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| 1 | Regolith thickness modeling using a GIS approach for landslide distribution analysis, NW Himalayas显示文摘Regolith thickness is considered as a contributing factor for the occurrence of landslides.Although, mostly it is ignored because of complex nature and as it requires more time and resources for investigation. This study aimed to appraise the role of regolith thickness on landslide distribution in the Muzaffarabad and surrounding areas, NW Himalayas.For this purpose regolith thickness samples were evenly collected from all the lithological units at representative sites within different slope and elevation classes in the field. Topographic attributes(slope, aspect, drainage, Topographic Wetness Index,elevation and curvature) were derived from the Digital Elevation Model(DEM)(12.5 m resolution).Arc GIS Model Builder was used to develop the regolith thickness model. Stepwise regression technique was used to explore the spatial variation of regolith thickness using topographic attributes and lithological units. The derived model explains about 88% regolith thickness variation. The model was validated and shows good agreement(70%) between observed and predicted values. Subsequently, the derived regolith model was used to understand the relationship between regolith thickness and landslide distribution. The analysis shows that most of the landslides were located within 1-5 m regolith thickness. However, landslide concentration is highest within 5-10 m regolith thickness, which shows that regolith thickness played a significant role for the occurrence of landslide in the studied area. | Muhammad BASHARAT Masood QASIM Muhammad SHAFIQUE Nasir HAMEED Muhammad Tayyib RIAZ Muhammad Rustam KHAN | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，11： | 2 |
| 2 | 5-Aminolevulinic acid alleviates herbicide-induced physiological and ultrastructural changes in Brassica napus显示文摘It is well known that application of 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA) could promote the plant growth under abiotic stress in oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.). However, the specifics of its physiological and ultrastructural regulation under herbicide stress conditions are poorly understood. In the present study, alleviating role of ALA in B. napus was investigated under four levels of herbicide propyl 4-(2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzylamino) benzoate(ZJ0273)(0, 100, 200 and 500 mg L–1) with or without 1 mg L–1 ALA treated for 48 or 72 h. Results showed that after 48 h of herbicide stress, the growth of rape seedlings was significantly inhibited with the successive increases of the ZJ0273 concentrations from 0 to 500 mg L–1, but this inhibition was obviously alleviated by exogenous application of ALA. However, when treatment time prolonged to 72 h, the recovery effects of ALA could not be evaluated due to the death of plants treated with the highest concentration of ZJ0273(500 mg L-1). Further, the root oxidizability and activities of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase) were dramatically enhanced by the application of 1 mg L–1 ALA under herbicide stress. Therefore, plants treated with ALA dynamically modulated their antioxidant defenses to reduce reactive oxygen species(ROS) accumulation and malondialdehyde(MDA) content induced by herbicide stress. Additionally, exogenously applied ALA improved the ultrastructure's of chloroplast, mitochondria and nucleus, and induced the production of stress proteins. Our results suggest that ALA could be considered as a potential plant growth regulator for the improvement of herbicide tolerance through alleviation of the physiological and ultrastructural changes induced by the herbicide in crop production. | XU Ling Faisal Islam ZHANG Wen-fang Muhammad A Ghani Basharat Ali | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2018，17，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Cadmium phytoavailability to rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grown in representative Chinese soils. A model to improve soil environmental quality guidelines for food safety显示文摘 | Muhammad T. Rafiq Rukhsanda Aziz Tingqiang Li Wendan Xiao Muhammad K. Rafiq Basharat Ali Xiaoe Yang | 2013 | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety2013，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Estimation of Genetic Divergence and Character Association Studies in Local and Exotic Diversity Panels of Soybean(Glycine max L.)Genotypes显示文摘The