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| 1 | 免疫鸡产生IgY抗体的技术显示文摘IgY技术正在成为生物技术领域和医药研究中的新热点 ,并且越来越得到国内同仁的重视。因为卵黄抗体 (IgY)化学性质稳定 ,产量高、成本低 ,以及动物种系距离的优势 ,更适于生产特异性抗体 ,具有开发功能性食品和新药的潜能。作为系列介绍的第二部分 ,本文详细介绍和探讨免疫鸡产生IgY抗体技术的主要技术环节和实践应用方面的具体信息 ,包括动物饲养 ,对鸡的免疫 ,抗体特性 ,IgY提取技术 ,鸡单克隆抗体的制备等方面。 | 张小莺 郑礼 Rüdiger Schade Horacio Raul Terzolo Hanibal Pablo Chacana Joanna Porankiewicz-Asplund | 2004 | 中国药理学通报2004，20，10： | 19 |
| 2 | 腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃分流术治疗病态性肥胖合并2型糖尿病显示文摘目的评价腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃分流术(LRYGB)对病态性肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者的治疗效果,探讨该术式治疗糖尿病的可能机制。方法前瞻性分析2007年1月至7月美国克利夫兰医院30例体质量指数(BMI)≥35.00合并2型糖尿病的病态性肥胖患者的临床资料,采用t检验分析患者接受LRYGB后的疗效。结果与术前比较,术后第6个月的BMI、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白明显降低(t=27.399,23.025,15.593,P〈0.05)。第2个月治愈率为70%(21/30),第6个月治愈率为90%(27/30),3例糖尿病症状得到改善。进一步分析术后第2个月和第6个月体质量下降程度,改善患者分别为27.89%±5.51%、45.73%±2.82%,治愈患者分别为35.65%±1.97%、58.00%±1.05%,糖尿病治愈患者比改善患者下降幅度大(t=5.755,7.081,P〈0.05)。结论LRYGB对病态性肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者有着良好治疗效果,体质量下降幅度越大,糖尿病治愈可能性就越大。 | 李心翔 郑成竹 Raul J.Rosental | 2009 | 中华消化外科杂志2009，8，1： | 17 |
| 3 | Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress act in concert to promote neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina and optic nerve:galectin-3 participation显示文摘Diabetes is a lifelong disease characterized by glucose metabolic imbalance,in which low insulin levels or impaired insulin signaling lead to hyperglycemic state.Within 20 years of diabetes progression,95%of patients will have diabetic retinopathy,the leading cause of visual defects in working-age people worldwide.Although diabetes is considered a microvascular disease,recent studies have shown that neurodegeneration precedes vascular changes within the diabetic visual system,albeit its mechanisms are still under investigation.Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are intrinsically related phenomena,since macrophage/microglia and astrocytes are the main sources of reactive oxygen species during central nervous system chronic degenerative diseases,and both pathological processes are increased in the visual system during diabetes.The present review will focus on recent findings of the contribution of oxidative stress derived from neuroinflammation in the early neurodegenerative aspects of the diabetic visual system and their relationship with galectin-3. | Henrique Rocha Mendonca Raul Carpi-Santos Karin da Costa Calaza Ana Maria Blanco Martinez | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，4： | 16 |
| 4 | Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease显示文摘Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) is a common disease with a prevalence as high as 10%-20% in the western world. The disease can manifest in various symptoms which can be grouped into typical,atypi-cal and extra-esophageal symptoms. Those with the highest specificity for GERD are acid regurgitation and heartburn. In the absence of alarm symptoms,these symptoms can allow one to make a presumptive diagnosis and initiate empiric therapy. In certain situations,further diagnostic testing is needed to confirm the diagnosis as well as to assess for complications or alternate causes for the symptoms. GERD complications include erosive esophagitis,peptic stricture,Barrett's esophagus,esophageal adenocarcinoma and pulmonary disease. Management of GERD may involve lifestyle modification,medical therapy and surgical therapy. Life-style modifications including weight loss and/or head of bed elevation have been shown to improve esophageal pH and/or GERD symptoms. Medical therapy involves acid suppression which can be achieved with antacids,histamine-receptor antagonists or proton-pump inhibitors. Whereas most patients can be effectively managed with medical therapy,others may go on to require anti-reflux surgery after undergoing a proper pre-operative evaluation. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current approach to the diagnosis and treatment of gas-troesophageal reflux disease. | Raul Badillo Dawn Francis | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2014，5，3： | 14 |
| 5 | Regression of cirrhosis during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B: a 5-year open-label follow-up study显示文摘 | Patrick Marcellin Edward Gane Maria Buti Nezam Afdhal William Sievert Ira M Jacobson Mary Kay Washington George Germanidis John F Flaherty Raul Aguilar Schall Jeffrey D Bornstein Kathryn M Kitrinos G Mani Subramanian John G McHutchison E Jenny Heathcote | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，： | 14 |
