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| 1 | 陕北黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式下土壤碳剖面分布特征显示文摘黄土高原土层深厚,土壤剖面碳存储受土地利用方式影响明显.为探讨不同土地利用方式对深层土壤碳分布的影响,研究了人工经济林地(陕北米脂)、退耕还林地(神木)和防风固沙林地(榆林榆阳区)0~20.0 m土壤有机碳(SOC)和无机碳(SIC)的分布特征和差异.结果表明,在不同土地利用方式下SOC含量:矮化枣树(2.00 g·kg^(-1))>未矮化枣树(1.54 g·kg^(-1))>柠条林(0.97 g·kg^(-1))>退化人工草地(0.81 g·kg^(-1))>樟子松林(0.70 g·kg^(-1))>荒草地(0.45 g·kg^(-1)),且各剖面之间SOC含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05).在不同土地利用方式下SIC含量:矮化枣树(11.66 g·kg^(-1))≥未矮化枣树(11.59g·kg^(-1))>柠条林(9.62 g·kg^(-1))>退化人工草地(8.07 g·kg^(-1))>樟子松林(4.32 g·kg^(-1))>荒草地(0.47 g·kg^(-1));人工经济林和退耕还林(草)样地内所有土壤剖面之间SIC含量无显著性差异;人工经济林、退耕还林(草)剖面和防风固沙林地剖面SIC含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05).矮化枣树、未矮化枣树、柠条林、退化人工草地、樟子松林和荒草地土壤剖面无机碳密度分别是有机碳密度的6.19、7.71、10.80、10.78、5.91和1.03倍.综上可见,不同土地利用方式之间土壤碳储量存在明显差异,无机碳的含量远高于有机碳. | 兰志龙 赵英 张建国 李会杰 司炳成 焦瑞 Muhammad Numan Khan Tanveer Ali Sial | 2018 | 环境科学2018，39，1： | 25 |
| 2 | 25年长期定位不同施肥措施对关中塿土水力学性质的影响显示文摘土壤水力学性质和功能的变化是评价长期施肥是否维持土壤可持续健康发展的重要方面。该研究通过采取'国家黄土肥力与肥料效益监测基地'的表层原状土壤,分析测定了撂荒(LH)、休闲(XX)、不施肥(CK)、单施氮肥(N)、氮磷钾肥(NPK)和有机肥与氮磷钾肥配施(MNPK)6个处理的土壤水分特征曲线、饱和导水率和紧实度等指标,评价了长期定位施肥对土壤基本物理性质和水力学性质的影响。结果表明:1)与CK、N和NPK处理相比,MNPK处理显著提高了土壤有机碳、饱和导水率和孔隙度,而降低了土壤容重和紧实度(P<0.05)。2)不同施肥处理之间的土壤水分特征曲线表现出一定的差异,其土壤持水能力强弱为:XX9μm大孔隙范围内,其次是<0.2μm小孔隙范围,0.2~9μm之间的中孔隙分布较少。综上,MNPK有助于改善土壤结构,提高土壤持水性,降低土壤容重和紧实度,有助于作物生长和高产,是关中地区较为适宜的施肥措施。 | 兰志龙 Muhammad Numan Khan Tanveer Ali Sial 杨学云 赵英 张建国 | 2018 | 农业工程学报2018，34，24： | 10 |
| 3 | A framework for stochastic estimation of electric vehicle charging behavior for risk assessment of distribution networks显示文摘Power systems are being transformed to enhance the sustainability.This paper contributes to the knowledge regarding the operational process of future power networks by developing a realistic and stochastic charging model of electric vehicles(EVs).Large-scale integration of EVs into residential distribution networks(RDNs)is an evolving issue of paramount significance for utility operators.Unbalanced voltages prevent effective and reliable operation of RDNs.Diversified EV loads require a stochastic approach to predict EVs charging demand,consequently,a probabilistic model is developed to account several realistic aspects comprising charging time,battery capacity,driving mileage,state-of-charge,traveling frequency,charging power,and time-of-use mechanism under peak and off-peak charging strategies.An attempt is made to examine risks associated with RDNs by applying a stochastic model of EVs charging pattern.The output of EV stochastic model obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations is utilized to evaluate the power quality parameters of RDNs.The equipment capability of RDNs must be evaluated to determine the potential overloads.Performance specifications of RDNs including voltage unbalance factor,voltage behavior,domestic transformer limits and feeder losses are assessed in context to EV charging scenarios with various charging power levels at different penetration levels.Moreover,the impact assessment of EVs on RDNs is found to majorly rely on the type and location of a power network. | Salman HABIB Muhammad Mansoor KHAN Farukh ABBAS Muhammad NUMAN Yaqoob ALI Houjun TANG Xuhui YAN | 2020 | Frontiers in Energy2020，14，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Dynamics of organic carbon and nitrogen in deep soil profile and crop yields under long-term fertilization in wheat-maize cropping system显示文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen(N)are two of the most important indicators for agricultural productivity.The primary objective of this study was to investigate the changes in SOC and N in the deep soil profile(up to 100 cm)and their relationships with crop productivity under the influence of long-term(since 1990)fertilization in the wheat-maize cropping system.Treatments included CK(control),NP(inorganic N and phosphorus(P)fertilizers),NPK(inorganic N,P and potassium fertilizers),NPKM(NPK plus manure),and M(manure).Crop yield and the properties of topsoil were measured yearly from 2001 to 2009.C and N contents were measured at five different depths in 2001 and 2009.The results showed that wheat and maize yields decreased between 2001 and 2009 under the inorganic fertilizer(NP and NPK)treatments.The average yield between 2001 and 2009 under the NP,NPK,NPKM,and M