availability of favorable genetic diversity is a thriving vitality for the success of a breeding program.It provides a firm basis of selecting superior breeding lines for the development of high yielding crop genotypes.In this context,present investigation aimed to generate information on genetic divergence and character association in a diversity panel of 123 local and exotic soybean genotypes.Analysis of variance revealed significant response of the evaluated genotypes based on studied attributes.It depicted the probability of selecting desirable soybean genotypes by focusing on character association studies and genetic diversity analysis.Correlation analysis revealed that seed yield per plant showed high positive correlation with 100-seed weight followed by pods per plant and plant height.Furthermore,path coefficient analysis exposed that pods per plant had maximum direct contribution in seed yield per plant followed by 100-seed weight,days to flowering and SPAD measurement.Genotype named“G-10”showed maximum yield per plant followed by 24607,G-52,24593,Arisoy,24566,17426,A-3127,24570 and 24567.Genetic diversity analysis grouped the evaluated germplasm into 17 clusters.All clusters showed zero intra-cluster variability;while inter-cluster divergence ranged from 9.00 to 91.11.Cluster V showed maximum inter-cluster distance with cluster XII followed by that of between V and VIII.Moreover,cluster IV with superior genotypes(G-10,24607,24593 and 24566),VI(17426 and 24567),XIII(24570)and X(Arisoy and G-52)showed above mean values for most of the studied characters.Overall,the results of hybridization between the superior genotypes of these cluster pairs might be useful for soybean breeding with improving agronomic traits and adaptability. | Syed Ali Zafar Muhammad Aslam Haroon Zaman Khan Sehrish Sarwar Rao Saad Rehman Mariam Hassan Ramala Masood Ahmad Rafaqat AGill Basharat Ali Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Abdullah Ibrahim Md Atikur Rahman Ayman El Sabagh | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Dramatic changes in anatomical traits of a C4 grass Chrysopogon serrulatus Trin.(Poaceae)over a 1000 m elevational gradient显示文摘Chrysopogon serrulatus(false beard-grass)is a dominant component of vegetation in the foothills of the Himalayas.To study whole plant morphology,individuals of C.serrulatus were collected from three plots at each of six locations spanning from 400 to 1,400 m.The population colonizing the highest elevation modifications in different plant organs.Roots showed increased metaxylem number and area.In the stem,especially outside of the vascular tissue,there was intensive sclerification indicative of increased xeromorphy as a survival strategy.At the highest elevation,leaves were wider;aerenchyma formation and increased sclerification were noted in the leaf sheath;and a greater proportion of storage parenchyma was observed in the leaf blade,all indicators of succulence.In contrast,leaves at lower elevations had xeric morphological features such as increased epidermal thickness,sclerification and more developed metaxylem area.In conclusion,shifting of morphological features in below-and above-ground plant parts of C.serrulatus were linked to shifts in environmental factors along this elevation gradient,thus enabling the successful distribution of this species along this elevation gradient. | FATIMA Sana HAMEED Mansoor AHMAD Farooq AHMAD Muhammad Sajid Aqeel ANWAR Majid MUNIR Mahwish ASHRAF Muhammad SHAH Syed Mohsan Raza BASHARAT Sana AHMAD Iftikhar KHALIL Sangam | 2023 | Journal of Mountain Science2023，20，5： | 0 |
| 6 | Crystal Structure Analysis of 1-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one Isolated from Ajuga bracteosa Root Extract and Its Biological Studies显示文摘The structure of 1-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-9 H-xanthen-9-one isolated from chloroform extract of Ajuga bracteosa root was analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl), ABTS(2,2?-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities(RSA) and Fe2+ chelating activities were carried out to determine the antioxidant potential of the compound. RSA values for the compound were 96%, 96% and 96% for all the three activities respectively at maximum concentration of the compound(100 μ gmL-1) with the IC50 values of 3.40, 4.86 and 0.10(μ gmL-1). Antidiabetic activities including antiglycation and α-glucosidase inhibition were also performed where the antiglycation activity was performed using two techniques including spectrofluorometric as well as spectrophotometric technique. Spectrofluorometric technique provided 97% antiglycation potential while 92% antiglycation potential was observed by spectrophotometric technique for the isolated compound. The compound at a concentration of 10 μ gmL-1 exhibited 31% α-glucosidase inhibitory potential with IC50 of 15.56 μ gmL-1. Antimicrobial activity data showed that the compound was active against all the studied pathogenic bacteria. | AKHTER Kulsoom AHMED Muhammed Naeem GHOUS Tahseen RASHEED Basharat TAHIR Muhammad Nawaz ARSHAD Ifzan | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry2019，38，9： | 0 |
