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| 1 | Effects of creep feeding and supplemental glutamine or glutamine plus glutamate (Aminogut) on pre- and post-weaning growth performance and intestinal health of piglets显示文摘Background: Creep feeding is used to stimulate piglet post-weaning feed consumption.L-Glutamine(GLN) is an important source of fuel for intestinal epithelial cells.The objective of this study was to determine the impact of creep feeding and adding GLN or AminoGut(AG;containing glutamine + glutamate) to pre-and post-weaning diets on pig performance and intestinal health.Litters(N = 120) were allotted to four treatments during 14–21 d of lactation: 1) No creep feed(NC,n = 45);2) creep fed control diet(CFCD,n = 45);3) creep fed 1% GLN(CFGLN,n = 15);4) creep fed.88% AG(CFAG,n = 15).After weaning,the NC and CFCD groups were sub-divided into three groups(n = 15 each),receiving either a control nursery diet(NC-CD,CFCD-CD) or a diet supplemented with either GLN(NC-GLN,CFCD-GLN) or with AG(NC-AG,CFCD-AG).Litters that were creep fed with diets containing GLN or AG also were supplemented with those amino acids in the nursery diets(CFGLN-GLN,CFAG-AG).Glutamine was added at 1% in all three post-weaning diet phases and AG was added at.88% in phase 1 and 2 and at.66% in phase 3.Results: Feed conversion(feed/gain) showed means among treatment means close to significance(P = 0.056) and Tukey's test for pairwise mean comparisons showed that Pigs in the CFGLN-GLN group had the best feed conversion(feed/gain) in the first three-week period post-weaning,exceeding(P = 0.044) controls(CFCD-CD) by 34%.The NC-AG group had(P = 0.02) the greatest feed intake in the last three week of the study,exceeding controls(CFCD-CD) by 12%.CFGLN-GLN,CFCD-GLN and sow reared(SR) pigs had the greatest(P = 0.049) villi height exceeding the CFCD-AG group by 18%,20% and 19% respectively.The CFAG-AG group had the deepest(P = 0.001) crypts among all treatments.CFGLN-GLN,CFCD-GLN and SR groups had the greatest(P = 0.001) number of cells proliferating(PCNA) exceeding those in the NC-CD group by 43%,54% and 63% respectively.Sow reared pigs showed the greatest(P = 0.001) intestinal absorption capacity for xylose and mannitol.Conclusion: Supplementation of creep feed and nursery diets with GLN and/or AminoGut in the first three week improved feed conversion possibly due to improved intestinal health. | Rafael A Cabrera James L Usry Consuelo Arrellano Eduardo T Nogueira Marianne Kutschenko Adam J Moeser Jack Odle | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，3： | 17 |
| 2 | Acute effects of rotavirus and malnutrition on intestinal barrier function in neonatal piglets显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of protein-energy malnutrition on intestinal barrier function during rotavirus enteritis in a piglet model.METHODS: Newborn piglets were allotted at day 4 of age to the following treatments:(1) full-strength formula(FSF)/noninfected;(2) FSF/rotavirus infected;(3) half-strength formula(HSF)/noninfected;or(4) HSF/rotavirus infected.After one day of adjustment to the feeding rates,pigs were infected with rotavirus and acute effects on growth and diarrhea were monitored for 3 d and jejunal samples were collected for Ussingchamber analyses.RESULTS: Piglets that were malnourished or infected had lower body weights on days 2 and 3 post-infection(P < 0.05).Three days post-infection,marked diarrhea and weight loss were accompanied by sharp reductions in villus height(59%) and lactase activity(91%) and increased crypt depth(21%) in infected compared with non-infected pigs(P < 0.05).Malnutrition also increased crypt depth(21%) compared to full-fed piglets.Villus:crypt ratio was reduced(67%) with viral infection.There was a trend for reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance with rotavirus infection and malnutrition(P = 0.1).3H-mannitol flux was significantly increased(50%;P < 0.001) in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to non-infected piglets,but there was no effect of nutritional status.Furthermore,rotavirus infection reduced localization of the tight junction protein,occludin,in the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytosol.CONCLUSION: Overall,malnutrition had no additive effects to rotavirus infection on intestinal barrier function at day 3 post-infection in a neonatal piglet model. | Sheila K Jacobi Adam J Moeser Anthony T Blikslager J Marc Rhoads Benjamin A Corl Robert J Harrell Jack Odle | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，31： | 4 |
