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| 1 | Histopathological characteristics and causes of kidney graft failure in the current era of immunosuppression显示文摘BACKGROUND The histopathological findings on the failing kidney allograft in the modern era is not well studied. In this study, we present our experience working with kidney transplant recipients with graft failure within one year of the biopsy.AIM To report the histopathological characteristics of failed kidney allografts in the current era of immunosuppression based on the time after transplant, cause of the end-stage renal disease and induction immunosuppressive medications.METHODS In a single-center observational study, we characterized the histopathological findings of allograft biopsies in kidney transplant recipients with graft failure within one year after the biopsy.RESULTS We identified 329 patients with graft failure that met the selection criteria between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2016. The three most common biopsy findings were interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy(IFTA, 53%), acute rejection (AR, 43%) and transplant glomerulopathy(TG, 33%). Similarly, the three most common causes of graft failure based on the primary diagnosis were AR(40%),TG(17%), and IFTA(13%). Most grafts failed within two years of post-transplant(36%). Subsequently, approximately 10%-15% of grafts failed every two years: >2-4 years(16%), > 4-6 years(13%), > 6-8 years(11%), > 8-10 years(9%) and > 10 years(16%). AR was the most common cause of graft failure in the first six years(48%), whereas TG was the most prevalent cause of graft failure after 6 years(32%) of transplant.CONCLUSION In the current era of immunosuppression, AR is still the most common cause of early graft failure, while TG is the most prevalent cause of late graft failure. | Sandesh Parajuli Fahad Aziz Neetika Garg Sarah E Panzer Emily Joachim Brenda Muth Maha Mohamed Justin Blazel Weixiong Zhong Brad C Astor Didier A Mandelbrot Arjang Djamali | 2019 | World Journal of Transplantation2019，9，6： | 2 |
| 2 | Pin:Building customized program analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation 显示文摘 | Luk C K Cohn R Muth R | 2005 | Association of Computer Machinery Sigplan Notices2005，40，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC 显示文摘 | Raj VS Mou HH Smits SL Dekkers DH Mueller MA Dijkman R Muth DA Zaki A Fouchier RA Thiel V Drosten C Rottier PJ Osterhaus AD Bosch BJ Haagmans BL | 2013 | Nature2013，495，7440： | 1 |
| 4 | Refractive indices and adsorption coefficients of MgxZn1-x O alloys显示文摘 | Teng C W Muth J F Ozgur U | 2000 | Applied Physics Letters2000，76，8： | 1 |
| 5 | Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction 显示文摘 | Corman V M Eckerle I Bleicker T Zaki A Landt O Eschbach-Bludau M van Boheemen S Gopal R Ball- hause M Bestebroer T M Muth D Mtiller M A Drex-ler JF Zambon M Osterhaus A D Fouchier R M Drosten C | 2012 | Euro Surveill2012，17，39： | 1 |
| 6 | Dominance of tunneling current and band filling in InGaN/AlGaN double heterostructure blue light-emitting diodes显示文摘 | Casey H C Muth J J Krishnankutty S | 1996 | Applied PhysicsLetter1996，68，： | 1 |
| 7 | Refractive indices and ad-sorption coefficients of MgsZnj 0 alloys 显示文摘 | Teng C W Muth J F Ozgur U | 2000 | Appl PhysLett2000，76，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Gas embolism显示文摘 | Muth C M Shank E S | 2000 | N Eng J Med2000，342，： | 1 |
| 9 | 显示文摘 | Muth J F | 2000 | Appl Phys Lett2000，76，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Pin:building customized program analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation显示文摘 | LUK C K COHN R MUTH R | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 11 | Refractive indices and absorption coefficients of Mgx Zn1-x O alloys显示文摘 | Teng C W Muth J F Ozgur U | 2000 | ApplPhys Lett2000，76，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Line tests show DRA' s don' t cross-contam- inate显示文摘 | Goudy C F L Muth C I | 1989 | Oil Gas Journal1989，87，20： | 1 |
| 13 | Downstream transport of fish larvae in a shallow prairie river 显示文摘 | Muth R T Schmulbach J C | 1984 | Transactions of the American Fisheries Society1984，113，2： | 1 |
| 14 | The inhibiting effects of Urtica dioica root extracts on experimentally induced prostatic hyperplasia in mouse 显示文摘 | Linus J J Muth C | 1997 | Planta Med1997，63，： | 1 |
| 15 | Line tests show DRA' s don' t cross-con- taminate 显示文摘 | Goudy C F L Muth C I | 1989 | Oil Gas Journal1989，87，20： | 1 |
| 16 | Genomic characterisation, chromosomal assignment and in vivo localisation of the canine high mobility group A1 ( HMGA1 ) gene 显示文摘 | Beuing C Soller JT Muth M | 2008 | Biol Med Central (BMC)2008，9，： | 1 |
| 17 | Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: A comparative serological study显示文摘 | Reusken C B E M Haagmans B L Miiller M A Guti- errez C Godeke G-J Meyer B Muth D Raj V S Vries L S-D Corman V M Drexler J-F Smits S L E1 Tahir Y E De Sousa R van Beek J Nowotny N van Maanen K Hidalgo-Hermoso E Bosch B-J Rot- tier P Osterhaus A Gortdzar-Schmidt C Drosten C Koopmans M P G | 2013 | The Lan cet Infectious Diseases2013，13，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Antibodies against mers coronavirus in dromedary cam- els, united arab emirates, 2003 and 2013显示文摘 | Meyer B Muller M A Corman V M Reusken C B Ritz D Godeke G J Lattwein E Kallies S Siemens A van Beek J Drexler J F Muth D Bosch B J Wernery U Koopmans M P Wernery R Drosten C | 2014 | Emerg Infect Dis2014，20，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Eseherichia coli producing biosynthetic human insulin proteins显示文摘 | WILLIAMS D C Van Frank R M Muth W L | 1982 | Science1982，215，： | 1 |
| 20 | Pin: building customized pro- gram analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation 显示文摘 | LUK C K COHN R MUTH R | 2005 | ACM SIGP- LAN Notices2005，40，6： | 1 |
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