| 6 | Immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in primary gastric carcinomas and lymph node metastases显示文摘AIM: To evaluate immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in primary gastric carcinomas and respective lymph node metastases. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry to analyze COX-2 expression was performed on tissue microarray slices obtained from 36 specimens of gastrectomy and satellite lymph nodes from patients with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: Immunostaining was seen in most cases, and COX-2 expression was higher in lymph node me-tastases than in corresponding primary gastric tumors of intestinal, diffuse and mixed carcinomas, with a statistically signif icant difference in the diffuse histotype (P = 0.0108). CONCLUSION: COX-2 immunoexpression occurs frequently in primary gastric carcinomas, but higher expression of this enzyme is observed in lymph node metastases of the diffuse histotype. | Paulo RC Almeida Francisco VA Ferreira Cássio C Santos Francisco D Rocha-Filho Raul RP Feitosa Esther AA Falco Belise K Cavada Roberto CP Lima-Júnior Ronaldo A Ribeiro | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，8： | 14 |
| 7 | Clostridium difficile and inflammatory bowel disease: Role in pathogenesis and implications in treatment显示文摘Clostridium difficile(C.difficile)is the leading cause of antibiotic associated colitis and nosocomial diarrhea.Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are at increased risk of developing C.difficile infection(CDI),have worse outcomes of CDI-including higher rates of colectomy and death,and experience higher rates of recurrence.However,it is still not clear whether C.difficile is a cause of IBD or a consequence of the inflammatory state in the intestinal environment.The burden of CDI has increased dramatically over the past decade,with severe outbreaks described in many countries,which have been attributed to a new and more virulent strain.A parallel rise in the incidence of CDI has been noted in patients with IBD.IBD patients with CDI tend be younger,have less prior antibiotic exposure,and most cases of CDI in these patients represent outpatient acquired infections.The clinical presentation of CDI in these patients can be unique-including diversion colitis,enteritis and pouchitis,and typical findings on colonoscopy are often absent.Due to the high prevalence of CDI in patients hospitalized with an IBD exacerbation,and the prognostic implications of CDI in these patients,it is recommended to test all IBD patients hospitalized with a disease flare for C.difficile.Treatment includes general measures such as supportive care and infection control measures.Antibiotic therapy with either oral metronidazole,vancomycin,or the novel antibiotic-fidaxomicin,should be initiated as soon as possible.Fecal macrobiota transplantation constitutes another optional treatment for severe/recurrent CDI.The aim of this paper is to review recent data on CDI in IBD:role in pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,optional treatments,and outcomes of these patients. | Orna Nitzan Mazen Elias Bibiana Chazan Raul Raz Walid Saliba | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，43： | 12 |
| 8 | Evaluation of VEGF gene polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Mexican population显示文摘● AIM: To assess if the included vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) polymorphisms rs3025035, rs3025021 and rs2010963 are associated to proliferative retinopathy in a Mexican population with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).● METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in adult individuals with T2 DM associated to proliferative retinopathy or non-proliferative retinopathy from Oct. 2014 to Jun. 2015 from the Retina Department of the Asociation to Prevent Blindness in Mexico. The selected patients were adults with a diagnosis of T2 DM ≥5y. All subjects had a comprehensive ocular examination and the classification of the retinopathy severity was made considering the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS) standardization protocols. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole fresh blood. All samples were genotyped by q PCR for selected VEGF polymorphisms. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by comparing Chi-square values between the expected and the observed values for genotype counts.● RESULTS: In total 142 individuals were enrolled, 71 individuals with T2 DM and associated proliferative retinopathy and 71 individuals with non-proliferative retinopathy. One-sided Fisher's exact test was performed for rs3025021[OR(95% CI)=0.44(0.08-2.2); P=0.25] and rs2010963 [OR(95% CI)=0.63(0.25-1.6); P=0.23]. The minor allelic frequencies obtained were 26% for rs3025021, 10% for rs3025035 and 61% for rs2010963. The pairwise linkage disequilibrium between the three SNP was assessed, and was as follows: rs3025021 vs rs3025035: D'=1.0, r^2=0.1043, P≤0.0001; rs3025021 vs rs2010963: D'=0.442, r^2=0.0446, P=0.149; rs3025035 vs rs2010963: D'=0.505, r^2=0.0214, P=0.142.