treatments(compared with the CK treatment)increased by 38,115,383,and 381%,respectively,for wheat and 348,891,2738,and 1845%,respectively,for maize.Different long-term fertilization treatments significantly changed coarse free particulate(cf POC),fine free particulate(ff POC),intramicroaggregate particulate(i POC),and mineral-associated(m SOC)organic carbon fractions.In the experimental years of 2001 and 2009,soil fractions occurred in the following order for all treatments:m SOC>cf POC>i POC>ff POC.All fractions were higher under the manure application treatments than under the inorganic fertilization treatments.Compared to the inorganic fertilization treatments,manure input enhanced the stocks of SOC and total N in the surface layer(0–20 cm)but decreased SOC and N in the deep soil layer(80–100 cm).This reveals the efficiency of manure in increasing yield productivity and decreasing risk of vertical loss of nutrients,especially N,compared to inorganic fertilization treatments.The findings provide opportunities for understanding deep soil C and N dynamics,which could help mitigate climate change impact on agricultural production and maintain soil health. | Muhammad QASWAR LI Dong-chu HUANG Jing HAN Tian-fu Waqas AHMED Sehrish ALI Muhammad Numan KHAN Zulqarnain Haider KHAN XU Yong-mei LI Qian ZHANG Hui-min WANG Bo-ren Ahmad TAUQEER | 2022 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2022，21，3： | 2 |
| 5 | A single-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene sheets decorated with cobalt hydroxide nanoflakes for the determination of dopamine显示文摘Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide(NrGO)sheets decorated with Co(OH)_2nanoflakes were prepared by a single-step hydrothermal process.The morphological and structural characterizations of as synthesized Nr GO@Co(OH)_2nanoflakes were performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),EDX-mapping and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Nr GO@Co(OH)_2nanoflakes modified glassy carbon electrode(GCE)was used for electrochemical sensing of dopamine in neutral medium.The nanocomposite modified electrode showed enhanced electrochemical sensing ability for the detection of dopamine and the limit of detection(Lo D)was found to be 0.201μM with a sensitivity value of 0.0286±0.002 m A m M^(-1).Interference studies revealed that Nr GO@Co(OH)_2─GCE endow excellent selectivity for DA detection even in the presence of higher concentration of common co-existing physiological interfering analytes.Additionally,proposed sensor demonstrated excellent performance in urine samples with promising reproducibility and stability. | Muhammad Mehmood Shahid Ahmad H. Ismail Ali MA. Abdul Amir AL-Mokaram R. Vikneswaran Sohail Ahmad Amir Hamza Arshid Numan | 2017 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2017，27，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Call Census,Habitat Suitability Modeling,and Local Communities’Perceptions for the Conservation of a Globally Threatened Avian Flagship Species显示文摘The Western tragopan(Tragopan melanocephalus)is recorded in the IUCN Red List of 2017 as a vulnerable bird species in Pakistan.This study provides valuable information for the conservation of Western tragopan,which is a globally threatened avian flagship species in Pakistan.This study was conducted to investigate and resolve the conservation challenges surrounding the species in two major habitat zones-Salkhala Game Reserve and Machiara National Park.The study was implemented in May-June 2020 for population density using call count data.Also,questionnaire was used for local residents’perceptions and habitat suitability modeling map was generated using the MaxEnt model based on previously recorded occurrence points as well as recorded in the survey.A total of 26 western Tragopans were identified by call count during the sampling period.Moreover,about 77.3%cited Western Tragopan they more likely to hunt while the remaining 22.6%locals recorded other pheasant.About 45.3%of this hunting for fun but only 22%for economic values and only 3%of people consider hunting as a part of their culture.Results of modeling habitat suitability of the Western tragopan showed that the species suitable habitats are small and patchy in Pakistan.We found that the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)with 40.6 percent contribution was the most important variable in shaping the species distribution.Our model identified some new suitable patches which can be the target of future field monitoring for finding new populations of the species and future conservation planning. | Abid Ali Iftikhar Uz Zaman Abbas Khan Masoud Yousefi Zahid Ali Muhammad Numan Khan | 2022 | Journal of Zoological Research2022，4，1： | 0 |
