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| 1 | Differing coping mechanisms, stress level and anorectal physiology in patients with functional constipation显示文摘AIM: To investigate coping mechanisms, constipation symptoms and anorectal physiology in 80 constipated subjects and 18 controls.METHODS: Constipation was diagnosed by Rome Ⅱ criteria.Coping ability and anxiety/depression were assessed by validated questionnaires. Transit time and balloon distension test were performed.RESULTS: 34.5% patients were classified as slow transit type of constipation. The total colonic transit time (56 h vs 10 h, P<0.0001) and rectal sensation including urge sensation (79 mL vs 63 mL, P = 0.019) and maximum tolerable volume (110 mL vs95 mL, P = 0.03) differed in patients and controls. Constipated subjects had significantly higher anxiety and depression scores and lower SF-36 scores in all categories. They also demonstrated higher scores of'monitoring' coping strategy (14+6 vs9+3, P = 0.001),which correlated with the rectal distension sensation (P = 0.005), urge sensation (P=0.002), and maximum tolerable volume (P = 0.035). The less use of blunting strategy predicted slow transit constipation in both univariate (P = 0.01) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: Defective or ineffective use of coping strategies may be an important etiology in functional constipation and subsequently reflected in abnormal anorectal physiology. | Annie OO Chan Cecilia Cheng Wai Mo Hui Wayne HC Hu Nina YH Wong KF Lam Wai Man Wong Kam Chuen Lai Shiu Kum Lam Benjamin CY Wong | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，34： | 92 |
| 2 | Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy显示文摘用树枝状的房间(DC ) 的免疫疗法基于种痘是为利用病人自己的潜力的一条同意的途径在变形荷尔蒙倔强的癌症消除肿瘤房间的免疫系统。尽管许多 DC 疫苗在诊所,并且在与临床的结果联系的一些情况中被测试了并且证明产生免疫性,外套在那里不仍然是怎么生产 DC 疫苗上的一致。能在我们将讨论什么从临床的研究关于人的 DC 生物学远这样被了解了,并且来临怎么当前在诊所使用 DC 疫苗的这评论被改进提高反肿瘤免疫。 | Rachel L Sabado Sreekumar Balan Nina Bhardwaj | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，1： | 63 |
| 3 | 北京市PM_(2.5)中主要重金属元素污染特征及季节变化分析显示文摘利用2005年4月18日—2008年9月27日北京市中国地质大学(东门)采样点的PM2.5质量浓度变化与重金属Cd、Pb、As、Cu及Zn等污染特征,结合最新发布的《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095—2012),初步分析了近4年时间里北京市单点PM2.5的污染水平及主要重金属污染元素的变化特征,得出了一些有意义的认识。2005年春季—2008年春季期间PM2.5质量浓度为13.1~171μg/m3之间变化,平均浓度为65.6μg/m3,超过最新环境空气质量标准制定的PM2.5年平均浓度限值35μg/m3,北京市PM2.5污染形势依然严峻。奥运会及残奥会期间PM2.5的24 h质量浓度平均值为40.7μg/m3,没有超标。北京市PM2.5中的重金属元素含量及富集特征随着不同年份不同季节差别较大,典型的城市污染元素As在冬季质量浓度最高。对比环境空气质量标准的参考浓度限值发现,As元素的质量浓度在研究期间的年均值均超过了年平均浓度参考限值0.006μg/m3。化学分析结果显示人为污染是PM2.5中Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn、As重金属污染的主要来源,其中As污染需要引起足够重视。研究结果对于北京市大气污染防治具有一定的借鉴意义。 | 于扬 岑况 Stefan Norra Nina Schleicher 陈媛 | 2012 | 现代地质2012，26，5： | 49 |
