values with various degrees such as 37.10°,47.66°,63.97°and 70.01°.The FTIR data showed prominent peaks in(3 426.89,2 925.49,2 869.56,2 346.95,1 631.49,1 031.73,669.18 and 455.12) different ranges.Conclusions:The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with leaf aqueous extract of R. mucronata provides potential source for the larvicidal activity against mosquito borne diseases. | M Gnanadesigan M Anand S Ravikumar M Maruthupandy V Vijayakumar S Selvam M Dhineshkumar AK Kumaraguru | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，10： | 4 |
| 10 | Effect of Thickness of SnO_2:F over Layer on Certain Physical Properties of ZnO:Al Thin Films for Opto-electronic Applications显示文摘Bilayered FTO/AZO (fluorine doped tin oxide/aluminium doped zinc oxide) films were fabricated using a simple, cost effective spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles of bilayered films showed that in the case of lower thickness FTO over layers, (002) plane of ZnO phase had the highest intensity, whereas the predominance was changed in favour of (200) plane of SnO 2 phase for higher thickness FTO over layer. UV studies showed that bilayered FTO/AZO films exhibited a sharp absorption edge as that of AZO film. The decrease in the photoluminescence (PL) peak at 420 nm with increasing FTO over layer thickness indicated a reduction in the zinc vacancies which caused a reduction in the sheet resistance (R sh ). Electrical studies revealed that, eventhough the R sh value (916Ω /□ ) of bilayered FTO (313 nm)/AZO (314 nm) film was found to be higher than that of FTO single layer film (72Ω /□ ), it was much lower than that of AZO single layer film (5661 Ω/ □). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) images reflect the characteristic features of both zinc oxide and tin oxide films. | P. Ravikumar K. Ravichandran B. Sakthivel | 2012 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2012，28，11： | 4 |
| 11 | Hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of marine halophyte Luminetzera racemosa bark extract in CCL_4 induced hepatotoxicity显示文摘Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Luminetzera racemosa (L racemosa)bark extract.Methods:Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 groups:Group 1 served as control;Group 2 served as hepatotoxin(CCL4 treated) group;Group 3 served as positive control(Silymarin) treated groups;Group 4,5 and 6 served as(100,200 and 300 mg/kg bw p.o.) L racemosa bark extract treated groups.Moreover,in vitro antioxidant indexes,including DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity(HRSA),NO,ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),lipid hydroperoxide(LPO) and super oxide dismutase(SOD) were also analyzed in the bark extract. Results:The results suggested that,the level of serum glutamate oxyloacetic transaminase(SCOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(SGPT),alkaline phosphatise(ALP),bilurubin,cholesterol, sugar and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were significantly(P<0.05) increased in hepatotoxin treated rats when compared with the control group.But,the maximum reduction of SGOT[(225.36±13.65) IU/L],SGPT[(96.85±17.36) IU/L],ALP[(315.37±17.16) IU/L],bilirubin[(2.97±0.46) mg/dL], cholesterol[(163.73±17.54) mg/dL],sugar[(127.35±27.35) mg/dL]and LDH[(1 784.00±268.36) IU/L] were observed with 300 mg/kg bw of bark extract treated rats.Histopathological scores showed that,no visible changes were observed with high dose(300 mg/kg bw) of bark extract treated rats except mild fatty changes.The in vitro antioxidant assays showed that,the IC50 values were observed as(44.17±6.87)μ/mL,(42.45±2.81)μg/mL,(62.37±3.98)μg/mL,(54.24±3.09)μg/mL, (87.25±5.90)μg/mL and(71.54±5.42)μg/mL for DPPH.HRSA,NO,FRAP,LPO and SOD radical scavenging activities,respectively.Conclusions:The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the bark extract might be to the presence of unique chemical classes such as flavonoids, alkaloids and polyphenols. | Murugesan Gnanadesigan Sundaram Ravikumar Samuel Jacob Inbaneson | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，6： | 4 |
| 12 | Anticancer property of sediment actinomycetes against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines显示文摘Objective:To investigate the anticancer property of marine sediment actinomvceles against two different breast cancer cell lines.Methods:In vitro anticancer activity was carried out against breast(MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231)cancer cell lines.Partial sequences of the 16s rRNA gene,phylogenetic tree construction,multiple sequence analysis and secondary structure analysis were also carried out with the actinomycetes isolates.Results:Of the selected five actinomycete isolates,ACT01 and ACT02 showed the IC_(50)value with(10.13±0.92)and(22.34±5.82)μg/mL concentrations,respectively for MCF-7 cell line at 48 h,but ACT01 showed the minimum(18.54±2.49μg/mL)level of IC_(50)value with MDA-MB-231 cell line.Further,the 16s rRNA partial sequences of ACT01,ACT02,ACT03,ACT04 and ACT05 isolates were also deposited in NCBI data bank with the accession numbers of GQ478246,GQ478247,GQ478248,GQ478249 and GQ478250.respectively.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that,the isolates of ACT02 and ACT03 were represented in groupⅠandⅢ,respectively,but ACT01 and ACT02 were represented in groupⅡ.The multiple sequence alignment of the actinomycete isolates showed that,the maximum identical conserved regions were identified with the nucleotide regions of 125 to 221st base pairs,65 to 119th base pairs and 55,48 and 31st base pairs.Secondary structure prediction of the 16s rRNA showed that,the maximum free energy was consumed with ACT03 isolate(-45.4 kkal/mol)and the minimum free energy was consumed with ACT04 isolate(-57.6 kkal/mol).Conclusions:The actinomycete isolates of ACT01 and ACT02(GQ478246 and GQ478247)which are isolated from sediment sample can be further used as anticancer agents against breast cancer cell lines. | Ravikumar S Fredimoses M Gnanadesigan M | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，2： | 4 |
