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| 1 | 评估大气细颗粒物暴露引起的全球疾病负担的一个综合风险函数显示文摘[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度(RR)函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡RR函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.5暴露范围内成人死因的RR函数:缺血性心脏病(IHD)、脑血管疾病(脑卒中)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和肺癌(LC)。建立急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)发病的RR函数,用于估算〈5岁的儿童中死亡率和健康生活损失年数。[方法]通过整合现有的来自于环境空气污染(AAP)、二手烟草烟雾、家用固体烹饪用燃料和主动吸烟(AS)等研究的RR信息,拟合综合暴露-反应(IER)模型。采用颗粒物质的吸入剂量,通过转化AS暴露来估计全年PM2.5的暴露当量。在估算全球环境PM2.5浓度的基础上,得出各国的人群归因分数(PAFs)。[结果]与以往负担评估中使用的其他7种模型相比,IER模型是一种优越的RR预测方法。在不同国家中,归因于AAP暴露的PAF百分数各不相同,分别为:IHD,2~41;脑卒中,1~43;COPD,〈1~21;LC,〈1~25;ALRI,〈1~38。[结论]我们建立了一种以细颗粒物为基础的RR模型,它通过整合来自不同类型的燃烧所产生颗粒物排放的RR信息,涵盖全球范围的暴露。当获得新的RR信息时,可以对这个模型进行更新。 | Richard T.Burnett C.Arden Pope III Majid Ezzati Casey Olives Stephen S.Lim Sumi Mehta Hwashin H.Shin Gitanjali Singh Bryan Hubbell Michael Brauer H.Ross Anderson Kirk R.Smith John R.Balmes Nigel G.Bruce Haidong Kan Francine Laden Annette Prüss-Ustün Michelle C.Turner Susan M.Gapstur W.Ryan Diver Aaron Cohen 何蓉 张伊人 金泰廙 | 2014 | 环境与职业医学2014，31，11： | 80 |
| 2 | Hybrid graphene metasurfaces for highspeed mid-infrared light modulation and single-pixel imaging显示文摘During the past decades,major advances have been made in both the generation and detection of infrared light;however,its efficient wavefront manipulation and information processing still encounter great challenges.Efficient and fast optoelectronic modulators and spatial light modulators are required for mid-infrared imaging,sensing,security screening,communication and navigation,to name a few.However,their development remains elusive,and prevailing methods reported so far have suffered from drawbacks that significantly limit their practical applications.In this study,by leveraging graphene and metasurfaces,we demonstrate a high-performance free-space mid-infrared modulator operating at gigahertz speeds,low gate voltage and room temperature.We further pixelate the hybrid graphene metasurface to form a prototype spatial light modulator for high frame rate single-pixel imaging,suggesting orders of magnitude improvement over conventional liquid crystal or micromirror-based spatial light modulators.This work opens up the possibility of exploring wavefront engineering for infrared technologies for which fast temporal and spatial modulations are indispensable. | Beibei Zeng Zhiqin Huang Akhilesh Singh Yu Yao Abul K.Azad Aditya D.Mohite Antoinette J.Taylor David R.Smith Hou-Tong Chen | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 13 |
| 3 | Immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand显示文摘Objective: To identify immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand. Methods: To undertake a preliminary serosurvey of possible exposure to Zika virus, 21 serum samples from cohort of acute undifferentiated fever patients were examined for immunoreactivity to Zika, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis and Chikungunya envelope antigens by Western blot analysis. Results: Twenty of the 21 serum samples showed immunoreactivity to at least one of the antigens, with seven samples showing immunoreactivity to all antigens. Of particular note, two serum samples showed immunoreactivity only to Zika envelope antigen, with no immunoreactivity to other envelope antigens. Conclusions: This study presents the first evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand, although as yet the relationship between transmission and possible cases of Zika fever in Thailand requires further investigation. | Nitwara Wikan Yupin Suputtamongkol Sutee Yoksan Duncan R.Smith Prasert Auewarakul | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，2： | 6 |
