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| 1 | Antibiotic prophylaxis in variceal hemorrhage:Timing,effectiveness and Clostridium difficile rates显示文摘AIM:To investigate if antibiotics administered within 8 h of endoscopy reduce mortality or increase the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection(CDI).METHODS:A 2-year retrospective analysis of all patients who presented with first variceal hemorrhage was undertaken.The primary outcome measure was 28-d mortality.Secondary outcome measures were 28-d rebleeding rates and 28-d incidence of CDI.All patients were admitted to a tertiary liver unit with a consultantled,24-h endoscopy service.Patients received standard care including terlipressin therapy.Data collection included:primary and secondary outcome measures,timing of first administration of intravenous antibiotics,eti-ology of liver disease,demographics,endoscopy details and complications.A prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of CDI in the study population and general medical inpatients admitted for antibiotic therapy of at least 5 d duration.Statistical analysis was undertaken using univariate,non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS:There were 70 first presentations of variceal hemorrhage during the study period.Seventy percent of cases were male and 65.7% were due to chronic alcoholic liver disease.In total,64/70(91.4%) patients received antibiotics as prophylaxis during their admission.Specifically,53/70(75.7%) received antibiotics either before endoscopy or within 8 h of endoscopy [peri-endoscopy(8 h) group],whereas 17/70(24.3%) received antibiotics at > 8 h after endoscopy or not at all(non peri-endoscopy group).Overall mortality and rebleeding rates were 13/70(18.6%) and 14/70(20%),respectively.The periendoscopy(8 h) group was significantly less likely to die compared with the non peri-endoscopy group [13.2% vs 35.3%,P = 0.04,odds ratio(OR) = 0.28(0.078-0.997)] and showed a trend towards reduced rebleeding [17.0% vs 29.4%,P = 0.27,OR = 0.49(0.14-1.74)].On univariate analysis,the non peri-endoscopy group [P = 0.02,OR = 3.58(1.00-12.81)],higher model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) score(P = 0.02),presence of hepatorenal syndrome [P < 0.01,OR = 11.25(2.24-56.42)] and suffering a clinical episode of sepsis [P = 0.03,OR = 4.03(1.11-14.58)] were significant predictors of death at 28 d.On multivariate logistic regression analysis,lower MELD score [P = 0.01,OR = 1.16(1.04-1.28)] and periendoscopy(8 h) group [P = 0.01,OR = 0.15(0.03-0.68)] were independent predictors of survival at 28 d.The CDI incidence(5.7%) was comparable to that in the general medical population(5%).CONCLUSION:Antibiotics administered up to 8 h following endoscopy were associated with improved survival at 28 d.CDI incidence was comparable to that in other patient groups. | Matthew RL Brown Graeme Jones Kathryn L Nash Mark Wright Indra Neil Guha | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，42： | 13 |
| 2 | Proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells in the cortex and the subventricular zone in the adult rat after focal cerebral ischemia显示文摘 | Zhang RL Zhang ZG Zhang L | 2001 | Neuroscience2001，105，： | 2 |
| 3 | 老年高血压患者服用别嘌呤醇后血压的变化显示文摘尿酸可降低青少年血压,表明其在高血压发生发展的病理生理过程中可能起到直接的作用。但是其在老年人高血压中是否扮演同样的角色尚不清楚。该研究通过分析英国临床实践研究数据库的资料,以确定服用别嘌呤醇后血压的改变。方法:纳入〉65岁的使用别嘌呤醇治疗、且有治疗前和治疗时血压读数记录的高血压患者。同时纳入具有可比性的人群作为对照。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Beattie CJ Fulton RL Higgins P Padmanabhan S McCallum L Walters MR Dominiczak AF Touyz RM Dawson J | 2014 | 中华高血压杂志2014，22，10： | 2 |
| 4 | Immuohistochemical analysis of centromere protein F expression in buccal and gingival squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘 | Esguerra RL Jia L Kaneko T | 2004 | Pathol Int2004，54，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Clinical and Neuroradiographic Manifestations of Eastern Equine Encephalitis显示文摘 | Deresiewicz RL Thaler SJ Hsu L | 1997 | New Engl J Med(S0028-4793)1997，336，26： | 1 |
| 6 | Scanometric DNA Array Detection with Nanoparticle Probes显示文摘 | CA M RL L | 2000 | Science2000，289，5485： | 1 |
| 7 | Proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells in the cortex and the subventricular zone in the adult rat after focal cerebral ischemia显示文摘 | Zhang ZG Zhang L | 2001 | Neuroscience2001，105，： | 1 |
| 8 | Proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells in the cortex and the subventricular zone in the adult rat after focal cerebral ischemia显示文摘 | Zhang RL Zhang ZG Zhang L | 2001 | Neurosci2001，105，： | 1 |
| 9 | E2F -4, a new member of the E2F gene family, has oncogenic activity and associates with p107 in vivo显示文摘 | Beijersbergen RL Kerkhoven RM Zhu L | 1994 | Genes Dev1994，8，22： | 1 |
| 10 | Oral contraceptives suppress cell proliferation and enhance apoptosis of eutopic endometrial tissue from patients with endometriosis显示文摘 | Meresman GF Auge L Baranao RL | 2002 | Fertil Steril2002，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Necrotizing enterocolitis : An update 显示文摘 | Berman L Moss RL | 2011 | Semin Fetal Neonatal Med2011，16，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 secreted by erythropoietin-activated endothelial cells promote neural progenitor cell migration 显示文摘 | Wang L Zhang ZG Zhang RL | 2006 | J Neurosci2006，26，： | 1 |
| 13 | Use of coronary Palmaz-Sehatz stent in the pereutaneous treatment of an intracranial carotid artery stenosis显示文摘 | Feldman RL Trigg L Gaudier J | 1996 | Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn1996，38，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Multiple system organ failure: the role of uncontrolled infection显示文摘 | Fry DE Pearlstein L Fulton RL | 1980 | Arch Surg1980，115，： | 1 |
| 15 | Hepatitis B virus X protein activates the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in dedifferentiated hepatocytes 显示文摘 | Tarn C Zou L Hullinger RL | 2002 | J Viros2002，76，19： | 1 |
| 16 | Three-dimensional Measurement of Cerebral Microvascular Piasma Perfusion, Glial Fibrillary Acedic Protein and Microtubule Associated Protein-2 Immuni- Reactivity after Embolic Stroke in Rats: A Double Fluorescent Labeled Laser-Scanning Confocal Microscopic Study显示文摘 | ZHANG ZG BOWER L ZHANG RL | 1999 | Brain Res(S0006-8993)1999，844，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Esthesioneuroepitheliome offactif显示文摘 | Berger L Luc RL | 1924 | Bull Cancer(Paris)1924，13，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Risks and benefits of omega 3 fats for mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: sys- tematic review 显示文摘 | Hooper L Thompson RL Harrison RA | 2006 | BMJ2006，332，7544： | 1 |
| 19 | A novel reconstructive technique after endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches:vascular pedicle nasoseptal flap显示文摘 | Hadad G Bassagasteguy L Carrau RL | 2006 | Laryngoscope2006，116，10： | 1 |
| 20 | High- resolution diffusion-weighted imaging for monitoring breast cancer treatment response显示文摘 | Wilmes L J McLaughlin RL Newitt DC | 2013 | Acad Radiol2013，20，5： | 1 |
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