● CONCLUSION: This is the first analysis involving VEGFA polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a Mexican population. A major finding of the present study is that none of the polymorphisms studied was significantly associated with proliferative retinopathy. Based on these results, we can infer that different populations have different associations for the same polymorphisms. | Roberto Gonzalez-Salinas Maria C Garcia-Gutierrez Gerardo Garcia-Aguirre Virgilio Morales-Canton Raul Velez-Montoya Vidal R Soberon-Ventura Victoria Gonzalez Rodrigo Lechuga Pablo Garcia-Solis David G Garcia-Gutierrez Marco Vinicio Garcia-Solis Manuel Saenz de Viteri Juan C Solis-S | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，1： | 12 |
| 9 | Membrane Trafficking in Plant Immunity显示文摘植物采用复杂机制与病原以及有益的微生物交往。那些,膜 trafficking 在建立快速、精确的回答是关键的。在和病原的微生物的相互作用之上,当房间墙部件,抗菌剂混合物,和防卫蛋白质通过极化的分泌物被送到病原体侵略地点时,表面局部性的有免疫力的受体为信号 transduction 和活动规定经历 endocytosis。支撑 mutualistic 协会,也招待房间改编提供共生微生物的侵略结构的膜 trafficking 系统。这里,我们在理解角色提供最近的进展的分析能分泌并且在植物免疫者激活的 endocytic 膜 trafficking 小径。我们也讨论改编微生物部署操作这些小径破坏或禁止植物防卫的策略。 | Yangnan Gu Raul Zavaliev Xinnian Dong | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，8： | 9 |
| 10 | One hundred and seventy-eight consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies without mortality:role of the multidisciplinary approach显示文摘BACKGROUND:Pancreatoduodenectomy offers the only chance of cure for patients with periampullary cancers.This,however,is a major undertaking in most patients and is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality.A multidisciplinary approach to the workup and follow-up of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy was initiated at our institution to improve the diagnosis,resection rate,mortality and morbidity.We undertook the study to assess the effect of this approach on diagnosis,resection rates and short-term outcomes such as morbidity and mortality.METHODS:A prospective database of patients presenting with periampullary cancers to a single surgeon between April 2004 and April 2010 was reviewed.All cases were discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting comprising surgeons,gastroenterologists,radiologists,oncologists,radiation oncologists,pathologists and nursing staff.A standardized investigation and management algorithm was followed.Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.RESULTS:A total of 295 patients with a periampullary lesion were discussed and 178 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (resection rate 60%).Sixty-one patients (34%) required either a vascular or an additional organ resection.Eighty-nine patients experienced complications,of which the commonest was blood transfusion (12%).Thirty-four patients (19%) had major complications,i.e.grade 3 or above.There was no in-hospital,30-day or 60-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Pancreatoduodenectomy can safely be performed in high-volume centers with very low mortality.The surgeon's role should be careful patient selection,intensive preoperative investigations,use of a team approach,and an unbiased discussion at a multidisciplinary meeting to optimize the outcome in these patients. | Jaswinder S Samra Raul Alvarado Bachmann Julian Choi Anthony Gill Michael Neale Vikram Puttaswamy Cameron Bell Ian Norton Sarah Cho Steven Blome Ritchie Maher Sivakumar Gananadha Thomas J Hugh | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，4： | 8 |
| 11 | Renal sympathetic nervous system and the effects of denervation on renal arteries显示文摘Resistant hypertension is associated with chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system resulting in various comorbidities. The prevalence of resistant hypertension is often under estimated due to various reasons. Activation of sympathetic nervous system at the renal-as well as systemic-level contributes to the increased level of catecholamines and resulting increase in the blood pressure. This increased activity was demonstrated by increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity and renal and total body noradrenaline spillover. Apart from the hypertension, it is hypothesized to be associated with insulin resistance, congestive heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea. Renal denervation is a novel procedure where the sympathetic afferent and efferent activity is reduced by various techniques and has been used successfully to treat drug-resistant hypertension improvement of various metabolic