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| 1 | Acupuncture's Role in Solving the Opioid Epidemic: Evidence, Cost-Effectiveness, and Care Availability for Acupuncture as a Primary, Non-Pharmacologic Method for Pain Relief and Management-White Paper 2017显示文摘The United States(U.S.) is facing a national opioid epidemic, and medical systems are in need of nonpharmacologic strategies that can be employed to decrease the public's opioid dependence. Acupuncture has emerged as a powerful, evidence-based, safe, cost-effective, and available treatment modality suitable to meeting this need. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for the management of numerous types of pain conditions, and mechanisms of action for acupuncture have been described and are understandable from biomedical, physiologic perspectives. Further, acupuncture's cost-effectiveness can dramatically decrease health care expenditures, both from the standpoint of treating acute pain and through avoiding addiction to opioids that requires costly care, destroys quality of life, and can lead to fatal overdose. Numerous federal regulatory agencies have advised or mandated that healthcare systems and providers offer non-pharmacologic treatment options for pain. Acupuncture stands out as the most evidence-based, immediately available choice to fulfil these calls. Acupuncture can safely, easily, and cost-effectively be incorporated into hospital settings as diverse as the emergency department, labor and delivery suites, andneonatal intensive care units to treat a variety of commonly seen pain conditions. Acupuncture is already being successful y and meaningfully utilized by the Veterans Administration and various branches of the U.S. Military, in some studies demonstrably decreasing the volume of opioids prescribed when included in care. | arthur yin fan david w.miller bonnie bolash matthew bauer john mcdonald sarah faggert hongjian he yong ming li amy matecki lindy camardella mel hopper koppelman jennifer a.m.stone lindsay meade john pang | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，15，6： | 29 |
| 2 | Global blue carbon accumulation in tidal wetlands increases with climate change显示文摘Coastal tidal wetlands produce and accumulate significant amounts of organic carbon(C)that help to mitigate climate change.However,previous data limitations have prevented a robust evaluation of the global rates and mechanisms driving C accumulation.Here,we go beyond recent soil C stock estimates to reveal global tidal wetland C accumulation and predict changes under relative sea level rise,temperature and precipitation.We use data from literature study sites and our new observations spanning wide latitudinal gradients and 20 countries.Globally,tidal wetlands accumulate 53.65(95%CI:48.52-59.01)Tg C yr^(-1),which is~30%of the organic C buried on the ocean floor.Modeling based on current climatic drivers and under projected emissions scenarios revealed a net increase in the global C accumulation by2100.This rapid increase is driven by sea level rise in tidal marshes,and higher temperature and precipitation in mangroves.Countries with large areas of coastal wetlands,like Indonesia and Mexico,are more susceptible to tidal wetland C losses under climate change,while regions such as Australia,Brazil,the USA and China will experience a significant C accumulation increase under all projected scenarios. | Faming Wang Christian J.Sanders Isaac R.Santos Jianwu Tang Mark Schuerch Matthew L.Kirwan Robert E.Kopp Kai Zhu Xiuzhen Li Jiacan Yuan Wenzhi Liu Zhian Li | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，9： | 22 |
| 3 | Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: A practical guide for clinicians显示文摘Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem encountered in the emergency department and in the primary care setting. Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Chronic or occult gastrointestinal bleeding is notapparent to the patient and usually presents as positive fecal occult blood or iron deficiency anemia. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is recurrent bleeding when the source remains unidentified after upper endoscopy and colonoscopic evaluation and is usually from the small intestine. Accurate clinical diagnosis is crucial and guides definitive investigations and interventions. This review summarizes the overall diagnostic approach to gastrointestinal bleeding and provides a practical guide for clinicians. | Bong Sik Matthew Kim Bob T Li Alexander Engel Jaswinder S Samra Stephen Clarke Ian D Norton Angela E Li | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 4 | On a New Genus of Basal Neoceratopsian Dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Gansu Province, China显示文摘A new genus and species of basal neoceratopsian dinosaur, Auroraceratops rugosus, is reported based on material from the Early Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Gongpoquan Basin of Gansu Province, China. Auroraceratops is represented by a nearly complete skull and low jaws, and different greatly from all other neoceratopsians by its considerable breadth of the nasals, fungiform expansion of the dorsal end of the lacrimal, highly developed rugosity of the jugal, dentary and surangular, and inflated, striated premaxillary teeth. The finding of Auroraceratops adds diversity and helps elucidate the evolution of basal neoceratopsian dinosaurs. | YOU Hailu LI Daqing JI Qiang Matthew C. LAMANNA Peter DODSON | 2005 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2005，79，5： | 13 |
