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| 1 | Dip Coating of Nano Hydroxyapatite on Titanium Alloy with Plasma Assistedγ-Alumina Buffer Layer:A Novel Coating Approach显示文摘This paper reported a novel coating approach to deposit a thin,crack free and nano-structured hydroxyapatite (HA) film on Ti6AI4V alloy with Al_2O_3 buffer layer for biomedical implants.The Al_2O_3 buffer layer was deposited by plasma spraying while the HA top layer was applied by dip coating technique.The X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Raman reflections of alumina buffer layer showedα- toγ-AI_2O_3 phase transformation; and the fractographic analysis of the sample revealed the formation of columnar grains in well melted splats. The bonding strength between Al_2O_3 coating and Ti6AI4V substrate was estimated to be about 40 MPa.The presence of dip coated HA layer was confirmed using XRD,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX) analysis.The SEM images exhibited that HA top layer enveloped homogenously the troughs and crests of the underneath rough(R_a= 2.91 |im) Al_2O_3 surface.It is believed that the novel coating approach adopted might render the implant suitable for rapid cement-less fixation as well as biocompatible for longer periods. | M.Khalid M.Mujahid A.Nusair Khan R.S.Rawat | 2013 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2013，29，6： | 3 |
| 2 | Structural, elemental, optical and magnetic study of Fe doped ZnO and impurity phase formation显示文摘We have prepared a series of(ZnO)1-x(Fe2O3)x≤0.10bulk samples with various concentrations of Fe dopant by ball milling and investigated their structural, compositional, optical and magnetic properties by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectrometer and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), respectively. Information about different impurity phases was obtained through Rietveld refinements of XRD data analysis. XPS results showed different valence states(Fe2+ tand Fe3+) supported by shaking satellite peaks in samples. With increasing Fe doping percentage, the crystal quality deteriorated and a shift of E2 low band(characteristic of ZnO) has been observed in Raman spectra. Energy band gap estimated from reflectance UV–vis spectroscopy showed shift for all bulk samples. The magnetic behavior was examined using a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), indicating ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature(300 K). The effective magnetic moment per Fe atom decreases with increase in doping percentage which indicates that ferromagnetic behavior arises from the substitution of Fe ions in the ZnO lattice. | S.Karamat R.S.Rawat P.Lee T.L.Tan R.V.Ramanujan | 2014 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2014，24，2： | 3 |
| 3 | Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge显示文摘The carburizing of titanium (Ti) is accomplished by utilizing energetic ion pulses of a 1.5 kJ Mather type dense plasma focus (DPF) device operated in methane discharge. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the deposition of polycrystalline titanium carbide (TiC). The samples carburized at lower axial and angular positions show an improved texture for a typical (200)TiC plane. The Williamson-Hall method is employed to estimate average crystallite size and microstrains in the carburized Ti surface. Crystallite size is found to vary from ~ 50 to 100 nm, depending on the deposition parameters. Microstrains vary with the sample position and hence ion flux, and are converted from tensile to compressive by increasing the flux. The carburizing of Ti is confirmed by two major doublets extending from 300 to 390 cm-1 and from 560 to 620 cm-1 corresponding to acoustic and optical active modes in Raman spectra, respectively. Analyses by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have provided qualitative and quantitative profiles of the carburized surface. The Vickers microhardness of Ti is significantly improved after carburizing. | M.Shafiq M.Hassan K.Shahzad A.Qayyum S.Ahmad R.S.Rawat M.Zakaullah | 2010 | Chinese Physics B2010，19，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Synthesis of ZrSiN composite films using a plasma focus device显示文摘ZrSiN thin films are synthesized by using plasma focus through various numbers of focus shots(10, 20, and 30),with samples placed at 9 cm away from the tip of the anode. Crystal structures, surface morphologies, and elemental compositions of ZrSiN films are characterized by an X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM)attached with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS). XRD patterns confirm the formations of polycrystalline ZrSiN films. Crystallinity of nitride increases with the increase of focus shot number. The average crystallite size of zirconium nitride increases from 27 ± 3 nm to 73 ± 8 nm and microstrain decreases from 2.28 to 1.0 with the increase of the focus shot number. SEM results exhibit the formations of granular and oval-shaped microstructures, depending on the number of focus shots. EDS results confirm the presences of silicon, zirconium, nitrogen, and oxygen in the composite films. The content values of Zr and N in the composite films