| 4 | 北京市大气可吸入颗粒物的化学成分和来源显示文摘2007年3月至2008年5月,在北京市成府路东口设立采样点,共采集监测周期为一周的PM2.5(直径小于2.5μm的大气可吸入颗粒物)样品56个,用HR-ICP-MS方法测量了15种元素的含量,并在此基础上应用主因子分析法对PM2.5中这些元素的来源进行探讨。同时,在2008年奥运会和残奥会期间开展了24h时间间隔的密集采样,特别分析了机动车限行期间细颗粒污染物的浓度特征。结果表明,2007年春季至2008年春季期间北京市大气PM2.5平均浓度为72.9μg/m3,超过美国环保局(USEPA)制定的PM2.5年平均浓度限值15μg/m3的近5倍。机动车限行期间北京成府路东口采样点大气PM2.5的平均浓度为40.7μg/m3。通过因子分析方法确定北京PM2.5的3种可能来源:①交通排放、工业排放和燃煤,特征元素为Cu、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Cd、Pb;②本地扬尘和远源沙尘细颗粒;③可能与成土母岩风化有关的土壤颗粒的再悬浮和/或迁移,其方差贡献率分别为41.2%、31.4%和12.2%。 | 于扬 岑况 NORRA Stefan SCHLEICHER Nina 陈媛 | 2012 | 地质通报2012，31，1： | 21 |
| 5 | Liver fat content determined by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy显示文摘Hepatic steatosis as the most prevalent liver disorder can either be related to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In both conditions, hepatocytes excessively accumulate fatcontaining vacuoles within their cytoplasm, which is the key histological feature. In contrast to ALD, NAFLD is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity and insulin resistance. To determine increased liver fat content, liver biopsy is currently considered the gold standard. Besides the invasive technique, various other non-invasive techniques have been developed, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based methods. Among these techniques, ultrasound and CT provide only qualitative information about hepatic steatosis, whereas MRS-or MRI-based methods are able to determine even small amounts of fat accurately. These non-invasive magnetic resonance techniques have already proven their great potential, especially in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies regarding various metabolic conditions and medical treatment regimens. In this review, the most common, non-invasive MRS/MRI techniques for assessment of intrahepatic lipid content are described with their inherent advantages and limitations. | Fabian Springer Jürgen Machann Claus D Claussen Fritz Schick Nina F Schwenzer | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，13： | 19 |
| 6 | Optimal time to use low molecular weight heparin on prethrombotic state of rat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model显示文摘 | Wang Yanqing Sun Nina Cheng Zhaozhong Tong Li | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，3： | 19 |
| 7 | Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these.METHODS:Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were randomized to receive either a probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.acidophilus) NCFMTM (ATCC 700396) and Bifidobacterium lactis (B.lactis) Bl-04 (ATCC SD5219) or placebo in a double-blind manner for 4 mo,starting prior to onset of the birch pollen season.Symptoms were recorded in a diary.Blood samples were taken for analysis of cytokines and eosinophils.Fecal samples were analysed for microbiota components,calprotectin and IgA.Nasal swabs were taken for analysis of eosinophils.RESULTS:The pollen season induced a reduction in Bifidobacterium,Clostridium and Bacteroides which could not be prevented by the probiotic intervention.During the intervention,significantly higher numbers of B.lactis 11.2×107 ± 4.2×107 vs 0.1×107 ± 0.1×107 bacteria/g feces (P<0.0001) and