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| 1 | 京郊典型集约化“农田-畜牧”生产系统氮素流动特征显示文摘城郊畜牧业的集约化发展在满足人们日益增长的肉蛋奶等动物性产品需求的同时,也带来了巨大的环境压力。本文利用养分流动和模型分析的方法,分析北京市郊区某村三种不同类型'农田-畜牧'生产系统(大型集约化种猪场、种养结合小规模生态养殖园和集约化单一种植区)的氮素流动特征。结果表明:饲料是集约化种猪场和生态养殖园氮素输入的主要来源,饲料投入氮量分别为12469.0和9268.5 kg.hm-.2a-1);集约化种猪场农牧体系间生产脱节,致使农田氮素输入主要依赖于化肥投入,化肥氮输入量(435.0 kg.hm-.2a-1)占农田氮素输入量的82.7%。相反,生态养殖园农牧体系结合紧密,猪粪尿氮还田比例达28.6%,这使得园区化肥氮输入量仅为135.0 kg.hm-.2a-1,因此畜禽粪尿的合理循环利用可作为减少化肥投入的有效途径;集约化种猪场、生态养殖园和单一种植区农牧生产系统氮素利用效率分别为18.8%、20.6%和17.3%,均处于较低水平;集约化种猪场猪粪尿在猪舍和储藏处理过程的氮素损失率为15.8%和25.4%,分别低于小规模生态养殖园相应损失率约8.7和4.8个百分点;生态养殖园粪肥氮还田量高,导致农田氮素盈余量高达1962.8 kg.hm-.2a-1,未能实现生态型养殖的理想效果,优化氮素管理、确定合理的消纳畜禽粪尿的农田面积和调整畜禽养殖密度是解决该问题的关键。 | 侯勇 高志岭 马文奇 Lisa Heimann Marco Roelcke Rolf Nieder | 2012 | 生态学报2012，32，4： | 28 |
| 2 | Sources of nitrous and nitric oxides in paddy soils: Nitrification and denitrification显示文摘Rice-paddies are regarded as one of the main agricultural sources of N 2O and NO emissions. To date, however, specific N2O and NO production pathways are poorly understood in paddy soils. 15N-tracing experiments were carried out to investigate the processes responsible for N2O and NO production in two paddy soils with substantially different soil properties. Laboratory incubation experiments were carried out under aerobic conditions at moisture contents corresponding to 60% of water holding capacity. The relative importance of nitrification and denitrification to the flux of N2O was quantified by periodically measuring and comparing the enrichments of the N2O, NH+4-N and NO. 3-N pools. The results showed that both N2O and NO emission rates in an alkaline paddy soil with clayey texture were substantially higher than those in a neutral paddy soil with silty loamy texture. In accordance with most published results, the ammonium N pool was the main source of N2O emission across the soil profiles of the two paddy soils, being responsible for 59.7% to 97.7% of total N2O emissions. The NO. 3-N pool of N2O emission was relatively less important under the given aerobic conditions. The rates of N2O emission from nitrification(N2On) among different soil layers were significantly different, which could be attributed to both the differences in gross N nitrification rates and to the ratios of nitrified N emitted as N2O among soil layers. Furthermore, NO fluxes were positively correlated with the changes in gross nitrification rates and the ratios of NO/N2O in the two paddy soils were always greater than one(from 1.26 to 6.47). We therefore deduce that, similar to N2O, nitrification was also the dominant source of NO in the tested paddy soils at water contents below 60% water holding capacity. | Ting Lan Yong Han Marco Roelcke Rolf Nieder Zucong Cai | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，3： | 7 |
| 3 | Stereotactic radiotherapy of histologically proven inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer: Patterns of failure显示文摘 | Nicolaus Andratschke Frank Zimmermann Eva Boehm Sabine Schill Christine Schoenknecht Reinhard Thamm Michael Molls Carsten Nieder Hans Geinitz | 2011 | Radiotherapy and Oncology2011，，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Determination of fra- grance allergens in cosmetics by size - exclusion chromatography fol- lowed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry显示文摘 | NIEDERER M BOLLHALDER R HOHL CH | 2006 | Journal of Chro- matography A2006，1132，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Hepatitis B virus infection of tupaia hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo显示文摘 | Walter E Keist R Niederst B | 1996 | Hepatology1996，24，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Using QuickTime Virtual Reality Objects in Computer-assisted Instruction of Gross Anatomy:Yorick-the VR Skull显示文摘 | Gary L Nieder Jane N Scott | 2000 | Clinical Anatomy2000，13，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Injectable hydrogels by enzymatic co-crosslinking of dextran and hyaluronic acid tyramine conjugates显示文摘 | Wennink JH Niederer K Bochynska AI | 2011 | Macromol Symp2011，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | CO 2 capture from power plants显示文摘 | Mohammad R.M. Abu-Zahra John P.M. Niederer Paul H.M. Feron Geert F. Versteeg | 2007 | International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control2007，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Team based learning in a medical gross anatomy and embryology course 显示文摘 | Nieder GL Parmelee DX Stolfia A | 2005 | Clin Anat2005，18，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class does not predict survival in patients with four or more brain metastases显示文摘 | Nieder C Andratschke N Grosu AL | 2003 | Strahlenther Onkol2003，179，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Dose-response relationships for radiotherapy of brain metastases:role of intermediate-dose stereotactic radiosurgery plus whole-brain radiotherapy显示文摘 | Nieder C Nestle U Walter K | 2000 | Am J Clin Oncol2000，23，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Innovation strategies for radiation necrosis of the central nervous system显示文摘 | Nieder C Andratschke N Price RE | | Anticancer Res0，22，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Prognostic factors in brain metastases: should patients be selected for ag- gressive treatment according to recursive partitioning a- nalysis (RPA) classes显示文摘 | Nieder C Nestle U Motaref B | 2000 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys2000，46，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Team-based learning in a medical gross anatomy and embryology course显示文摘 | NIEDER G L | 2005 | Clin Anat2005，18，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Radical cystectomy after bacil- lus Calmette-Guerin for high-risk Ta,Tl,and carcinoma in situ: de- fining the risk of initial bladder preservation显示文摘 | Nieder AM Simon MA Kim SS | 2006 | Urology2006，67，： | 1 |
| 16 | Team-based Learning in a Medical Gross Anatomy and Embryology Course显示文摘 | GARY L NIEDER DEAN X PARMEI EE ADRIENNE STOLFI | 2005 | Clinical Anatomy2005，18，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Early Removal of Urinary Catheter after Radical Retropuhie Prostatectomy Is Both Feasible and Desirable显示文摘 | Lepor H Nieder A M Fraiman M C | 2001 | Urology2001，58，： | 1 |
| 18 | Team-based learning in a medical gross anatomy and embryology course显示文摘 | Nieder GL Parmelee DX Stolfi A | 2005 | Clin Anat2005，18，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Current status of angiogenesis inhibitors combined with radiation therapy显示文摘 | Nieder C Wiedenmann N Andratschke N | 2006 | Cancer Treat Rev2006，32，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Representation of number in the brain 显示文摘 | Nieder A Dehaene S | 2009 | Annu Rev Neurosci2009，32，： | 1 |
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