| 4 | Age and sex specific timing, frequency, and spatial distribution of horseshoe crab spawning in Delaware Bay:Insights from a large-scale radio telemetry array显示文摘To study horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus spawning behavior and migration over a large-spatial extent (>100 km),we arrayed fixed station radio receivers throughout Delaware Bay and deployed radio transmitters and archival tags on adulthorseshoe crabs prior to their spawning season.We tagged and released 160 females and 60 males in 2004 and 217 females in2005.The array covered approximately 140 km of shoreline.Recapture rates were >70% with multi-year recaptures.We categorizedadult age by carapace wear.Older females tended to spawn earlier in the season and more frequently than young females,but those tendencies were more apparent in 2004 when spawning overall occurred earlier than in 2005 when spawning was delayedpossibly due to decreased water temperatures.Timing of initial spawning within a year was correlated with water temperature.After adjusting for day of first spring tide,the day of first spawning was 4 days earlier for every 1 degree (℃) rise in meandaily water temperature in May.Seventy nine % of spawning occurred during nighttime high tides.Fifty five % of spawning occurredwithin 3 d of a spring tide,which was slightly higher than the 47% expected if spawning was uniformly distributed regardlessof tidal cycle.Within the same spawning season,males and females were observed spawning or intertidally resting atmore than one beach separated by >5 km.Between years,most (77%) did not return to spawn at the same beach.Probability ofstranding was strongly age dependent for males and females with older adults experiencing higher stranding rates.Horseshoecrabs staging in the shallow waters east of the channel spawned exclusively along the eastern (NJ) shoreline,but those stagingwest of the channel spawned throughout the bay.Overall,several insights emerged from the use of radio telemetry,which advancesour understanding of horseshoe crab ecology and will be useful in conserving the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab populationand | David R.SMITH Lorne J.BROUSSEAU Mary T. MANDT Michael J.MILLARD | 2010 | Current Zoology2010，56，5： | 4 |
| 5 | Iron dysregulation in beta-thalassemia显示文摘Iron deficiency anemia and iron overload conditions affect more than one billion people worldwide.Iron homeostasis involves the regulation of cells that export iron into the plasma and cells that utilize or store iron.The cellular iron balance in humans is primarily mediated by the hepcidin-ferroportin axis.Ferroportin is the sole cellular iron export protein,and its expression is regulated transcriptionally,post-transcriptionally and posttranslationally.Hepcidin,a hormone produced by liver cells,post-translationally regulates ferroportin expression on iron exporting cells by binding with ferroportin and promoting its internalization by endocytosis and subsequent degradation by lysosomes.Dysregulation of iron homeostasis leading to iron deposition in vital organs is the main cause of death in betathalassemia patients.Beta-thalassemia patients show marked hepcidin suppression,ineffective eiythropoiesis,anemia and iron overload.Beta-thalassemia is common in the Mediterranean region,Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent,and the focus of this review is to provide an update on the factors mediating hepcidin related iron dysregulation in beta-thalassemia disease.Understanding this process may pave the way for new treatments to ameliorate iron overloading and improve the long term prognosis of these patients. | Kamonlak Leecharoenkiat Pathrapol Lithanatudom Wannapa Sornjai Duncan R.Smith | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，11： | 3 |
| 6 | Change and Continuity:Chinese Villages in Transition (I)–Longmei Village显示文摘This is the first in a series of four articles ethnographically exploring instances of village transformation in peri-urban China.Each article presents an in-depth case study of a single village and its unique combination of change and continuity.Together,these case studies demonstrate the specificity and idiosyncrasy of village transformation and the need for planners to'take actions that suit local conditions'(yindi zhiyi).This first installment investigates Longmei Village in the Panyu District of Guangzhou Municipality.Longmei’s leaders have encouraged economic transformation through industrialization and real estate development while seeking to maintain the village’s socio-spatial continuity.These competing priorities have led to contradictions in Longmei’s development,as integration into economic networks brings new people,goods,and ideas to the village.This tension has intensified as both registered villagers and migrant workers have pursued divergent visions for Longmei’s future transformation. | Nick R.Smith | 2013 | China City Planning Review2013，22，3： | 3 |
