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| 1 | 中国启东肝癌预防:黄曲霉毒素生物标志物研究的经验(英文)显示文摘原发性肝癌一直是中国启东癌症死亡的首要原因,这一地区的110万居民中大约每年有800人死于原发性肝癌。流行病学研究已经强调了乙肝病毒感染和肝致癌物黄曲霉素的饮食暴露在启东和其他流行地区作为关键相互作用的风险决定因素的重要性。由于生物标志物的发展,使得在病例对照研究和其他群体研究中可以检测这些风险因素的流行程度。20世纪80年代曾经在启东进行了乙肝病毒疫苗接种试点,但直到本世纪初才在新生儿上普遍接种。尽管目前疫苗接种对癌症死亡率的影响微乎其微,但该项目旨在减缓这一地区未来几代人肝脏疾病包括肝癌的发展。减少对黄曲霉毒素暴露的策略也是必需的,尤其是对于那些已经感染乙肝病毒的人群。我们已经进行了一系列原理验证性的临床试验,包括使用药物、膳食补充剂和食物来改变不可避免的暴露后黄曲霉素的代谢及排出。使用黄曲霉素生物标志物作为中间指标,奥替普拉、叶绿素和西兰花豆芽饮料已被证明有效,突出了低成本化学预防途径在预防环境致癌中的作用。值得注意的是,最近对存档的血清样本的回顾性分析表明,启东的黄曲霉素暴露在过去的25年里下降了40倍,这可能是由从玉米到大米的主食变化带来的。因此,一级预防,伴随着20世纪80年代经济和农业政策改变的作用,带来了出乎意料的在短时间内消除这个地区肝癌地方性流行的希望。 | Patricia A.Egner 王金兵 朱源荣 Lisa P.Jacobson Derek Ng Alvaro Munoz Jed W.Fahey 陈建国 陈陶阳 钱耕荪 John D.Groopman Thomas W.Kensler | 2013 | 化学进展2013，25，9： | 5 |
| 2 | 叶绿酸对肝癌高发区黄曲霉毒素暴露人群的干预研究显示文摘[目的]评估叶绿酸能否降低肝癌高危人群尿中黄曲霉毒素(AFT)鄄N7鄄鸟嘌呤的水平。[方法]采用随机双盲、以安慰剂为对照的预防干预试验。将180名健康成人随机分成叶绿酸干预组(服用100mg叶绿酸)和安慰剂对照组。采用顺序免疫亲和色谱法和液相色谱法结合电子喷射质谱法测定尿中AFT鄄N7鄄鸟嘌呤的变化。[结果]在169份尿样中,105份检出AFT鄄N7鄄鸟嘌呤。叶绿酸组尿中AFT鄄N7鄄鸟嘌呤比安慰剂组下降了55%(P=0.036)。未见副作用。[结论]应用叶绿酸或富含叶绿素的食物进行预防干预是可能阻断肝癌的有效手段。 | 王金兵 Patricia A.Egner 朱源荣 张宝初 吴燕 张启南 钱耕荪 旷双远 Stephen J.Gange Lisa P.Jacobson Kathy J.Helzlsoure George S.Bailey John D.Groopman Thomas W.Kensler | 2004 | 中国肿瘤2004，13，5： | 2 |
| 3 | Estimating the effect of zidovudine on Kaposi’s sarcoma from observational data using a rank preserving structural failure‐time model显示文摘 | Marshall M.Joffe Donald R.Hoover Lisa P.Jacobson LawrenceKingsley Joan S.Chmiel Barbara R.Visscher James M.Robins | 1998 | Statist Med1998，，10： | 1 |
| 4 | A factor analytic assessment of the English translation of the neuropsychological vertigo inventory(NVI)显示文摘Purpose:Vestibular impairments have been associated with a variety of cognitive deficits,most notably deficits in visuo-spatial memory.The Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory(NVI)was developed to measure self-reported cognitive deficits in patients with dizziness and/or vertigo.The original French language version of the NVI includes 28 items and 7 subscales.The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether the statistical assessment of an English language version supported the presence of the same cognitive constructs as the French version of the NVI.Method:The English language adaptation of the NVI(referred to here as the NVIe)was administered to an unselected sample of 280 patie nts that were being evaluated for dizziness and/or vertigo in a tertiary care dizziness clinic.The individual item scores from the NVIe were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis(EFA).Results:The results of the data analysis supported a 22-item NVIe consisting of 4 constructs:affective state,temporal memory,spatial memory,visual spatial cognition.Conclusions:The NVIe is a new tool for screening cognitive constructs that may be affected by vestibular impairments.Prior to clinical implementation of the NVIe,additional studies of reliability and convergent validity are needed. | Gary P.Jacobson Erin G.Piker Kelsey Hatton Richard A.Roberts | 2020 | Journal of Otology2020，15，2： | 1 |