L.acidophilus NCFMTM 3.5×106 ± 1.3×106 vs 0.2×106 ± 0.1×106 bacteria/g feces (P<0.0001) were observed in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.During May,there was a tendency for fewer subjects,(76.2% vs 95.2%,P=0.078) to report runny nose,while during June,fewer subjects,11.1% vs 33.3%,reported nasal blocking in the probiotics group (P =0.101).Concomitantly,fewer subjects in the probiotic group had infiltration of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa compared to the placebo group,57.1% vs 95% (P=0.013).Eye symptoms tended to be slightly more frequent in the probiotic group,12.5 d [interquartile range (IQR) 6-18] vs 7.5 d (IQR 0-11.5) (P=0.066) during May.Fecal IgA was increased in the placebo group during the pollen season;this increase was prevented by the probiotics (P=0.028).CONCLUSION:Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition.The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa,and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms. | Arthur C Ouwehand Merja Nermes Maria Carmen Collado Nina Rautonen Seppo Salminen Erika Isolauri | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，26： | 19 |
| 8 | 北京PM_(2.5)污染特征的分析显示文摘对北京市2007年10月至2011年6月的大气PM2.5质量浓度进行了分析。结果表明:春季、冬季的PM2.5质量浓度高于夏季、秋季,其中2008年8~9月和2009年8月的浓度较低。气象条件(如沙尘暴)是造成春季PM2.5浓度高的主要原因,燃煤取暖是造成冬季浓度高的主要原因。对于环境空气质量标准(GB3095─2012)中的PM2.5标准值,若采取北京奥运期间的空气质量保障措施,则北京以及其他城市的PM2.5达标是可以实现的。 | 张国文 陈义珍 刘厚凤 柴发合 赵妤希 Nina J.Schleicher Stefan Norra | 2012 | 江西农业学报2012，24，8： | 12 |
| 9 | 阿达木单抗与乌司奴单抗治疗中重度斑块型银屑病的疗效及复发的比较显示文摘目的比较两种生物制剂(乌司奴单抗UST和阿达木单抗ADA)治疗中重度斑块型银屑病的疗效、停药复发情况,探索复发先后相关的原因。方法对比两项Ⅲ期临床研究(UST 52例,ADA 40例):①治疗终点的疗效;②研究完成后,在最后一次注射试验药物后的12周±7天、24周±7天、36周±7天、48周±7天,四个停药访视点银屑病患者皮损面积和严重性指数(PASI)积分达到100%、90%、75%、50%的患者应答的人数用PASI100、PASI90、PASI75、PASI50表示;③停药复发先后与人口学及临床特征的相关性。结果①治疗终点两药PASI100、PASI90、PASI75应答率差异无统计学意义(PASI75的应答率ADA 92.16%和UST 100%);②停药后ADA比UST先失去PASI100、PASI90、PASI75、PASI50的应答;停药时间越长,ADA失去应答越多(停药48周时ADA组有2/3的患者复发,UST组不到1/4);③停药后复发者特征:UST皮损类型为混合型(即斑块型合并点滴型)的患者失去应答更快;ADA皮损颜色呈鲜红色、皮损瘙痒评分高、皮损面积大于30%、病程长的患者失去应答更快,复发早。结论两种生物制剂对中重度斑块型银屑病的疗效肯定,随着停药时间延长,UST治疗组皮损呈混合型者、ADA治疗组皮损颜色呈鲜红色者先失去疗效。 | NINA Bhochhibhoya 张莉娜 郑捷 李霞 | 2019 | 中国皮肤性病学杂志2019，33，12： | 12 |
| 10 | 美国绿色建筑发展、经验及对中国的启示显示文摘在美国LEED认证和中国GBEL评级系统的基础上,简要回顾了美国和中国绿色建筑的发展进程。重点介绍了美国联邦建筑部门为建筑可持续发展所做的努力,包括完善的法律法规、国家政策、程序体系以及实施机构的尝试。目前,中国已制定了政府办公建筑的绿色发展战略,美国的经验可以从政策和程序角度为中国政府建筑的绿色发展提供借鉴。最后提出适合中国的政策建议。 | 冯威 Nina Z.Khanna 周楠 薛峰 那伯识 李金萍 | 2016 | 工业建筑2016，46，12： | 11 |
| 11 | 三萜类化合物对化学损伤原代培养大鼠肝细胞的保护作用显示文摘目的:研究三萜类化合物对半乳糖胺(D-GalN)和四氯化碳(CCl4)损伤原代培养大鼠肝细胞的保护作用及其机制。方法:两步灌流法分离大鼠肝细胞进行原代培养,评价积雪草酸(asiaticacid,AA)和β-甘草次酸(β-glycyrrhetinicacid,GA)对D-GalN和CCl4损伤原代培养肝细胞的保护作用。光镜评价细胞生长形态,MTT法测定细胞活性,测定细胞上清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH);并以荧光分光光度法测定细胞中活性氧(ROS),细胞上清活性氮终产物(NOx)和细胞内谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量;用JC-1法测定细胞线粒体膜电位(ΔΨm)。结果:AA和GA均可显著抑制D-GalN所致的AST和LDH升高(P<0.05),AA尚能提高细胞存活率(P<0.05);AA和GA也能显著抑制CCl4所致的LDH释放(P<0.05)。AA和GA均显著减少两种化学损伤细胞ROS生成和NOx释放,明显改善D-GalN所致细胞线粒体ΔΨm的降低;AA尚显著抑制两种化学损伤细胞内GSH降低。结论:三萜类化合物对D-GalN和CCl4致原代培养大鼠肝细胞损伤有保护作用,其机制与抑制细胞ROS、NOx生成和GSH降低相关,对D-GalN损伤尚有改善线粒体膜电位作用。 | 马葵芬 张相宜 齐罗扬 王燕 周长新 Nina Artanti Novik Nurhidayat Lince Yarni 楼宜嘉 | 2007 | 浙江大学学报(医学版)2007，36，3： | 10 |