| 7 | Change and Continuity:Chinese Villages in Transition(Ⅱ)——Panyang Village显示文摘This is the second in a series of four articles that ethnographically explores instances of village transformation in peri-urban China. Each article presents an in-depth case study of a single village and its unique combination of change and continuity. Together, these case studies demonstrate the specifi city and idiosyncrasy of village transformation and the need for planners to 'take actions that suit local conditions'(yindi zhiyi). This installment investigates Panyang Village, located in the Xiangcheng District of Suzhou Municipality. The municipality has used a portion of Panyang's land for an industrial development zone, and the remainder of the village has been turned into relocation housing for displaced villagers. This has resulted in profound economic and socio-spatial transformation, but Panyang has not been allowed to fully urbanize. For instance, both the village and its residents are still administratively rural, and the municipality has imposed building codes that preserve the village's existing housing typology. The tension between economic transformation and socio-spatial conservation has led to unforeseen consequences, including a diffuse, de-centered morphology; increasing disinvestment on the part of registered villagers; and new development initiatives by migrant workers. | Nick R.Smith | 2013 | China City Planning Review2013，22，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Ultra-broadband metamaterial absorbers from long to very long infrared regime显示文摘Broadband metamaterials absorbers with high absorption,ultrathin thickness and easy configurations are in great demand for many potential applications.In this paper,we first analyse the coupling resonances in a Ti/Ge/Ti three-layer absorber,which can realise broadband absorption from 8 to 12 pm.Then we experimentally demonstrate two types of absorbers based on the Ti/Ge/Si_(3)N_(4)/Ti configuration.By taking advantage of coupling surface plasmon resonances and intrinsic absorption of lossy material Si_(3)N_(4),the average absorptions of two types of absorbers achieve almost 95%from 8 to 14μm(experiment result:78%from 6.5 to 13.5μm).In order to expand the absorption bandwidth,we further propose two Ti/Si/SiO_(2)/Ti absorbers which can absorb 92%and 87%of ultra-broadband light in the 14-30μm and 8-30μm spectral range,respectively.Our findings establish general and systematic strategies for guiding the design of metamaterial absorbers with excellent broadband absorption and pave the way for enhancing the optical performance in applications of infrared thermal emitters,imaging and photodetectors. | Yu Zhou Zheng Qin Zhongzhu Liang Dejia Meng Haiyang Xu David R.Smith Yichun Liu | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，8： | 3 |
| 9 | 21世纪暴露科学的讨论:愿景和策略显示文摘[背景]美国国家科学院国家研究委员会(NRC)最近公布了一项报告——《21世纪的暴露科学:远景和策略(Exposure Science in the 21st Century:A Vision and a Strategy)》。撰写该报告的专家委员会成员包括来自生态学、化学、暴露科学、毒理学、公共卫生、生物伦理学、工程学、医学和政策方面的专业人士。[目的]为环境和公共卫生领域的科学界人士提供信息,使他们能够更全面地认识这一愿景,并了解为推进这个愿景所制定的框架。[讨论]虽然该NRC报告受美国环境保护署和美国国家环境卫生科学研究所之委托,但该报告完全是由独立的志愿者委员会达成的共识,其研究结果经过NRC严格的同行评议。除了回顾暴露科学的历史和现状,该报告也勾画了暴露科学未来的愿景,并对短期和长期的目标提出建议。[结论]为了实现NRC报告中所提出的愿景,研究人员需要利用各种资源完成研究、开发和应用暴露分析,并建立与个体和群体暴露相关的数据库,同时培养新一代的暴露科学家。尽管本述评中引用了该报告的一些重要摘录和释义,但总的观点和意见都是本文作者自己提出的。 | Paul J.Lioy Kirk R.Smith 王晓宇 张伊人 汪源 金泰廙 | 2013 | 环境与职业医学2013，30，8： | 2 |
| 10 | Genetic linkage map of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) based on AFLP and SSR markers显示文摘 | S.Kunkeaw S.Tangphatsornruang D. R.Smith K.Triwitayakorn | 2010 | Plant Breeding2010，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Expansion of Human Adult Stem Cells from Bone Marrow Stroma: Conditions that Maximize the Yields of Early Progenitors and Evaluate Their Quality显示文摘 | IchiroSekiya Benjamin L.Larson Jason R.Smith RadhikaPochampally Jian‐GuoCui Darwin J.Prockop | 2009 | STEM CELLS2009，，6： | 2 |