increase with the increase of the focus shot number. | R.Ahmad T.Hussain I.A.Khan R.S.Rawat | 2014 | Chinese Physics B2014，23，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Post-annealing effect on the structural and mechanical properties of multiphase zirconia films deposited by a plasma focus device显示文摘Nanostructured multiphase zirconia films(MZFs) are deposited on Zr substrate by the irradiation of energetic oxygen ions emanated from a plasma focus device. The oxygen operating gas pressure of 1 mbar(1 bar = 105Pa) provides the most appropriate ion energy flux to deposit crystalline ZrO2 films. X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns reveal the formation of polycrystalline ZrO2 films. The crystallite size(CS), crystal growth, and dislocation densities are attributed to increasing focus shots, sample axial distances, and working gas pressures. Phase and orientation transformations from t-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2 and c-ZrO2 are associated with increasing focus shots and continuous annealing. For lower(200 C) annealing temperature(AT), full width at half maximum(FWHM) of diffraction peak, CS, and dislocation density(δ) for(020) plane are found to be 0.494, 16.6 nm, and 3.63 × 10 3nm 2while for higher(400 C) AT, these parameters for(111) plane are found to be 0.388, 20.87 nm, and 2.29 × 10 3nm 2, respectively. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) results demonstrate the formation of rounded grains with uniform distribution. The estimated values of atomic ratio(O/Zr) in ZrO2 films deposited for different axial distances(6 cm, 9 cm, and 12 cm) are found to be 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3, respectively. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) analysis reveals that the bands appearing at 441 cm-1 and 480 cm-1 belong to m-ZrO2 and t-ZrO2 phases, respectively. Maximum microhardness(8.65 ± 0.45 GPa) of ZrO2 film is ~ 6.7 times higher than the microhardness of virgin Zr. | I.A.Khan R.S.Rawat R.Ahmad M.A.K.Shahid | 2013 | Chinese Physics B2013，22，12： | 0 |
| 6 | Mechanical properties of Al/a-C nanocomposite thin films synthesized using a plasma focus device显示文摘The Al/a-C nanocomposite thin films are synthesized on Si substrates using a dense plasma focus device with aluminum fitted anode and operating with CH4/Ar admixture.X-ray diffractometer results confirm the formation of metallic crystalline Al phases using different numbers of focus shots.Raman analyses show the formation of D and G peaks for all thin film samples,confirming the presence of a-C in the nanocomposite thin films.The formation of Al/a-C nanocomposite thin films is further confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.The scanning electron microscope results show that the deposited thin films consist of nanoparticles and their agglomerates.The sizes of th agglomerates increase with increasing numbers of focus deposition shots.The nanoindentation results show the variations in hardness and elastic modulus values of nanocomposite thin film with increasing the number of focus shots.Maximum values of hardness and elastic modulus of the composite thin film prepared using 20 focus shots are found to be about 10.7 GPa and 189.2 GPa,respectively. | Z.A.Umar R.S.Rawat R.Ahmad A.K.Kumar Y.Wang T.Hussain Z.Chen L.Shen Z.Zhang | 2014 | Chinese Physics B2014，23，2： | 0 |
| 7 | Role of Ion Beam Irradiation and Annealing Efect on the Deposition of AlON Nanolayers by Using Plasma Focus Device显示文摘AlON nanolayers are synthesized on Al substrate by the irradiation of energetic nitrogen ions using plasma focusing. Samples are exposed to multiple(5, 10, 15, 20 and 25) focus shots. Ion energy and ion number density range from 80 keV to 1.4 MeV and 5.6×1019m-3 to 1.3×1019m-3, respectively. Moreover, the efect of continuous annealing(473 K and 523 K) on an AlN surface layer synthesized with 25 focus shots is also examined. The main features of the X-ray difraction(XRD) patterns with increasing focus shots are:(i) variation in the crystallinity of AlN along(111),(200) and(311) planes,(ii) increasing average crystallite size of AlN(111) plane, and(iii) stress relaxation observed in AlN(111) and (200) planes. The crystallinity of AlN surface layer is comparatively better at 473 K annealing temperature. A broadened difraction peak related to an aluminium oxide phase showing weak crystallinity is observed for 15 focus shots while non-bounded oxides are present in all other deposited layers. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis confirm the presence of AlN and Al2O3 for the surface layer annealed at 473 K temperature. Raman analysis shows that the overlapping of AlN and Al2O3 results in the development of residual stresses. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) results demonstrate that the formation of rounded grains(range from 20 nm to 200 nm) and variations in their microstructures features depend on the increasing number of focus shots. Decomposition of larger clusters into smaller ones is observed. | I.A.KHAN R.S.RAWAT R.VERMA G.MACHARAGA R.AHMAD Z.A.UMAR M.A.K.SHAHID | 2013 | Plasma Science and Technology2013，15，11： | 0 |
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