| 12 | Increasing dietary fiber intake in terms of kiwifruit improves constipation in Chinese patients显示文摘瞄准:如果以弥猴桃,增加的饮食的纤维在中国便秘的病人是有效的,调查。方法:33 个便秘的病人和 20 个健康志愿者每天为弥猴桃的 4-wk 治疗被招募两次。反应在 wk 1-4 期间被定义为完全的自发的碗的增加,运动(CSBM )>= 1/wk。第二等的功效在肠习惯和便秘的 wk 1-4,单个症状和分数期间包括了反应。回答与基线 run-in 时期相比。结肠的运输时间和肛门直肠的测压法在治疗前后被执行。结果:应答者率在便秘的组是 54.5% 。吝啬的 CSBM 增加了术后疗法(2.2 +/- 2.6 对 4.4 +/- 4.6, P = 0.013 ) 。也在为便秘的麻烦海角的分数有改进(P = 0.02 ) ,并且肠习惯的满足(P = 0.001 ) ,并且在使用的 laxative 的天内减少了(P = 0.003 ) 。也在运输时间有改进(P = 0.003 ) 并且直肠的感觉(P <
0.05 ) 。然而,在健康题目在肠症状或肛门直肠的生理学没有变化。结论:增加饮食的纤维吸入在在中国人口减轻长期的便秘是有效的。 | Annie On On Chan Gigi Leung Teresa Tong Nina YH Wong | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，35： | 10 |
| 13 | Association of Streptococcus bovis presence in colonic content with advanced colonic lesion显示文摘AIM:To prospectively examine the association between presence of Streptococcus bovis(S.bovis)in colonic suction fluid and the endoscopic findings on colonoscopy.METHODS:From May 2012 to March 2013,203 consecutivepatients who underwent colonoscopy for any reason were enrolled in the study.Exclusion criteria included:antibiotic use in the previous month,age younger than18 years,and inadequate preparation for colonoscopy.The colonoscopy was performed for the total length of the colon or to the occluding tumor.The endoscopic findings were registered.Samples were obtained proximal to the colonoscopic part of the suction tube from each patient and sent to the clinical microbiology laboratory for isolation and identification of S.bovis.Samples were incubated in enrichment media with addition of antibiotic disks for inhibition of growth of Gram-negative rods.The samples were seeded on differential growth media;suspected positive colonies were isolated and identified with Gram staining,catalase,and pyrrolidonyl arylamidase tests,and further identified using a VITEK2 system.Statistical analyses were performed using the Student’s t andχ2 tests.RESULTS:Of the 203 patients recruited,49(24%)patients were found to be S.bovis carriers;of them,the endoscopic findings included:17(34.7%)cases with malignant tumors,11(22.4%)with large polyps,5(10.2%)with medium-sized polyps,6(12.2%)with small polyps,4(8.1%)with colitis,and 6(12.2%)normal colonoscopies.Of 154 patients found negative for S.bovis,the endoscopic findings included:none with malignant tumors,9(5.8%)cases with large polyps,11(7.1%)with medium-sized polyps,26(16.9%)with small polyps,7(4.5%)with colitis,and101(65.6%)normal colonoscopies.S.bovis(Grampositive coccus)is considered part of the normal intestinal flora.There is an association between S.bovis bacteremia and colonic neoplasia.It is not well understood whether the bacterium has a pathogenetic role in the development of neoplasia or constitutes an epiphenomenon