| 12 | Getting New Staff to Stay: The Mediating Role of Organizational Identification显示文摘 | Laura G. E.Smith Catherine E.Amiot Victor J.Callan Deborah J.Terry Joanne R.Smith | 2012 | British Journal of Management2012，，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Adult Living Liver Donors have Excellent Long‐Term Medical Outcomes: The University of Toronto Liver Transplant Experience显示文摘 | L.Adcock C.Macleod D.Dubay P. D.Greig M. S.Cattral I.McGilvray L.Lilly N.Girgrah E. L.Renner M.Selzner N.Selzner A.Kashfi R.Smith S.Holtzman S.Abbey D. R.Grant G. A.Levy G.Therapondos | 2010 | American Journal of Transplantation2010，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Modulation and information hiding in images,Find out how to access preview-only content Information Hiding显示文摘 | Joshua R.Smith Barrett O.Comiskey | | 0，，1174： | 1 |
| 15 | 喹诺酮类药物的不良反应显示文摘 | Craig R.Smith 罗春元 | 1988 | 国外药学(抗生素分册)1988，，02： | 1 |
| 16 | Classification System for Complete Edentulism显示文摘 | Thomas J.McGarry ArthurNimmo James F.Skiba Robert H.Ahlstrom Christopher R.Smith Jack H.Koumjian | 2005 | Journal of Prosthodontics2005，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Nevirapine induces apoptosis in liver(HepG2) cells显示文摘Objective: To generate insights into the mechanism of NVP induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: Liver(HepG2) cells were cultured with various concentrations of NVP. This cell line was chosen because it has low expression of cytochrome P450, allowing evaluation of the effects of NVP rather than specific metabolites. Cytotoxicity was determined using a proliferation assay and cell numbers were monitored using trypan blue exclusion assay for long term culture experiments and apoptosis induction was determined by morphological and biochemical investigation. Results: HepG2 cells treated with the highest concentration of NVP tested(819 μM) initially showed a rounded morphology and all cells had died by week three of exposure. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation, increased Annexin V/propidium iodide staining and caspase 9 activation all supported the induction of apoptosis in HepG2 cells in response to NVP treatment. Conclusions: There is a clear induction of apoptosis in response to NVP which suggests that NVP has significant cytotoxicity, over and above any cytotoxicity of metabolites and may contribute directly to patient hepatotoxicity. | Jeerang Wongtrakul Atchara Paemanee Phitchayapak Wintachai Chutima Thepparit Sittiruk Roytrakul Thananya Thongtan Kanokwan Janphen Khuanchai Supparatpinyo Duncan R.Smith | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，6： | 1 |
| 18 | 蕈中毒:综述显示文摘尽管很罕见,但暴露于鹅膏蕈碱对人体健康有很大的影响,其罕见性也给临床医生的诊断也带来了挑战,医疗工作者很少对这一疾病进行报道。蕈中毒目前并无特定的解药。或许是因为罕见,又或者是缺少关注,美国在蕈中毒的诊断、治疗及研究方面落后于欧洲近30年。因此,美国有必要成立一个中心培训机构,并加强相关研究和数据收集工作,从而为蕈中毒患者提供更好的治疗。 | Michael R.Smith Robert L.Davis | 2016 | Gastroenterology Report2016，4，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Capital Raising,Underwriting and the Certification Hypothesis显示文摘 | Booth J R.Smith | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Plasmonic-enhanced electrochemical detection of volatile biomarkers with gold functionalized TiO_2 nanotube arrays显示文摘Titania nanotubular arrays(TNA) synthesized via electrochemical anodization is a stable and versatile material, widely studied for photocatalytic and sensing applications, whereas nano-sized gold particles are a known plasmonic material. Semiconductor–metal nanocomposites in isolated, embedded, or encapsulated form, when irradiated with proper light frequency can exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) effect. This effect can result in improved light adsorption and electrical properties of a material. In this study, we report the enhanced visible light photo-response of LSPR induced volatile organic biomarker vapor sensing at room temperature using a Au-embedded TNA electrochemical sensor.Two mechanisms are proposed. One based on classical physics(band theory), which explains operation under non-irradiated conditions. The second mechanism is based on the coupling of classical and quantum physics(molecular orbitals), and explains sensor operation under irradiated conditions. | Dhiman Bhattacharyya Pankaj Kumar York R.Smith Swomitra K.Mohanty Mano Misra | 2018 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2018，34，6： | 1 |
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