| 5 | Existing drugs as broad-spectrum and potent inhibitors for Zika virus by targeting NS2B-NS3 interaction显示文摘Zika 病毒(ZIKV ) 的最近的爆发为治疗学加亮迫切需要。朊酶建筑群 NS2B-NS3 在 flaviviral polyprotein 处理期间起必要作用,并且因此代表一个吸引人的药目标。这里,我们开发了裂口酶识别直接指向 flavivirus NS2B-NS3 相互作用的 orthosteric 禁止者的基于互补的高产量的屏蔽试金。由屏蔽一个总数 2 816 同意了并且 investigational 药,我们识别了三个有势力候选人, temoporfin, niclosamide,和 nitazoxanide,,有 nanomolar 力量的 flavivirus NS2B-NS3 相互作用禁止者。显著地,在老鼠的在人的胎盘、神经的祖先房间的大多数有势力化合物, temoporfin,不是仅仅禁止的 ZIKV 复制,而且阻止的导致 ZIKV 的 viremia 和死亡当模特儿。结构的停靠建议 temoporfin 潜在地绑保持批评 NS2B 残余的 NS3 衣袋,因此禁止以一种非竞争的方式处理的 flaviviral polyprotein。当这些药已经在 USA 或另外的国家在另外的指示任何一个为临床的使用被同意了,他们由 ZIKV 和另外的 flaviviruses 为感染的管理代表有希望、容易开发的治疗。 | Zhong Li Matthew Brecher Yong-Qiang Deng Jing Zhang Srilatha Sakamuru Binbin Liu Ruili Huang Cheri A Koetzner Christina A Allen Susan A Jones Haiying Chen Na-Na Zhang Min Tian Fengshan Gao Qishan Lin Nilesh Banavali Jia Zhou Nathan Boles Menghang Xia Laura D Kramer Cheng-Feng Qin Hongmin Li | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，8： | 11 |
| 6 | A state-of-the-art review on passivation and biofouling of Ti and its alloys in marine environments显示文摘High strength-to-weight ratio, commendable biocompatibility and excellent corrosion resistance make Ti alloys widely applicable in aerospace, medical and marine industries. However, these alloys suffer from serious biofouling, and may become vulnerable to corrosion attack under some extreme marine conditions. The passivating and biofouling performance of Ti alloys can be attributed to their compact,stable and protective films. This paper comprehensively reviews the passivating and biofouling behavior,as well as their mechanisms, for typical Ti alloys in various marine environments. This review aims to help extend applications of Ti alloys in extremely harsh marine conditions. | Shaokun Yan Guang-Ling Song Zhengxian Li Haonan Wang Dajiang Zheng Fuyong Cao Miroslava Horynova Matthew S.Dargusch Lian Z-hou | 2018 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2018，34，3： | 11 |
| 7 | Global characterization and monitoring of forest cover using Landsat data: opportunities and challenges显示文摘The compilation of global Landsat data-sets and the ever-lowering costs of computing now make it feasible to monitor the Earth’s land cover at Landsat resolutions of 30 m.In this article,we describe the methods to create global products of forest cover and cover change at Landsat resolutions.Nevertheless,there are many challenges in ensuring the creation of high-quality products.And we propose various ways in which the challenges can be overcome.Among the challenges are the need for atmospheric correction,incorrect calibration coefficients in some of the data-sets,the different phenologies between compila-tions,the need for terrain correction,the lack of consistent reference data for training and accuracy assessment,and the need for highly automated character-ization and change detection.We propose and evaluate the creation and use of surface reflectance products,improved selection of scenes to reduce phenological differences,terrain illumination correction,automated training selection,and the use of information extraction procedures robust to errors in training data along with several other issues.At several stages we use Moderate Resolution Spectro-radiometer data and products to assist our analysis.A global working prototype product of forest cover and forest cover change is included. | John R.Townshend Jeffrey G.Masek Chengquan Huang Eric.F.Vermote Feng Gao Saurabh Channan Joseph O.Sexton Min Feng Raghuram Narasimhan Dohyung Kim Kuan Song Danxia Song Xiao-Peng Song Praveen Noojipady Bin Tan Matthew C.Hansen Mengxue Li Robert E.Wolfe | 2012 | International Journal of Digital Earth2012，5，5： | 10 |