of colorectal neoplasms.There was a clear relationship between positivity for S.bovis in colonic suction fluid and findings of malignant tumors and large polyps in the colon.CONCLUSION:There is an association between S.bovis bacteremia and malignant colonic lesions;this should prompt for development of a reliable screening method for advanced colonic lesions. | Maya Paritsky Nina Pastukh Diana Brodsky Natalya Isakovich Avi Peretz | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 9 |
| 14 | Apolipoprotein E, amyloid-beta, and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Alzheimer's disease(AD) is characterized by the accumulation and deposition of amyloid-beta(Aβ) peptides in the brain. Neuroinflammation occurs in the AD brain and plays a critical role in the neurodegenerative pathology. Particularly, Aβ evokes an inflammatory response that leads to synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death, and neurodegeneration. Apolipoprotein E(ApoE) proteins are involved in cholesterol transport, Aβ binding and clearance, and synaptic functions in the brain. The ApoE4 isoform is a key risk factor for AD, while the ApoE2 isoform has a neuroprotective effect. However, studies have reached different conclusions about the roles of the isoforms; some show that both ApoE3 and ApoE4 have anti-infl ammatory effects, while others show that ApoE4 causes a predisposition to inflammation or promotes an inflammatory response following lipopolysaccharide treatment. These discrepancies may result from the differences in models, cell types, experimental conditions, and inflammatory stimuli used. Further, little was known about the role of ApoE isoforms in the Aβ-induced inflammatory response and in the neuroinflammation of AD. Our recent work showed that ApoE isoforms differentially regulate and modify the Aβ-induced infl ammatory response in neural cells, with ApoE2 suppressing and ApoE4 promoting the response. In this article, we review the roles, mechanisms, and interrelations among Aβ, ApoE, and neuroinfl ammation in AD. | Evan Dorey Nina Chang Qing Yan Liu Ze Yang Wandong Zhang | 2014 | Neuroscience Bulletin2014，30，2： | 9 |
| 15 | Protective effects of ischemic preconditioning and application of lipoic acid prior to 90 min of hepatic ischemia in a rat model显示文摘AIM: To compare different preconditioning strategies to protect the liver from ischemia/reperfusion injury focusing on the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Interventions comprised different modes of ischemic preconditioning (IP) as well as pharmacologic pretreatment by α-lipoic acid (LA). METHODS: Several groups of rats were compared: sham operated animals, non-pretreated animals (nt), animals receiving IP (10 min of ischemia by clamping of the portal triad and 10 min of reperfusion) prior to sustained ischemia, animals receiving selective ischemic preconditioning (IPsel, 10 min of ischemia by selective clamping of the ischemic lobe and 10 min of reperfusion) prior