| 13 | An investigation on the hardness and corrosion behavior of MWCNT/Mg composites and grain refined Mg显示文摘In the present work,multi walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT)reinforced magnesium(Mg)matrix composite was fabricated by friction stir processing(FSP)with an aim to explore its mechanical and electrochemical behavior.Microstructural observations showed that the thickness of the produced composite layer was in the range of 2500μm.FSP resulted uniform distribution of CNT near the surface while agglomerated layers in the subsurface.Grain refinement of Mg achieved by FSP improved the hardness but significant enhancement in the hardness value was observed for FSPed MWCNT/Mg composites.Potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the increase in corrosion current density was observed for MWCNT/Mg composite compared with grain refined Mg and pure Mg,implying the significance of secondary phase(MWCNT)in decreasing the corrosion resistance of the composite. | N.Saikrishna G.Pradeep Kumar Reddy Balakrishnan Munirathinam Ravikumar Dumpala M.Jagannatham B.Ratna Sunil | 2018 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2018，6，1： | 4 |
| 14 | In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of traditional medicinal plant Ocimum species against Plasmodium falciparum显示文摘Objective:To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of Ocimum canum(O.canum),Ocimum sanctum(O.sanctum) and Ocimum basilicum (O.basilicum).Methods:The O.canum,O.sanctum and O.basilicum were collected from Ramanalhapuram District,Tamil Nadu and the extraction was carried out in ethanol.The filter sterilized extracts(100,30,23,12.5,6.23 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of O.canum,O.sanctum and O.basilicum were tested for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum).The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical constituents.Results:The leaf extract of O.sanctum showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC50 3538μg/mL) followed by leaf extract of O.basilicum(IC50 4341μg/mL). The leaf extract of O.canum,root extracts of O.sanctum and O.basilicum,the stem and flower extracts of all the three tested Ocimum species showed IC50 values between 50 and 100μg/mL Statistical analysis reveals that,significant antiplasmodial activity(P<0.01) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure.The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it shows that,there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of O.canum,O.sanctum and O.basilicum.The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids,phenols,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins,resins, steroids and tannins in the ethanolic extracts of tested plants.Conclusions:The ethanolic leaf extracts of O.sanctum possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs. | Samuel Jacob Inbaneson Sundaram Ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，2： | 3 |
| 15 | Inferior dislocation of the hip: a case series and litera- ture review显示文摘劣等的新潮的脱臼是在所有新潮的脱臼之中的最稀罕的类型。很少的案例在英语文学被报导了。大多数更早报导的案例包含小儿科的年龄组。没有单个案例系列能在英语文学被发现。我们与改变的年龄侧面遇到了劣等的新潮的脱臼的 4 个案例(范围 10 ~ 56 年,平均数 33.8 年) 。有这疾病的病人通常抱怨了疼痛并且使大腿弯曲并且诱拐。诊断能被表明腿节的长轴从平行关于脊骨在排列变化到一个角度的拍证实几乎 90 °
离开轴。在我们的系列,关门了减小在所有病人,在镇静下面的任何一个或一般麻醉是成功的。为 6 个星期的经期的皮拖拉他们在所有被使用,后续揭示了没有疼痛、稳定、活动的臀部。在这研究我们在场与讨论生产劣等的新潮的脱臼的各种各样的模式和机制的文学的评论一起的这些案例的细节。 | Sameer Aggarwal Vishal Kumar Kishan Ramachandra Bhagwat Vokkaleri Shankaranarayana Shashikanth Holalu Shankaralingegowda Ravikumar | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2012，15，5： | 2 |
| 16 | Secondary metabolite credentials ofEvolvulus alsinoides by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)显示文摘Plants and plant-based products are the bases of many modern pharmaceuticals that are current in use today for various diseases.The aim of the study was to investigate the biochemical constituents and high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) finger printing of the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.Phytochemical screening was done by standard procedures and HPTLC method was also established to analyze alkaloids,flavonoids and phenolic compounds from the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that ethanol extracted more secondary metabolites than other solvents.HPTLC fingerprinting analysis showed the presence of various alkaloids,flavonoids and phenols(quercetin) in the ethanolic extract.It can be concluded that Evolvulus alsinoides may serve as a source of potent antioxidants that may be used in the prevention of various diseases such as cancer,diabetes and cardiovascular diseases due to the presence of phenolic compounds.HPTLC finger print of Evolvulus alsinoides may be useful in the differentiation of the