| 8 | Chemoprotective effects of curcumin in esophageal epithelial cells exposed to bile acids显示文摘AIM:To investigate the ability of curcumin to counteract the impact of bile acids on gene expression of esophageal epithelial cells.METHODS:An esophageal epithelial cell line(HET1A)was treated with curcumin in the presence of deoxycholic acid.Cell proliferation and viability assays were used to establish an appropriate dose range for curcumin.The combined and individual effects of curcumin and bile acid on cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)and superoxide dismutase(SOD-1 and SOD-2)gene expression were also assessed.RESULTS:Curcumin in a dose range of 10-100μmol/L displayed minimal inhibition of HET-1A cell viability.Deoxycholic acid at a concentration of 200μmol/L caused a 2.4-fold increase in COX-2 gene expression compared to vehicle control.The increased expression of COX-2 induced by deoxycholic acid was partially reversed by the addition of curcumin,and curcumin reduced COX-2 expression 3.3-to 1.3-fold.HET-1A cells exposed to bile acid yielded reduced expression of SOD-1 and SOD-2 genes with the exception that high dose deoxycholic acid at 200μmol/L led to a 3-fold increase in SOD-2 expression.The addition of curcumin treatment partially reversed the bile acid-induced reduction in SOD-1 expression at all concentrations of curcumin tested.CONCLUSION:Curcumin reverses bile acid suppression of gene expression of SOD-1.Curcumin is also able to inhibit bile acid induction of COX-2 gene expression. | Matthew R Bower Harini S Aiyer Robert CG Martin Yan Li | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，33： | 10 |
| 9 | Elucidation of the ‘Honeycrisp’ pedigree through haplotype analysis with a multi-family integrated SNP linkage map and a large apple (Malus×domestica) pedigree-connected SNP data set显示文摘The apple(Malus×domestica)cultivar Honeycrisp has become important economically and as a breeding parent.An earlier study with SSR markers indicated the original recorded pedigree of‘Honeycrisp’was incorrect and‘Keepsake’was identified as one putative parent,the other being unknown.The objective of this study was to verify‘Keepsake’as a parent and identify and genetically describe the unknown parent and its grandparents.A multi-family based dense and high-quality integrated SNP map was created using the apple 8 K Illumina Infinium SNP array.This map was used alongside a large pedigree-connected data set from the RosBREED project to build extended SNP haplotypes and to identify pedigree relationships.‘Keepsake’was verified as one parent of‘Honeycrisp’and‘Duchess of Oldenburg’and‘Golden Delicious’were identified as grandparents through the unknown parent.Following this finding,siblings of‘Honeycrisp’were identified using the SNP data.Breeding records from several of these siblings suggested that the previously unreported parent is a University of Minnesota selection,MN1627.This selection is no longer available,but now is genetically described through imputed SNP haplotypes.We also present the mosaic grandparental composition of‘Honeycrisp’for each of its 17 chromosome pairs.This new pedigree and genetic information will be useful in future pedigree-based genetic studies to connect‘Honeycrisp’with other cultivars used widely in apple breeding programs.The created SNP linkage map will benefit future research using the data from the Illumina apple 8 and 20 K and Affymetrix 480 K SNP arrays. | Nicholas P Howard Eric van de Weg David S Bedford Cameron P Peace Stijn Vanderzande Matthew D Clark Soon Li Teh Lichun Cai James J Luby | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 9 |
| 10 | Adsorptive hemofiltration for sepsis management: expert recommendations based on the Asia Pacific experience显示文摘To the Editor:In sepsis,bacterial endotoxins play a central role by inducing a dysregulated and exaggerated release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines,often described as the“cytokine storm”or“cytokinemia.”[1]Both endotoxins and cytokines have been implicated in the development of organ dysfunction,including acute kidney injury(AKI).[2]Removing circulating endotoxins and excess cytokines from the circulation restores chemotactic gradients,localizing the immune response to the principal site of infection and re-establishing a regulated immune response.[1,3]Therefore,using hemofilters with enhanced endotoxin and cytokine adsorptive properties may bring about additional therapeutic benefits compared with conventional continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)filters. | Ling Zhang Matthew Cove Binh G.Nguyen Nuttha Lumlertgul Kartik Ganesh Alfred Chan Giang T.H.Bui Chunwen Guo Junhua Li Songqiao Liu Mian Peng Kit W.Foong Jian Zhang Minmin Wang Jacques Goldstein Kai Harenski | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，18： | 6 |