to sustained ichemia, and animals receiving 500 μmol α-LA injected i.v. 15 min prior to the induction of 90 min of selective ischemia. RESULTS: Cellular damage was decreased only in the LA group. TUNEL-positive hepatocytes as well as necrotic hepatocyte injury were also decreased only by LA (19 ± 2 vs 10 ± 1, P < 0.05 and 29 ± 5 vs 12 ± 1, P < 0.05). Whereas caspase 3- activities in liver tissue were unchanged, caspase 9- activity in liver tissue was decreased only by LA pretreatment (3.1 ± 0.3 vs 1.8 ± 0.2, P < 0.05). Survival rate as the endpoint of liver function was increased after IP and LA pretreatment but not after IPsel. Levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver tissue were decreased in the IP as well as in the LA group compared to the nt group. Determination of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins showed a shift towardsanti-apoptotic proteins by LA. In contrast, both our IP strategies failed to influence apototic cell death. CONCLUSION: IP, consisting of 10 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion, protects only partly against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the liver prior to 90 min of selective ischemia. IPsel did not influence ischemic tolerance of the liver. LA improved tolerance to ischemia, possibly by downregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax. | Friedrich Duenschede Kirsten Erbes Nina Riegler Patrick Ewald Achim Kircher Stefanie Westermann Arno Schad Imke Miesmer Simon Albrecht-Schck Ines Gockel Alexandra K Kiemer Theodor Junginger | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 8 |
| 16 | 树轮记录的青藏高原西南部过去644年的降水变化显示文摘位于青藏高原西南部的谢通门地区,是典型的高原半干旱地区之一,研究其降水变化特征具有重要意义.利用谢通门地区的大果圆柏(Sabina tibetica Kom.)树轮宽度资料,分析了树轮宽度对气候要素的响应特征.研究发现,制约树木径向生长的主要因子是年总降水.为兼顾分析气候序列在高低频域的变化特征,利用标准化年表通过方差匹配方法和采用差值年表通过线性回归方程转换,分别重建了谢通门公元1360~ 2013年间(644年)的年(上一年7月至当年6月)降水变化.基于标准化年表的重建结果表明,谢通门降水序列存在明显的年代际气候变化韵律,相对于平均值偏湿的持续时段发生在公元1360 ~ 1368年、1505 ~ 1599年、1631~ 1640年、1654~1797年、1825~1836年、1890~1901年和1975年之后;偏干的持续时段发生在公元1369~1504年、1600~1630年、1641~1653年、1798~1824年、1837~1889年和1902~ 1974年.与林周地区降水序列、高原南部区域降水序列和亚洲季风区PDSI网格重建中提取的邻近4个格点数据的平均序列对比发现,过去共同的640年内(公元1360~2000年)青藏高原南部地区经历了相同的干湿变化过程,在年代际尺度上变化一致,可能受到相同的气候驱动因子控制.空间相关性分析也表明,谢通门地区年降水变化具有一定的空间代表性,可以反映青藏高原西南部地区的降水变化.多窗谱分析(MTM)检测出该重建序列在过去644年中存在128a、3.5a、2.9a、2.5a和2.1a的显著周期. | 刘晶晶 Nina Datsenko | 2015 | 第四纪研究2015，35，5： | 8 |
| 17 | MRI的ROI体积测量法和直径体积测量法对宫颈癌放疗效果的临床实用性评价显示文摘目的 评价ROI体积测量法和直径体积测量法对宫颈癌放疗效果的临床实用性。方法 60例宫颈癌患者给予 3次放疗和 4次MRI检查。①第 1次放疗前MRI检查。②间隔第 1次放疗 2~ 2 .5周进行第 2次放疗 (剂量 :2 0~ 2 5Gy)前进行第 2次MRI检查。③间隔第 1次放疗 4~ 5周进行第 3次放疗 (剂量 :45~ 5 0Gy)前进行第 3次MRI检查。④间隔第 3次放疗 1~ 2月患者随访时进行第 4次MRI检查。测量 4次MRI矢状面、横断面T2 WI上宫颈癌病灶大小 ,采用公式计算病灶体积。ROI体积测量法 :勾画矢状面T2 WI每个层面上病灶ROI范围 ,通过公式计算病灶体积。直径体积测量法 :测量MRI矢状面、横断面T2 WI上病灶的 3条最大径(d 1,d 2 ,d 3 ) ,采用公式计算病灶体积。 2种测量结果与肿瘤放疗的衰退率进行相关性研究。结果 ROI体积测量法和直径体积测量法在放疗前和放疗后具有显著的相关性 (r1 =0 .89;r4=0 .80 ) ,而在放疗期间相关性不明显 (r2 =0 .17,第 2次放疗前测量 ;r3 =0 .69,第 3次放疗前测量 )。与ROI体积测量法相比较 ,直径体积测量法上肿瘤体积较大 ,而衰退率呈“缓慢下降”趋势。结论 ROI体积测量法比直径体积测量法在放疗期间更能反映宫颈癌放疗的衰退率 ;在评估宫颈癌放疗效果方面 。 | 李文彬 李明华 崔雪娥 William T.C.Yuh Nina A.Mayr | 2004 | 实用放射学杂志2004，20，7： | 8 |