| 7 | Effects of Kinesio Taping in Supraspinatus Tendinitis显示文摘Background:Shoulder pain is one of the most commonly reported musculoskeletal problems after low back pain.One common reason for the shoulder pain is supraspinatus tendinitis that is often associated with impingement syndrome.Objective:To find the effects of kinesio taping in reducing pain and disability in subjects with supraspinatus tendinitis.Methodology:In this study,patients were randomly allocated the treatment using a set of predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Subjects were managed with kinesio taping.Pre-and post-evaluation of the patients was done using Numerical Pain Rating Scale(NPRS)and Disability of Arm Shoulder&Hand Questionnaire(DASH)score and the data gathered was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23.Results:Mean difference of 2.65 was reported between the pretreatment and post treatment values of NPRS in KT taping group which was significant(P<0.05).Mean difference of 27.25 was reported between the pre-treatment and post-treatment values of DASH score in KT taping group which was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Kinesio taping is an effective Program in management of supraspinatus tendinitis. | Jawad Anwar Farjad Afzal Muhammad Mustafa Qamar Ayesha Basharat | 2021 | Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research2021，5，6： | 0 |
| 8 | Lithological and Structural Control of Hattian Bala Rock Avalanche Triggered by the Kashmir Earthquake 2005, Sub-Himalayas, Northern Pakistan显示文摘The Kashmir earthquake 2005 (magnitude MW 7.6) triggered thousands of mass move-ments in northern Pakistan. These mass movements were mainly rock falls, debris falls, rockslides and rock avalanches. The mass movements vary in size from a few hundred cubic meters up to about 100 million cubic meters estimated for the Hattian Bala rock avalanche, the biggest one associated with this earthquake. This mass movement, which moved in southeastern direction, created two natural dams on the valley bottom and blocked the water ways of the Karli and Tung tributaries of the Jhelum River. Topographic, lithologic and structural information were used to investigate the Hattian Bala rock ava-lanche. Geotechnical and structural maps were prepared to understand relationship between geology and structure of Hattian Bala rock avalanche. The geometry and failure mode of this rock avalanche are controlled by southeast plunging synclinal structures, lithology, a bedding parallel slip surface and a pre-existing old rockslide. The structural map shows that the mass movement failure was due to Danna and Dandbeh synclinal structures plunging southeast on the hanging wall block of the reacti-vated Muzaffarabad fault. The slip surface of the mass movement followed the bedding planes along mudstone, claystone and sandstone surfaces. The mass movement perfectly followed the pre-existing synclinal morphology of the Danna and Dandbeh synclines. | Muhammad Basharat Joachim Rohn Dominik Ehret Mirza Shahid Baig | 2012 | Journal of Earth Science2012，23，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Role of Organic Amendments to Mitigate Cd Toxicity and Its Assimilation in Triticum aestivum L.显示文摘In soil biota,higher and enduring concentration of heavy metals like cadmium(Cd)is hazardous and associated with great loss in growth,yield,and quality parameters of most of the crop plants.Recently,in-situ applications of eco-friendly stabilizing agents in the form of organic modifications have been utilized to mitigate the adverse effects of Cd-toxicity.This controlled experiment was laid down to appraise the imprints of various applied organic amendments namely poultry manure(PM),farmyard manure(FYM),and sugarcane press mud(PS)to immobilize Cd in polluted soil.Moreover,phytoavailability of Cd in wheat was also accessed under an alkaline environment.Results revealed that the addition