species from adulterants and act as a biochemical marker for this medicinally important plant in the pharmaceutical industry and plant systematic studies. | Duraisamy Gomathi Manokaran Kalaiselvi Ganesan Ravikumar Dominic Sophia Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan Chandrasekar Uma | 2012 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2012，26，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Joining of AZ91 Mg alloy and Al6063 alloy sheets by friction stir welding显示文摘In the present work,the effect of process parameters on joining of AZ91 Mg alloy and Al6063 aluminum alloy sheets during friction stir welding(FSP)was studied.A successful joint was achieved at 1100 r.p.m.tool rotational speed and 25 mm/min tool travel speed.Combination of tool rotational speed and tool travel speed has observed a profound effect on the material flow mechanisms at the nugget zone.From the microstructural studies,the joint formation was observed as mainly due to mechanical mixing of the materials.The level of metallurgical continuity at the nugget zone was observed as poor and a sharp interface at the joint was noticed.The microhardness measurements across the weld joint also revealed the lack of establishment of a perfect metallurgical bonding.X-ray diffraction analysis of weld zone showed presence of both magnesium and aluminum.Hence from the preliminary observations,it can be understood that the joining of AZ91 Mg alloy and Al6063 alloy can be achieved by FSP;however,complex issues in material mixing still need further investigations. | B.Lakshmana Prasad G.Neelaiah M.Gopi Krishna S.V.V.Ramana K.Sai Prakash G.Sarika G.Pradeep Kumar Reddy Ravikumar Dumpala B.Ratna Sunil | 2018 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2018，6，1： | 2 |
| 18 | In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of coastal medicinal plants along Palk Strait against Plasmodium falciparum显示文摘Objective:To identify the possible anliplasmodial compounds from Achyranlhes aspera(A. aspera).Acalypha indica(A.indica),Jatropha glandulifera(J.glanduUfera)and Phyllanlhus amarus(P.amarus).Methods:The A.aspera,A.indica,J.glandulifera and P.ainarus were collected along Palk Strait and the extraction was carried out in ethanol.The filter sterilized extracts(100,50,25,12.5,6.25 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of A aspera,A. indica,J.glandulifera and P.amarus were tested for anliplasmodial activity against Plasnuxlium falciparum.The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical constituents.Results: Of the selected plants species parts,the stem extract of A.indica showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC_(50)=43.81μg/mL) followed by stem extract of J.glandulifera(IC_(50)= 49.14μg/mL).The stem extract of A.aspera,leaf and root extracts of A.indka,leaf,root and seed extracts of J. glanduUfera and leaf and stem extracts of P.amarus showed IC_(50),values between 50 and 100 μg/ mL.Statistical analysis revealed that,significant antiplasmodial activity(P<0.0l) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure.The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it showed that there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the elhanolic extract of all the tested plant extracts.The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids.phenols,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins, and lannins in the elhanolic extracts of tested plants.Conclusions:The elhanolic stem extracts of P.amarus and J.glandulifera possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs. | Samuel Jacob Inbaneson Sundaram Ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，5： | 2 |
| 19 | In vitro antiplasmodial activity of Spiro benzofuran compound from mangrove plant of Southern India显示文摘Objective:To find out the in vitro antipalsmodial activities of mangrove leaf extracts.Methods: In vitro antiplasmodial assay was carried out with 13 different mangrove plants.Column chromatography was performed with the most potent Agecerious corniculatum(A.corniculatum) by using various solvent extractions.GC-MS was also preformed with the most potent ethanolic fraction of the A.corniculatum extract.Results:Of the 13 mangroves plants, A.corniculatum showed maximum percentage of parasitemia suppression(94.98±1.16)%.Column chromatography was performed with A.corniculatum with different solvents and the methanolic extract showed maximum percentage(99.73±1.63)%of parasitemia inhibition at 150μg/mL concentration with the IC50 value of(29.28±3.23)μg/mL concentration.The results of the GC-MS analysis observed that,the most potent methanolic extract showed maximum retention time(30.687 RT) and the chemical class was identified as Spiro[benzofuran-2(3 H),1’-(3 cyclohexane)-2’,3- dione,7-chloro-4’,6]which was responsible for the antiplasmodial activity.Conclusions:It is concluded from the present study that,the chemical constituents of A.corniculatum collected from Pichavaram mangrove forest can be used as a putative antiplasmodial drugs in future. | Sundaram Ravikumar Ganesan Ramanathan Murugesan Gnanadesigan | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，5： | 2 |
| 20 | Beyond tele-substitution: disaggregate longitudinal structural equations modeling of communication impacts显示文摘 | Patricia L. Mokhtarian Ravikumar Meenakshisundaram | 1999 | Transportation Research Part C1999，，1： | 2 |
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