derangements.Renal denervation has the unique advantage of offering the denervation at the renal level, thus mitigating the systemic side effects. Renal denervation can be done by various techniques including radiofrequency ablation, ultrasound guided ablation and chemical ablation. Various trials evaluated the role of renal denervation in the management of resistant hypertension and have found promising results. More studies are underway to evaluate the role of renal denervation in patients presenting with resistant hypertension in different scenarios. Appropriate patient selection might be the key in determining the effectiveness of the procedure. | Arun Kannan Raul Ivan Medina Nagapradeep Nagajothi Saravanan Balamuthusamy | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，8： | 8 |
| 12 | 镍钛合金加压吻合技术应用于腹腔镜胃肠吻合的临床研究显示文摘目的评价一种新型的腹腔镜镍钛记忆合金加压吻合夹(LapCAC)进行胃肠吻合的安全性及有效性。方法2007年3月,对l例行全胃切除术和2例行远端胃大部切除术的胃癌患者,使用LapCAC进行Roux-en-Y空肠-空肠侧侧吻合和胃肠吻合;术后观察有无发生与胃肠吻合相关的并发症,并观察肠道恢复排气时间及LapCAC的排出时间。结果患者术后均未出现与吻合相关的吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄及肠梗阻等并发症,术后肠道排气、排便均无异常。LapCAC均于术后12~18d排出体外。结论应用LapCAC进行腹腔镜胃肠吻合安全、可靠。 | 李心翔 郑成竹 印慨 蔡景理 Rosenthal Raul J | 2008 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2008，11，3： | 8 |
| 13 | 商用车涂料为水性聚氨酯涂料拓展更广泛的应用领域显示文摘随着环保重要性的不断增加以及法规压力的不断加大,西欧地区形成了各种低排放交通工具涂料的概念。本文着重介绍了双组分水性聚氨酯体系的应用情况,以及相关的原材料、技术和原理。 | Raul Pires Jorg Schmitz Christoph Irle Michael Bulanov 张之涵 李金旗 | 2009 | 涂料工业2009，39，7： | 6 |
| 14 | Stem cell therapy in the management of shoulder rotator cuff disorders显示文摘Rotator cuff tears are frequent shoulder problems that are usually dealt with surgical repair. Despite improved surgical techniques, the tendon-to-bone healing rate is unsatisfactory due to difficulties in restoring the delicate transitional tissue between bone and tendon. It is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms that determine this failure. The study of the molecular environment during embryogenesis and during normal healing after injury is key in devising strategies to get a successful repair. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) can differentiate into different mesodermal tissues and have a strong paracrine, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory and angiogenic potential. Stem cell therapy is thus a potentially effective therapy to enhance rotator cuff healing. Promising results have been reported with the use of autologous MSC of different origins in animal studies: they have shown to have better healing properties, increasing the amount of fibrocartilage formation and improving the orientation of fibrocartilage fibers with less immunologic response and reduced lymphocyte infiltration. All these changes lead to an increase in biomechanical strength. However, animal research is still inconclusive and more experimental studies are needed before human application. Future directions include expanded stem cell therapy in combination with growth factors or different scaffolds as well as new stem cell types and gene therapy. | Maria Valencia Mora Miguel A Ruiz Ibán Jorge Díaz Heredia Raul Barco Laakso Ricardo Cuéllar Mariano García Arranz | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，4： | 6 |
| 15 | Use of antibiotic-loaded cement in total knee arthroplasty显示文摘Bone cement has the capacity to release antibiotic molecules if any antibiotic is included in it, and these elution properties are improved as cement porosity is increased. In vitro studies have shown high local antibiotic concentration for many hours or few days after its use. Antibiotic loaded bone cement(ALBC) is helpful when treating an infection in total knee arthroplasty(TKA) revision surgery. The purpose of this paper was to review the evidence for the routine use of ALBC in TKA in the literature, its pros and cons. Many authors have recommended the use of ALBC also in primary TKA for infection prophylaxis, but the evidence based on data from National Registries, randomized clinical trials and meta-analysis suggest a protective effect of ALBC against infection when used in hips, but not(or only mild) in knees. A possible explanation to this finding is that the duration and quantity of locally elevated antibiotic levels after surgery are smaller in TKA, due to the smaller amount of cement used for fixation in TKA-only a layer in the bone surface. There are some concerns about the routine use of ALBC in primary TKA as prophylaxis against infection: Firstly, there is a risk of hypersensivity or toxicity even when the chance is highly improbable. Secondly, there is a reduction in the mechanical properties of the cement, but this can be probably neglected if the antibiotic is used in low doses, not more than 1 g per 40 g cement package. Another