| 11 | Application of nuclear magnetic resonance technology to carbon capture,utilization and storage:A review显示文摘Carbon capture,utilization and storage (CCUS) is considered as a very important technology for mitigating global climate change.Carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into an underground reservoir will induce changes in its physical properties and the migration of CO2 will be affected by many factors.Accurately understanding these changes and migration characteristics of CO2 is crucial for selecting a CCUS project site,estimating storage capacity and ensuring storage security.In this paper,the basic principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies are briefly introduced in the context of laboratory experiments related to CCUS.The types of NMR apparatus,experimental samples and testing approaches applied worldwide are discussed and analyzed.Then two typical NMR core analysis systems used in CCUS field and a self-developed high-pressure,low-field NMR rock core flooding experimental system are compared.Finally,a summary of the current deficiencies related to NMR applied to CCUS field is given and future research plans are proposed. | Liang Xu Qi Li Matthew Myers Quan Chen Xiaochun Li | 2019 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2019，11，4： | 6 |
| 12 | Effects of water-based binders on electrochemical performance of manganese dioxide cathode in mild aqueous zinc batteries显示文摘In the majority of rechargeable batteries including lithium-ion batteries,polyvinylidene fluoride(PVdF)binders are the most commonly used binder for both anode and cathode.However,using PVdF binder requires the organic solvent of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone which is expensive,volatile,combustible,toxic,and has poor recyclability.Therefore,switching to aqueous electrode processing routes with non-toxic binders would provide a great leap forward towards the realization of ideally fully sustainable and environmentally friendly electrochemical energy storage devices.Various water-soluble binders(aqueous binders)were characterized and compared to the performance of conventional PVdF.Our study demonstrates that the electrochemical performance of Zn/MnO_(2) aqueous batteries is significantly improved by using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)binder.In addition,CMC binders offer desirable adhesion,good wettability,homogeneous material distribution,and strong chemical stability at certain pH levels(3.5-5)without any decomposition for long-cycle life. | Hee Jung Chang Ismael A.Rodriguez-Pere Matthew Fayette Nathan L.Canfield Huilin Pan Daiwon Choi Xiaolin Li David Reed | 2021 | Carbon Energy2021，3，3： | 5 |
| 13 | A review of cadmium sorption mechanisms on soil mineral surfaces revealed from synchrotron-based X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy:Implications for soil remediation显示文摘The sorption of cadmium(Cd) is one of the most important chemical processes in soil, affecting its fate and mobility in both soil and water and ultimately controlling its bioavailability. In order to fundamentally understand the sorption/desorption of Cd in soil systems, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy(XAFS) has been applied in numerous studies to provide molecular-level information that can be used to characterize the surface adsorption and precipitation reactions that Cd can undergo. This information greatly improves our current knowledge of the possible chemical reactions of Cd in soil. This paper critically reviews the mechanisms of Cd sorption/desorption at the mineral-water interface based on XAFS studies performed over the past twenty years. An introduction to the basic concepts of sorption processes is provided, followed by a detailed interpretation of XAFS theory and experimental data collection and processing,ending finally with a discussion of the atomic/molecular-scale Cd sorption mechanisms that occur at the soil mineral-water interface. Particular emphasis is placed on literature that discusses Cd adsorption and speciation when associated with iron, manganese, and aluminum oxides and aluminosilicate minerals.Multiple sorption mechanisms by which Cd is sorbed by these minerals have been found, spanning from outer-sphere to inner-sphere to surface precipitation,depending on mineral type, surface loading, and pH. In addition, the application of complementary techniques(e.g.,113 Cd nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and molecular dynamics simulation) for probing Cd sorption mechanisms is discussed. This review can help to develop appropriate strategies for the environmental remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. | Xinxin MO Matthew G.SIEBECKER Wenxian GOU Ling LI Wei LI | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，1： | 5 |
