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| 1 | Evaluation of biomarkers, genetic mutations, and epigenetic modifications in early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer显示文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer(PC)is one of the deadliest malignancies with an alarming mortality rate.Despite significant advancement in diagnostics and therapeutics,early diagnosis remains elusive causing poor prognosis,marred by mutations and epigenetic modifications in key genes which contribute to disease progression.AIM To evaluate the various biological tumor markers collectively for early diagnosis which could act as prognostic biomarkers and helps in future therapeutics of PC in Kashmir valley.METHODS A total of 50 confirmed PC cases were included in the study to evaluate the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA 19-9),tissue polypeptide specific antigen(TPS),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A),and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR).Mutational analysis was performed to evaluate the mutations in Kirsten rat sarcoma(KRAS),Breast cancer type 2(BRCA-2),and deleted in pancreatic cancer-4(DPC-4)genes.However,epigenetic modifications(methylation of CpG islands)were performed in the promoter regions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(p16;CDKN2A),MutL homolog 1(hMLH1),and Ras association domain-containing protein 1(RASSF1A)genes.RESULTS We found significantly elevated levels of biological markers CA 19-9(P≤0.05),TPS(P≤0.05),CEA(P≤0.001),and VEGF(P≤0.001).Molecular genetic analysis revealed that KRAS gene mutation is predominant in codon 12(16 subjects,P≤0.05),and 13(12 subjects,P≤0.05).However,we did not find a mutation in DPC-4(1203G>T)and BRCA-2(617delT)genes.Furthermore,epigenetic modification revealed that CpG methylation in 21(P≤0.05)and 4 subjects in the promoter regions of the p16 and hMLH1 gene,respectively.CONCLUSION In conclusion,CA 19-9,TPS,CEA,and VEGF levels were significantly elevated and collectively have potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers in PC.Global data of mutation in the KRAS gene commonly in codon 12 and rare in codon 13 could augment the predisposition towards PC.Additionally,methylation of the p16 gene could also modulate transcription of genes thereby increasing the predisposition and susceptibility towards PC. | Bilal Rah Manzoor Ahmad Banday Gh Rasool Bhat Omar J Shah Humira Jeelani Fizalah Kawoosa Tahira Yousuf Dil Afroze | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，36： | 2 |
| 2 | Association of the mi R ‐146a C>G, mi R ‐149 T>C, mi R ‐196a2 T>C, and mi R ‐499 A>G polymorphisms with gastric cancer risk and survival in the korean population显示文摘 | Dae Ho Ahn HyungChul Rah Young‐Kook Choi Young Joo Jeon Kyung Tae Min KyuBum Kwack Sung Pyo Hong Seong Gyu Hwang Nam Keun Kim | 2013 | Mol Carcinog2013，，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Association of kinase insert domain-containing receptor ( KDR ) gene polymorphisms with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in Korean women显示文摘 | HyungChul Rah Young Joo Jeon Bo Eun Lee Dong Hee Choi Tae Ki Yoon Woo Sik Lee Nam Keun Kim | 2012 | Fertility and Sterility2012，，： | 2 |
| 4 | Association study of microRNA polymorphisms with risk of idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in Korean women显示文摘 | Young Joo Jeon Yi Seul Choi HyungChul Rah Su Yeoun Kim Dong Hee Choi Sun Hee Cha Ji Eun Shin Sung Han Shim Woo Sik Lee Nam Keun Kim | 2011 | Gene2011，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Association of polymorphisms in microRNA machinery genes (DROSHA, DICER1, RAN, and XPO5) with risk of idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency in Korean women显示文摘 | Rah H Jeon Y J Lee BE | 2013 | Menopause2013，20，10： | 1 |
| 6 | The clinical course of consecutive esotropia after surgical correction 显示文摘 | Jung SH Rah SH | 2007 | Korean J Ophthalmol2007，21，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Cone photoreceptor neuroprotection conferred by CNTF in a novel in vivo model of battlefield retinal laser injury显示文摘 | Aslam SA Davies WIL Singh MS Charbel Issa P Barnard AR Scott RAH | 2013 | Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2013，54，8： | 1 |
| 8 | The children's overnight orthokeratology investigation (COOKI) pilot stdy显示文摘 | WaHine JJ Rah MJ Jones LA | 2004 | Optom Vis Sci2004，81，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Time course of 'warm-up' in stable angina显示文摘 | Stewart RAH Simmonds MB Williams MJA | 1995 | Am J Cardiol1995，76，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Alpha-synuelein regulates neuronal survival via Bcl-2 family expression and PI3/Aktkinase pathway显示文摘 | Seo JH Rah JC Choi SH | 2002 | FASEB J2002，16，13： | 1 |
| 11 | Tyrosinase mutations as- sociated with Siamese and Burmese patterns in the domestic eat (FeZiscatus)显示文摘 | Lyons L A Imes D L Rah H C | 2005 | Animal Genetics2005，36，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Depression and cardiac morbidity and mortality;cause or consequence显示文摘 | Stewart RAH North FM | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Bronchospasm during cardiopulmonary bypass显示文摘 | Shiroka A Rah KH Keenan RL | 1982 | Anesth Analg1982，61，： | 1 |
| 14 | Association of nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms (-786T》C,4a4b,894G》T) with primary ovarian in-sufficiency in Korean women显示文摘 | Rah HC Jeon YJ Lee WS | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 15 | Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in spontaneously aborted fetuses显示文摘 | Jeon YJ Kim JH Rah H | 2011 | Am J Reprod Immunol2011，66，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Influence of initial curing on the properties of concrete containing limestone blended cement 显示文摘 | Bonavet T V Donz A H Rah A V | 2000 | Cement and Concrete Research2000，30，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of a pelvic floor muscle training program on gynecologic cancer survivors with pelvic floor dysfunction : a randomized controlled trial显示文摘 | Yang E J Lim J Y Rah U W | 2012 | Gynecol Oncol2012，125，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Subacromial cortico- steroid injection on poststroke hemiplegic shoulder pain: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Rah UW Yoon SH Moon do J etal | 2012 | Arch Phys Med Rehabil2012，93，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Ef- fects of NaC1 on the growth, ion accumulation and photosynthetic parameters of Thellungiella halophi- /a显示文摘 | M'RAH S OUERGHI Z BERTHOMIEU C | 2006 | Journal of Plant Physiology2006，163，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Protection of rabbit kidney from ischemia/reperfusion injury by green tea polyphenol pretreatment显示文摘 | Rah DK Han DW Baek HS | 2007 | Arch Pharm Res2007，30，11： | 1 |
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