significant concern is the increased economic cost, which could be overlooked if there were enough savings in treating fewer prosthetic infections. Finally, there is also a risk of selection of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria and this could be the main concern. If used, the choice of the antibiotic mixed in ALBC should consider microbiological aspects(broad antimicrobial spectrum and low rate of resistant bacteria), physical and chemical aspects(thermal stability, high water solubility), pharmacological characteristics(low risk to allergic reactions or toxicity) and economic aspects(not too expensive). The most commonly used antibiotics in ALBC are gentamicin, tobramycin and vancomycin. In conclusion, there is a paucity of randomized clinical trials in the use of ALBC in primary TKAs and the actual evidence of the effect of ALBC in reducing the risk of infection is insufficient. This, in addition to concerns about patient safety, risks of increase in the antibiotic resistance of microorganisms and the increase in costs in the procedure, lead us to recommend a cautious use of ALBC, perhaps only in high-risk patients(immunocompromised, morbidly obese, diabetic and patients with previous history of fracture or infection around the knee) unless the benefits of ALBC use were fully proven. Meanwhile, the rigorous use of peri-operative prophylactic systemic antibiotics and adoption of efficient antiseptic procedures and improved surgical techniques must be considered the gold standard in infection prevention in TKA surgery. | Pedro Hinarejos Pau Guirro Lluis Puig-Verdie Raul Torres-Claramunt Joan Leal-Blanquet Juan Sanchez-Soler Joan Carles Monllau | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，11： | 5 |
| 16 | Transcatheter aortic valve implantation:Current status and future perspectives显示文摘Although surgical aortic valve replacement is the standard therapy for severe aortic stenosis(AS),about one third of patients are considered inoperable due to unacceptable surgical risk.Under medical treatment alone these patients have a very poor prognosis with a mortality rate of 50%at 2 years.Transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI)has been used in these patients,and has shown robust results in the only randomized clinical trial of severe AS treatment performed so far.In this review,we will focus on the two commercially available systems:Edwards SAPIEN valve and CoreValve Revalving system.Both systems have demonstrated success rates of over 90%with 30-d mortality rates below 10%in the most recent transfemoral TAVI studies.Moreover,long-term studies have shown that the valves have good haemodynamic performance.Some studies are currently exploring the non-inferiority of TAVI procedures vs conventional surgery in high-risk patients,and long-term clinical results of the percutaneous valves.In this article we review the current status of TAVI including selection of patients,a comparison of available prostheses,results and complications of the procedure,clinical outcomes,and future perspectives. | Pablo Salinas Raul Moreno Jose L Lopez-Sendon | 2011 | World Journal of Cardiology2011，3，6： | 5 |
| 17 | High mobility group protein-mediated transcription requires DNA damage marker γ-H2AX显示文摘 | Indrabahadur Singh Nihan Ozturk Julio Cordero Aditi Mehta Diya Hasan Claudia Cosentino Carlos Sebastian Marcus Kruger Mario Looso Gianni Carraro Saverio Bellusci Werner Seeger Thomas Braun Raul Mostoslavsky Guillermo Barreto | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，7： | 5 |
| 18 | 2010女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎临床治疗指南(摘译)显示文摘美国感染病学会、欧洲临床微生物与感染病学会共同组织专家对1999年美国感染病学会单纯性尿路感染的指南进行了更新。2010指南更新的重点是治疗女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎,仅适用于无已知尿道畸形或合并症的绝经前及未妊娠的女性患者。作者就指南的主要内容进行摘译。 | 刘辉(译) 刘树元(译) kalpana gupta thomas m.hooton richard colgan loren g.miller gregory j.moran anthony j.schaeffer david e.soper lindsay e.nicolle kurt g.naber bjorn wullt raul raz | 2016 | 转化医学杂志2016，5，2： | 4 |
| 19 | Herb-induced liver injury: Systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The use of herbal supplements and alternative medicines has been increasing in the last decades.Despite popular belief that the consumption of natural products is harmless,herbs might cause injury to various organs,particularly to the liver,which is responsible for their metabolism in the form of herb-induced liver injury(HILI).AIM To identify herbal products associated with HILI and describe the type of lesion associated with each product.METHODS Studies were retrieved using Medical Subject Headings Descriptors combined with Boolean operators.Searches were run on the electronic databases Scopus,Web of Science,MEDLINE,BIREME,LILACS,Cochrane Library for