| 5 | The effect of EMG magnitude on the masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potential(mVEMP)显示文摘Introduction:The masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potential(mVEMP)is a bilaterally generated,electromyographically(EMG)-mediated response innervated by the trigeminal nerve.The purpose of the present investigation was to 1)determine whether subjects could accurately achieve and maintain a range of EMG target levels,2)to examine the effects of varied EMG levels on the latencies and amplitudes of the mVEMP,and 3)to investigate the degree of side-to-side asymmetry and any effects of EMG activation.Methods:Subjects were nine neurologically and otologically normal young adults.A high-intensity tone burst was presented monaurally while subjects were seated upright and asked to match a range of EMG target levels by clenching their teeth.Recordings were made from the ipsilateral and contralateral masseter muscles referenced to the ear being monaurally stimulated.Results:We found that the tonic EMG target had no effect on mVEMP latency.Additionally,although mVEMP amplitudes“scaled”to the EMG target,there was a tendency for the subjects’EMG level to“undershoot”the EMG target levels greater than 50 mV.While some individuals did generate differences in EMG activation between sides,there were no significant differences on average EMG activation between sides.Further,while average corrected amplitude asymmetry was similar across EMG targets,some individuals demonstrated large,corrected amplitude asymmetry ratios.Conclusions:The results of this investigation suggest that,as with cVEMP recordings,the underlying EMG activation may vary between subjects and could impact mVEMP amplitudes,yet could be mitigated by amplitude correction techniques.Further it is important to be aware that even young normal subjects have difficulty maintaining large,tonic EMG activity during the mVEMP recording. | Daniel J.Romero Gary P.Jacobson Richard A.Roberts | 2022 | Journal of Otology2022，17，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Age predicts the absence of caloric-induced vertigo显示文摘Introduction: The absence of vertigo during the caloric test, despite a robust response, has been suggested to represent a central vestibular system phenomenon. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of absent caloric-induced vertigo perception in an unselected group of patients and to assess possible predicting variables.Methods: Prospective investigation of 92 unselected patients who underwent caloric testing. Inclusion criteria were that each patient generate a maximum slow phase velocity(maxSPV) > 15 deg/sec and a caloric asymmetry of≤10%. Following the caloric, patients were asked, 'Did you have any sensation of motion?'Results: Results showed 75% of patients reported motion with a mean age of 56.51 years compared to a mean age of 66.55 in the 25% of patients reporting an absence of motion. A logistic regression was performed and the overall model was statistically significant accounting for 29% of the variance in caloric perception. The significant predictor variables were patient age and maxSPV of the caloric response. The effect size for both variables was small with an odds ratio of.9 for maxSPV and 1.06 for age.Conclusions: The current investigation showed that both age and maxSPV of the caloric response were significant predictors of vertigo perception during the caloric exam. However, the association between age and caloric perception is not conclusive. Although there is evidence to suggest that these findings represent age-related changes in the central processing of vestibular system stimulation, there are additional unmeasured factors that influence the perception of caloric-induced vertigo. | Gary P.Jacobson Erin G.Piker Sarah L.Grantham Lauren N.English | 2018 | Journal of Otology2018，13，1： | 0 |
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