of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))in Cd-contaminated soil significantly increased germination rate,leaf chlorophyll content,plant height,spike length,biological and grain yield amongst all applied organic amendments.Moreover,the addition of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))also reduced the phytoavailability of Cd by 73–85%in the roots,57–83%in the shoots,and 81–90%in grains of wheat crop.Thus,it is affirmed that incorporation of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))performed better to enhance wheat growth and yield by remediating Cd.Thus,the application of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))reduced the toxicity induced by Cd to plants by declining its uptake and translocation as compared to all other applied organic amendments to immobilize Cd under sandy alkaline polluted soil. | Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir Sobia Aslam Muhammad Shahid Rizwan Allah Wasaya Muhammad Ateeq Muhammad Naeem Khan Sikander Khan Tanveer Walid Soufan Basharat Ali Allah Ditta Arpna Kumari Ayman EL Sabagh | 2022 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2022，91，11： | 0 |
| 10 | Tectonic Study of the Sub-Himalayas Based on Geophysical Data in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Northern Pakistan显示文摘The tectonic study based on geophysical data has been carried out in Sub-Himalayas in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and northern Pakistan. A series of thin skinned and thick skinned faults have been delineated in the investigated area on the basis of present study. In the study area compressional stresses caused by the collisional of Indian and Eurasian plates developed the northwestsoutheast trending faults which are Shaheed Gala thrust, Bagh basement fault, Kashmir boundary thrust and Kawai fault or Indus Kohistan seismic zone. The crustal thickness increases towards north due to the stacking of the thrust sheets along these faults. The Murree Formation thrusts over the Siwaliks molasse along the Shaheed Gala thrust. This fault dips at an angle of 43o northeast and joins the thick skinned Bagh basement fault in subsurface which are penetrated up to Moho depth. In the northeast of Bagh basement fault the northwest-southeast trending Kashmir boundary thrust has been delineated in the sedimentary-metasedimentary wedge which joins the Indus Kohistan seismic zone in the subsurface. The present study suggested that the Kawai fault which is running within Murree Formation cuts 16 km thick sedimentary-metasedimentary wedge and also joins the Indus Kohistan seismic zone in the subsurface. | Muhammad Rustam Khan Fahad Hameed Muhammad Saleem Mughal Muhammad Basharat Sohail Mustafa | 2016 | Journal of Earth Science2016，27，6： | 0 |
| 11 | Large Scale Mass Movements Triggered by the Kashmir Earthquake 2005,Pakistan显示文摘The SPOT image analysis in Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir,northwest Himalayas,Pakistan reveals that the Kashmir earthquake 2005 triggered a number of coseismic mass movements along the hanging wall block of the Muzaffarabad Fault.The Neelidandi and Langarpura rock falls have been identified as two major reactivated mass movements with an estimated volume of 3.1 × 106m3and 5.76 × 106m3,respectively.The Neelidandi and Langarpura mass movements were initiated during earthquake in the direction of northwest-southeast extension and northeastsouthwest directed thrusting,respectively.The Neelidandi rock fall occurred in sheared cherty dolomites and limestones of the Cambrian Muzaffarabad Formation,whereas the Langarpura rock fall occurred in alternating clays,shales,claystones,siltstones and sandstones of the Miocene Murree Formation.These rock units along the fault are highly fractured and jointed.The geotechnical maps and geological longitudinal profiles show the relationship between the geometrical characteristics and mechanism of these mass movements.Their characteristics were analyzed according to the role of topographic,seismic,geological and tectonic factors.The steep topography,sheared rocks,lithology,coseismic uplift and strong ground shaking of the hanging wall block along Muzaffarabad Fault facilitated the gravity collapse of these mass movements. | Muhammad BASHARAT Joachim ROHN Mirza Shahid BAIG Muhammad Rustam KHAN Markus SCHLEIER | 2014 | Journal of Mountain Science2014，11，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Machine Learning Empowered Security Management and Quality of Service Provision in SDN-NFV Environment显示文摘With