| 7 | Automated Video Generation of Moving Digits from Text Using Deep Deconvolutional Generative Adversarial Network显示文摘Generating realistic and synthetic video from text is a highly challenging task due to the multitude of issues involved,including digit deformation,noise interference between frames,blurred output,and the need for temporal coherence across frames.In this paper,we propose a novel approach for generating coherent videos of moving digits from textual input using a Deep Deconvolutional Generative Adversarial Network(DD-GAN).The DDGAN comprises a Deep Deconvolutional Neural Network(DDNN)as a Generator(G)and a modified Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN)as a Discriminator(D)to ensure temporal coherence between adjacent frames.The proposed research involves several steps.First,the input text is fed into a Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)based text encoder and then smoothed using Conditioning Augmentation(CA)techniques to enhance the effectiveness of the Generator(G).Next,using a DDNN to generate video frames by incorporating enhanced text and random noise and modifying a DCNN to act as a Discriminator(D),effectively distinguishing between generated and real videos.This research evaluates the quality of the generated videos using standard metrics like Inception Score(IS),Fréchet Inception Distance(FID),Fréchet Inception Distance for video(FID2vid),and Generative Adversarial Metric(GAM),along with a human study based on realism,coherence,and relevance.By conducting experiments on Single-Digit Bouncing MNIST GIFs(SBMG),Two-Digit Bouncing MNIST GIFs(TBMG),and a custom dataset of essential mathematics videos with related text,this research demonstrates significant improvements in both metrics and human study results,confirming the effectiveness of DD-GAN.This research also took the exciting challenge of generating preschool math videos from text,handling complex structures,digits,and symbols,and achieving successful results.The proposed research demonstrates promising results for generating coherent videos from textual input. | Anwar Ullah Xinguo Yu Muhammad Numan | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，77，11： | 0 |
| 8 | Analyzing and Enabling the Harmonious Coexistence of Heterogeneous Industrial Wireless Networks显示文摘Nowadays multiple wireless communication systems operate in industrial environments side by side.In such an environment performance of one wireless network can be degraded by the collocated hostile wireless network having higher transmission power or higher carrier sensing threshold.Unlike the previous research works which considered IEEE 802.15.4 for the Industrial Wireless communication systems(iWCS)this paper examines the coexistence of IEEE 802.11 based iWCS used for delay-stringent communication in process automation and gWLAN(general-purpose WLAN)used for non-real time communication.In this paper,we present a Markov chain-based performance model that described the transmission failure of iWCS due to geographical collision with gWLAN.The presented analytic model accurately determines throughput,packet transaction delay,and packet loss probability of iWCS when it is collocated with gWLAN.The results of the Markov model match more than 90%with our simulation results.Furthermore,we proposed an adaptive transmission power control technique for iWCS to overcome the potential interferences caused by the gWLAN transmissions.The simulation results show that the proposed technique significantly improves iWCS performance in terms of throughput,packet transaction,and cycle period reduction.Moreover,it enables the industrial network for the use of delay critical applications in the presence of gWLAN without affecting its performance. | Bilal Khan Danish Shehzad Numan Shafi Ga-Young Kim Muhammad Umar Aftab | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，10： | 0 |
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