| 2 | Do alternative stable states exist in large shallow Taihu Lake,China?显示文摘Regime shifts from submersed macrophyte dominance to phytoplankton dominance have been widely reported in small-to medium-sized shallow lakes.However,alternative stable states in large shallow lakes(surface area>500 km^(2))remain unconfirmed.To understand the alternative stable states and the main influencing factors of submersed macrophytes in large lakes,the ecosystem states from monitoring data from 1959 to 2019 in large shallow Taihu Lake(2338 km^(2)in average depth of 2.12 m)in China were examined.Changes in submersed macrophyte coverage(C_(Mac))and phytoplankton chlorophyll a(Chl a)in the time series and their relationships with environmental factors were analyzed.During the field investigation from August 2018 to May 2019,nutrients and Chl a showed obvious heterogeneity across the lake,being generally higher in the western and northern areas and lower in the southeast area,while C_(Mac)was only observed in the eastern areas,e.g.,East Taihu Lake,Xukou Bay,and Gonghu Bay.During the long-term monitoring from 1959 to 2019 in the Central Region,Meiliang Bay,and East Taihu Lake,Chl a increased significantly in the time series.C_(Mac)varied slightly among different subareas,always at low levels(<10%)in the Central Region and Meiliang Bay but at relatively high levels in East Taihu Lake(10%–90%).Frequency distributions of response variables had no multimodality except for C_(Mac)in East Taihu Lake,with two peaks between 15%and 20%and between 55%and 60%.A dual relationship was found between Chl a and total phosphorus(TP)in the areas with and without macrophytes,while C_(Mac)showed no relationship with TP,and submersed macrophytes did not flourish in the Central Region and Meiliang Bay even when TP was at very low levels(≈10 mg/m3).Taihu Lake had similar algal turbidity(TurbAlg)as small-to mediumsized lakes but generally presented with higher values of nonalgal turbidity(TurbNonAlg),as did their contribution to total turbidity as a percentage.This study suggested that large shallow Taihu Lake may have no alternative stable states,but more evidence is needed for East Taihu Lake,which was dominated by macrophytes,as it remains unknown whether hysteresis occurs between the processes of eutrophication and oligotrophication.Unfavorable conditions caused by wind might be the main reason due to the absence of submersed macrophytes in Taihu Lake.These results demonstrate that stricter nutrient control is needed to maintain a healthy state or to recover from a decayed state for large lakes. | Yan LI Yu MA Haijun WANG Hongzhu WANG Yongde CUI Shijun BIAN Miao ZHANG Mengmei LIU Yexin YU Marc SCHALLENBERG | 2023 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2023，41，3： | 0 |
| 3 | A novel lysosome‐localized fluorescent probe with aggregation‐induced emission without alkalinizing effect显示文摘Herein,a novel small molecule probe,tetraphenylethylene‐cystein(TPE‐Cys),was rationally designed and developed for the intracellular lysosome localization.The combination of tetraphenylethylene and cysteine serve as a novel strategy for lysosome‐targeting,with significant aggregation‐induced emission increases with the proportion of water by as high as 25‐folds.Biofluorescence imaging experiments show that the probe TPE‐Cys has a good colocalization effect with the commercially available lysotracker red,with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.91.In addition,we also demonstrate that TPE‐Cys has good light stability.TPE‐Cys,as a neutral compound,is free of alkalinizing effect when applied in lysosome localization.Moreover,molecular dynamics simulations and density function theories are employed to explore the detailed aggregation process and the mechanism of TPE‐Cys aggregation in water solution.The mechanism of lysosome localization of probe TPE‐Cys was explained by cellular endocytosis process and the formation of larger particle in the more acidic environment of lysosomes.This work not only demonstrates an efficient strategy for the construction of fluorescent probes for lysosome localization,but also indicates that they are promising as live cell imaging tools. | Jingran Zhang Yan Jia Xinyi Xing Mengmei Qin Zibo Wu Yingqian Zhong Lele Liu Shuqing Sun Peng Li Haiyuan Wang Guangjiu Zhao | 2021 | SmartMat2021，2，4： | 0 |
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