the rising demand for data access,network service providers face the challenge of growing their capital and operating costs while at the same time enhancing network capacity and meeting the increased demand for access.To increase efficacy of Software Defined Network(SDN)and Network Function Virtualization(NFV)framework,we need to eradicate network security configuration errors that may create vulnerabilities to affect overall efficiency,reduce network performance,and increase maintenance cost.The existing frameworks lack in security,and computer systems face few abnormalities,which prompts the need for different recognition and mitigation methods to keep the system in the operational state proactively.The fundamental concept behind SDN-NFV is the encroachment from specific resource execution to the programming-based structure.This research is around the combination of SDN and NFV for rational decision making to control and monitor traffic in the virtualized environment.The combination is often seen as an extra burden in terms of resources usage in a heterogeneous network environment,but as well as it provides the solution for critical problems specially regarding massive network traffic issues.The attacks have been expanding step by step;therefore,it is hard to recognize and protect by conventional methods.To overcome these issues,there must be an autonomous system to recognize and characterize the network traffic’s abnormal conduct if there is any.Only four types of assaults,including HTTP Flood,UDP Flood,Smurf Flood,and SiDDoS Flood,are considered in the identified dataset,to optimize the stability of the SDN-NFVenvironment and security management,through several machine learning based characterization techniques like Support Vector Machine(SVM),K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Logistic Regression(LR)and Isolation Forest(IF).Python is used for simulation purposes,including several valuable utilities like the mine package,the open-source Python ML libraries Scikit-learn,NumPy,SciPy,Matplotlib.Few Flood assaults and Structured Query Language(SQL)injections anomalies are validated and effectively-identified through the anticipated procedure.The classification results are promising and show that overall accuracy lies between 87%to 95%for SVM,LR,KNN,and IF classifiers in the scrutiny of traffic,whether the network traffic is normal or anomalous in the SDN-NFV environment. | Shumaila Shahzadi Fahad Ahmad Asma Basharat Madallah Alruwaili Saad Alanazi Mamoona Humayun Muhammad Rizwan Shahid Naseem | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，3： | 0 |
| 13 | Application of Zinc, Iron and Boron Enhances Productivity and Grain Biofortification of Mungbean显示文摘Deficiencies of essential vitamins,iron(Fe),and zinc(Zn)affect over one-half of the world’s population.A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation,but new approaches are needed,especially to reach the rural poor.Agronomic biofortification of pulses with Zn,Fe,and boron(B)offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and supplementation.Moreover,it also has positive effects on crop production as well.Therefore,we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the yield and seed biofortification of mungbean.Soil application of Zn at 0,4.125,8.25,Fe at 0,2.5,5.0 and B at 0,0.55,1.1 kg ha−1 was done in the first,second and third experiment,respectively.Foliar application in these experiments was done at 0.3%Zn,0.2%Fe and 0.1%B respectively one week after flowering initiation.Data revealed that soil-applied Zn,Fe and B at 8.25,5.0 and 1.1 kg ha−1,respectively,enhanced the grain yield of mungbean;however,this increase in yield was statistically similar to that recorded with Zn,Fe and B at 4.125,2.5 and 0.55 kg ha−1,respectively.Foliar application of these nutrients at flower initiation significantly enhanced the Zn contents by 28%and 31%,Fe contents by 80%and 78%,while B contents by 98%and 116%over control during 2019 and 2020,respectively.It was concluded from the results that soil application of Zn,Fe,and B enhanced the yield performance of mungbean;while significant improvements in seed Zn,Fe,and B contents were recorded with foliar application of these nutrients. | Muhammad Zafar Siraj Ahmed Muhammad Kashif Munir Nawal Zafar Muhammad Saqib Muhammad Aleem Sarwar Saba Iqbal Baber Ali Naveed Akhtar Basharat Ali Sadam Hussain Muhammad Saeed Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，4： | 0 |