Systematic Reviews,SciELO,Embase,and Opengray.eu.Languages were restricted to English,Spanish,and Portuguese.There was no date of publication restrictions.The reference lists of the studies retrieved were searched manually.To access causality,the Maria and Victorino System of Causality Assessment in Drug Induced Liver Injury was used.Simple descriptive analysis were used to summarize the results.RESULTS The search strategy retrieved 5918 references.In the final analysis,446 references were included,with a total of 936 cases reported.We found 79 types of herbs or herbal compounds related to HILI.He-Shou-Wu,Green tea extract,Herbalife,kava kava,Greater celandine,multiple herbs,germander,hydroxycut,skullcap,kratom,Gynura segetum,garcinia cambogia,ma huang,chaparral,senna,and aloe vera were the most common supplements with HILI reported.Most of these patients had complete clinical recovery(82.8%).However,liver transplantation was necessary for 6.6%of these cases.Also,chronic liver disease and death were observed in 1.5%and 10.4%of the cases,respectively.CONCLUSION HILI is normally associated with a good prognosis,once the implied product is withdrawn.Nevertheless,it is paramount to raise awareness in the medical and non-medical community of the risks of the indiscriminate use of herbal products. | Vinícius Remus Ballotin Lucas Goldmann Bigarella Ajacio Bandeira de Mello Brandão Raul Angelo Balbinot Silvana Sartori Balbinot Jonathan Soldera | 2021 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2021，9，20： | 4 |
| 20 | Application of artificial intelligence to forecast hydrocarbon production from shales显示文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)methods and applications have recently gained a great deal of attention in many areas,including fields of mathematics,neuroscience,economics,engineering,linguistics,gaming,and many others.This is due to the surge of innovative and sophisticated AI techniques applications to highly complex problems as well as the powerful new developments in high speed computing.Various applications of AI in everyday life include machine learning,pattern recognition,robotics,data processing and analysis,etc.The oil and gas industry is not behind either,in fact,AI techniques have recently been applied to estimate PVT properties,optimize production,predict recoverable hydrocarbons,optimize well placement using pattern recognition,optimize hydraulic fracture design,and to aid in reservoir characterization efforts.In this study,three different AI models are trained and used to forecast hydrocarbon production from hydraulically fractured wells.Two vastly used artificial intelligence methods,namely the Least Square Support Vector Machine(LSSVM)and the Artificial Neural Networks(ANN),are compared to a traditional curve fitting method known as Response Surface Model(RSM)using second order polynomial equations to determine production from shales.The objective of this work is to further explore the potential of AI in the oil and gas industry.Eight parameters are considered as input factors to build the model:reservoir permeability,initial dissolved gas-oil ratio,rock compressibility,gas relative permeability,slope of gas oil ratio,initial reservoir pressure,flowing bottom hole pressure,and hydraulic fracture spacing.The range of values used for these parameters resemble real field scenarios from prolific shale plays such as the Eagle Ford,Bakken,and the Niobrara in the United States.Production data consists of oil recovery factor and produced gas-oil ratio(GOR)generated from a generic hydraulically fractured reservoir model using a commercial simulator.The Box-Behnken experiment design was used to minimize the number of simulations for this study.Five time-based models(for production periods of 90 days,1 year,5 years,10 years,and 15 years)and one rate-based model(when oil rate drops to 5 bbl/day/fracture)were considered.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)routine is used in all three surrogate models to obtain the associated model parameters.Models were trained using 80%of all data generated through simulation while 20%was used for testing of the models.All models were evaluated by measuring the goodness of fit through the coefficient of determination(R2)and the Normalized Root Mean Square Error(NRMSE).Results show that RSM and LSSVM have very accurate oil recovery forecasting capabilities while LSSVM shows the best performance for complex GOR behavior.Furthermore,all surrogate models are shown to serve as reliable proxy reservoir models useful for fast fluid recovery forecasts and sensitivity analyses. | Palash Panja Raul Velasco Manas Pathak Milind Deo | 2018 | Petroleum2018，4，1： | 4 |
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