| 3 | Influence of birth order, birth weight, colostrum and serum immunoglobulin G on neonatal piglet survival显示文摘Background: Intake of colostrum after birth is essential to stimulate intestinal growth and function, and to provide systemic immunological protection via absorption of Immunoglobulin G (IgG). The birth order and weight of 745 piglets (from 75 litters) were recorded during a one-week period of farrowing. Only pigs weighing greater than 0.68 kg birth weight were chosen for the trial. Sow colostrum was collected during parturition, and piglets were bled between 48 and 72 hours post-birth. Piglet serum IgG and colostral IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Results: Sow parity had a significant (P < 0.001) effect on sow colostral IgG concentration, being 5% higher in multiparous females. Sow colostral IgG concentration explained 6% and piglet birth order accounted for another 4% of the variation observed in piglet serum IgG concentration (P < 0.05); however, birth weight had no detectable effect. Piglet serum IgG concentration had both a linear (P < 0.05) and quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on % survival. Piglets with 1,000 mg/dl serum IgG or less (n=24) had a 67% survival; whereas, piglets with IgG concentrations between 2250 to 2500 mg/dl (n=247) had a 91% survival. Birth order had no detectable effect on survival, but birth weight had a positive linear effect (P < 0.05). Piglets weighing 0.9 kg (n = 107) at birth had a 68% survival rate, and those weighing 1.6 kg (n = 158) had an 89% survival. Conclusion: We found that the combination of sow colostrum IgG concentration and birth order can account for 10% of the variation of piglet serum IgG concentration and that piglets with less than 1,000 mg/dl IgG serum concentration and weight of 0.9 kg at birth had low survival rate when compared to their larger siblings. The effective management of colostrum uptake in neonatal piglets in the first 24 hrs post-birth may potentially improve survival from birth to weaning. | Rafael A Cabrera Xi Lin Joy M Campbell Adam J Moeser Jack Odle | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，2： | 2 |
| 4 | Malnutrition modifies pig small intestinal inflammatory responses to rotavirus显示文摘 | Zijlstra RT McCracken BA Odle J | 1999 | J Nutr1999，129，4： | 1 |
| 5 | lnfluencc of rumen ammonia concentration on the rumen degradation rates of barley and maize 显示文摘 | Odle J Schaefer D M | 1987 | Brit J Nutr1987，57，： | 1 |
| 6 | Trans-10,Cis-12 conjugated linoleie acid increase fatty acid oxidation in 3T3-L preadipoeytes显示文摘 | Evans M Ljn X Odle J | 2002 | Journal of Nutrition2002，132，： | 1 |
| 7 | The suckling piglet as an agri- medical model for the study of pediatric mtrition and metabolism 显示文摘 | Odle J Lin X Jacobi SK | 2014 | AnnRev AnimalBiosci2014，2，： | 1 |
| 8 | Supplementing Limited Methionine Diets with Rumen-Protected Methionine,Betaine,and Choline in Early Lactation Holstein Cows显示文摘 | Davidson S Hopkins B A Odle J | 2008 | J Dairy Sci2008，91，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Small intestinal disaccharidase activity and ileal villus height are increased in piglets consuming formula containing recombinant human insulin-like growth factor显示文摘 | Houle VM Schroeder EA Odle J | 1997 | Pediatr Res1997，42，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Effects of chemical hydrogenation of supplemental fat on relative apparent lipid digestibility in finishing swine显示文摘 | Averette G L See M T Odle J | 2005 | J Anim Sci2005，83，： | 1 |
| 11 | Dietary medium-or long-chain triglycerides improve body condition of lean-genotype sows and increase suckling pig growth显示文摘 | GATLIN L A ODLE J SOEDE J | 2002 | Journal of Animal Science2002，80，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Supplementing limited methionine diets with rumen-protected methionine,betaine,and choline in early lactation Holstein cow显示文摘 | Davidson S Hopkins B A Odle J | 2008 | Journal of Dairy Science2008，91，： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of orallu administered epidermal growth factor on intestiral pigs ifected with rotavirus显示文摘 | Zijlstra R T Odle J | 1994 | J Pediatr Gastraenteral Nutr1994，19，： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of orally administered epidermal growth factor on intestinal recovery of neonatal pigs infected with rotavirus显示文摘 | Zijlstra R T Odle J Hall W F | 1994 | J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr1994，19，： | 1 |
| 15 | Dietary medium or long chain triglycerides improve body condition of lean-genotype sows and increase suckliug Dig growth显示文摘 | Gatlin L A Odle J Soede J | 2011 | Journal of animal science2011，80，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Trans-10,cis-12 conjugat- ed linoleic acid increases fatty acid oxidation in 3T3-LI preadipocytes 显示文摘 | EVANS M LIN X ODLE J | 2002 | J Nutr2002，132，： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of orally administered epidermal growth factor on intestinal recovery of neonatal pigs infected with rotavirus 显示文摘 | Zijlstra R T Odle J Hall W F | 1994 | J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr1994，19，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Niche construction 显示文摘 | F J Odling - Smee K N Laland M W Feldman | 1996 | The America Naturalist1996，147，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Intestinal effects of milkborne growth factors in neonates of agriculture importance显示文摘 | Odle J Zijlstra R T Donavan S M | 1996 | J Anim Sci1996，72，： | 1 |
| 20 | On the evolutionary consequences of niche construction 显示文摘 | K N Laland F J Odling - Smee M W Feldman | 1996 | Journal of Evolutionary Biology1996，，9： | 1 |
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