| 14 | A qualitative exploration of Pakistan’s street children, as a consequence of the poverty-disease cycle显示文摘Background:Street children are a global phenomenon,with an estimated population of around 150 million across the world.These children include those who work on the streets but retain their family contacts,and also those who practically live on the streets and have no or limited family contacts.In Pakistan,many children are forced to work on the streets due to health-related events occurring at home which require children to play a financially productive role from an early stage.An explanatory framework adapted from the poverty-disease cycle has been used to elaborate these findings.Methods:This study is a qualitative study,and involved 19 in-depth interviews and two key informant interviews,conducted in Rawalpindi,Pakistan,from February to May 2013.The data was audio taped and transcribed.Key themes were identified and built upon.The respondents were contacted through a gatekeeper ex-street child who was a member of the street children community.Results:We asked the children to describe their life stories.These stories led us to the finding that street children are always forced to attain altered social roles because health-related problems,poverty,and large family sizes leave them no choice but to enter the workforce and earn their way.We also gathered information regarding high-risk practices and increased risks of sexual and substance abuse,based on the street children’s increased exposure.These children face the issue of social exclusion because diseases and poverty push them into a life full of risks and hazards;a life which also confines their social role in the future.Conclusion:The street child community in Pakistan is on the rise.These children are excluded from mainstream society,and the absence of access to education and vocational skills reduces their future opportunities.Keeping in mind the implications of health-related events on these children,robust inter-sectoral interventions are required. | Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah Zeeshan Basharat Omairulhaq Lodhi Muhammad Hisham Khan Wazir Hameeda Tayyab Khan Nargis Yousaf Sattar Adnan Zahid | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 0 |
| 15 | Enzymatic production of N‑acetylneuraminic acid:advances and perspectives显示文摘N-Acetyl-d-neuraminic acid(NeuAc),a well-known and well-studied sialic acid,is found in cell surface glycolipids and glycoproteins,where it performs a variety of biological functions.The use of NeuAc as a nutraceutical for infant brain development and as an intermediate for pharmaceutical production demands its production on an industrial scale.Natural extraction,chemical synthesis,enzymatic synthesis,and biosynthesis are the methods used for NeuAc production.Among these methods,enzymatic synthesis using N-acetyl-glucosamine(GlcNAc)2-epimerase(AGE)for epimerization and N-acetyld-neuraminic acid lyase(NAL)for aldol condensation,has been reported to produce NeuAc with high production efciency.In this review,we discuss advances in the two-step enzymatic synthesis of NeuAc using pyruvate and GlcNAc as substrates.The major challenges in producing NeuAc with high yield are highlighted,including multiple parameter-dependent processes,undesirable reversibility,and diminished solubility of AGEs and NALs.Further,diferent strategies applied to overcome the limitations of the two-step enzymatic production are discussed,such as pyruvate concentration and temperature shift during the process to increase conversion yield,use of mathematical and computational simulations for process optimization,enzyme engineering to make enzymes highly efcient,and the use of tags and chaperones to increase enzyme solubility.We suggest future directions and the strategies that can be followed to improve enzymatic synthesis of NeuAc. | Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain Xiaolong Zhang Xueqin Lv Samra Basharat Umar Shahbaz Jianghua Li Guocheng Du Long Liu Yanfeng Liu | 2022 | Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing2022，2，1： | 0 |
| 16 | 喜马拉雅灰叶猴栖息地利用和食性生物学(英文)显示文摘2006年4月至2007年4月在巴基斯坦克什米尔地区马希亚拉国家公园(Machiara National Park)对喜马拉雅灰叶猴(Semnopithecus entellus ajex)的栖息地利用和食性生物学进行研究。结果表明,冬天,叶猴首选的栖息地多为温暖湿润的针叶林和落叶林混交地区;夏天,它们则迁移至高海拔的亚高山灌木丛林里。喜马拉雅灰叶猴主要以植物的叶子为食,研究期间在该地区共发现49种被采食过的植物(夏季27种,冬季22种)。通过观察它们的所有食物,发现老叶(36.12%)比嫩叶(27.27%)更受欢迎,随后依次为果实17.00%、树根9.45%、树皮6.69%、花2.19%和根茎1.28%。 | Riaz Aziz Minhas Khawaja Basharat Ahmed Muhammad Siddique Awan Naeem Iftikhar Dar | 2010 | Zoological Research2010，31，2： | 0 |
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