| 18 | The influence of the crystalline nature of nano-metal oxides on their antibacterial and toxicity properties显示文摘nano 金属氧化物的抗菌剂性质(ZnO, CuO ) 基于反应的氧种类(ROS ) 的形成。这个工作表明这些 nano 金属氧化物的抗菌剂性质强烈依赖于他们的水晶的结构。nanooxides 的抗菌剂活动对通常引起医院的感染的细菌的四种类型被测试。sonochemical 方法在纺织品上为 nanooxides 而且到他们的涂层的合成被使用不仅。与商业、 sonochemically 准备的 nano 金属氧化物涂的纺织品的抗菌剂性质被评估并且比较。毒性在人的肺房间和两栖动物胚胎上被评估,作为为吸入和水的毒物学的代表性的模型。sonochemically 准备的金属 nanooxides 比有一样的粒子尺寸范围的商业地可得到的金属氧化物是更好的抗菌剂。有更多的缺点和更少的组织结构的雏晶是更多,这被发现有毒。ROS 的形成被电子纺纱学习为两个的回声(ESR ) 大小 sonochemically 准备了并且 ZnO/CuO nanoparticles 的商业样品。激进的种类的生产的重要增加在更有缺点的、 sonochemically 准备的样品被发现,作为与商业的相比。因为 nanoparticle 缺点的调整影响了他们的毒性,设计更安全的 nano 抗菌剂的可能性被显示。 | liana Perelshtein Anat Lipovsky Nina Perkas Aharon Gedanken Elisa Moschini Paride Mantecca | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，2： | 8 |
| 19 | 人类对硝酸盐输出的影响:利用世界主要河流开展的分析显示文摘我们制定了一种简单的模型,将硝酸盐(NO_3)输出与点源氮负荷和来自化学肥料和氮氧化物(NO_y)沉降的非点源氮负荷联系起来,并利用分布于全球的35条大河流得出的数据对模型进行全球规模的检验。该模型对世界不同地区近千倍变化的硝酸盐输出作了良好的解释(r^2>0.8)。此模型说明人类活动是硝酸盐输出的主要控制因子,即使现在每年100Tg N中只有不到20Tg N是施到土地的肥料和氮氧化物沉降物以硝酸盐形态由河流输出的。将来,流域向河流输出的硝酸盐量有可能增加,因为对流域的负荷增加或者流域的氮滞留减少。简单的模型,与河流中硝酸盐连续测量相结合,将用来对这些区域变化做出解释。 | Nina F.Caraco Jonathan J.Cole 郑亚新 | 1999 | 人类环境杂志1999，28，2： | 8 |
| 20 | Juvenile hominoid cranium from the terminal Miocene of Yunnan,China显示文摘Fossil apes are known from several late Miocene localities in Yunnan Province,southwestern China,principally from Shihuiba(Lufeng)and the Yuanmou Basin,and represent three species of Lufengpithecus.They mostly comprise large samples of isolated teeth,but there are also several partial or complete adult crania from Shihuiba and a single juvenile cranium from Yuanmou.Here we describe a new,relatively complete and largely undistorted juvenile cranium from the terminal Miocene locality of Shuitangba,also in Yunnan.It is only the second ape juvenile cranium recovered from the Miocene of Eurasia and it is provisionally assigned to the species present at Shihuiba,Lufengpithecus lufengensis.Lufengpithecus has most often been linked to the extant orangutan,Pongo pygmaeus,but recent studies of the crania from Shihuiba and Yuanmou have demonstrated that this is unlikely.The new cranium reinforces the view that Lufengpithecus represents a distinct,late surviving lineage of large apes in the late Miocene of East Asia that does not appear to be closely affiliated with any extant ape lineage.It substantially increases knowledge of cranial morphology in Lufengpithecus and demonstrates that species of this genus represent a morphologically diverse radiation of apes,which is consistent with the dynamic tectonic and biotic milieu of southwestern China in the late Miocene. | JI XuePing JABLONSKI Nina G SU Denise F DENG ChengLong FLYNN Lawrence J YOU YouShan KELLEY Jay | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，31： | 8 |
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