| 14 | NAFLD prevalence differs among hispanic subgroups:The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis显示文摘AIM:To compare prevalence rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)between Hispanics of Mexican origin and Hispanics of Dominican and Puerto Rican origin.METHODS:We evaluated prevalence rates of NAFLD between the two largest sub-populations of Hispanics in the United States;Hispanics of Mexican origin and Hispanics of Caribbean origin(Dominican and Puerto Rican),in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis(MESA)cohort.MESA is a large,population based,multi-center cohort study comprised of 6814 healthy Caucasian,African-American,Hispanic,and Asian men and women aged 45-84.We utilized the baseline serum,anthropometric and radiographic measurements obtained between 2000 and 2002.NAFLD was measured via computed tomography scan and was defined as liver/spleen attenuation ratio<1.RESULTS:There were 788 Hispanic participants included in the study after exclusions.The prevalence of NAFLD was 29%(n=225).Hispanics of Mexican origin had a significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD(33%),compared to Hispanics of Dominican origin(16%),(P<0.01)and Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin(18%),(P<0.01).After controlling for age,sex,BMI,waist circumference,hypertension,serum HDL,triglyceride and CRP level and insulin resistance,Hispanics of Mexican origin remained significantly more likely to have NAFLD than those of Dominican and Puerto Rican origin.CONCLUSION:United States Hispanics of Mexican origin have a significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD when compared to United States Hispanics of Dominican or Puerto Rican origin after controlling for known risk factors.Care should be taken when performing risk assessment in Hispanic populations not to make assumptions of homogeneity. | Michael Wayne Fleischman Matthew Budoff Ifran Zeb Dong Li Temitope Foster | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，17： | 5 |
| 15 | The size of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in blood is inversely correlated with tumor burden in cancer patients显示文摘Circulating cell-free DNAs(cfDNAs)are fragmented DNA molecules released into the blood by cells.Previous studies have suggested that mitochondria-originated cfDNA fragments(mt-cfDNAs)in cancer patients are more fragmented than those from healthy controls.However,it is still unknown where these short mtcfDNAs originate,and whether the length of mt-cfDNAs can be correlated with tumor burden and cancer progression.In this study,we first performed whole-genome sequencing analysis(WGS)of cfDNAs from a human tumor cell line-xenotransplantation mouse model and found that mt-cfDNAs released from transplanted tumor cells were shorter than the mouse counterpart.We next analyzed blood cfDNA samples from hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer patients and found that mt-cfDNA lengths were inversely related to tumor size as well as the concentration of circulating tumor DNA.Our study suggested that monitoring the size of mt-cfDNAs in cancer patients would be a useful way to estimate tumor burden and cancer progression. | Qin An Youjin Hu Qingjiao Li Xufeng Chen Jiaoti Huang Matteo Pellegrini Xianghong Jasmine Zhou Matthew Rettig Guoping Fan | 2019 | Precision Clinical Medicine2019，2，3： | 4 |
| 16 | Metabolic syndrome and coronary artery calcification: a community-based natural population study显示文摘 | CAO Hui-li CHEN Xiong-biao LU Jin-guo HOU Zhi-hui TANG Xiang GAO Yang YU Fang-fang JIANG Shi-liang ZHAO Lian-cheng LI Ying Matthew J Budoff Robert Detrano LU Bin | 2013 | Chinese Medical Journal2013，，24： | 4 |
| 17 | Osteoclasts are not a source of SLIT3显示文摘The axon guidance cue SLIT3 was identified as an osteoanabolic agent in two recent reports. However, these reports conflict in their nomination of osteoblasts versus osteoclasts as the key producers of skeletal SLIT3 and additionally offer conflicting data on the effects of SLIT3 on osteoclastogenesis. Here, aiming to address this discrepancy, we found no observable SLIT3 expression during human or mouse osteoclastogenesis and the only modest SLIT3-mediated effects on osteoclast differentiation. Conditional deletion of SLIT3 in cathepsin K(CTSK)-positive cells, including osteoclasts, had no effect on the number of osteoclast progenitors, in vitro osteoclast differentiation, overall bone mass, or bone resorption/formation parameters. Similar results were observed with the deletion of SLIT3 in Lys M-positive cells, including osteoclast lineage cells. Consistent with this finding, bone marrow chimeras made from Slit3-/-donors that lacked SLIT3 expression at all stages of osteoclast development displayed normal bone mass relative to controls. Taken in context, multiple lines of evidence were unable to identify the physiologic function of osteoclast-derived SLIT3,indicating that osteoblasts are the major source of skeletal SLIT3. | Na Li Kazuki Inoue Jun Sun Yingzhen Niu Sarfaraz Lalani Alisha Yallowitz Xu Yang Chao Zhang Rong Shen Baohong Zhao Ren Xu Matthew B.Greenblatt | 2020 | Bone Research2020，8，2： | 4 |
| 18 | A Large Therizinosauroid(Dinosauria:Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of Northwestern China显示文摘我们此处描述 theropoddinosaur 的头部的骨骼在 Yujingzi 盆的更低的白垩纪 Xinminpu 组发现了的一根联系部分柱子,在 Gansu 省的 Jiuquanarea,西北的中国。它的肱骨展示,例如强烈扩展了近似、远侧的结束,一个很好发达的中间的有块茎,在肱骨的头部的表面上表示的远侧的髁,和 hypertrophied entepicondyle,决定性地建立标本的 thetherizinosauroid 亲密关系。它在有作为不同于另外的 therizinosauroids 使神圣,有 thedorsomedial 上的突出的圆、有条纹的肿大的糟糕界定的浅窝的窝它的肩胛部分,和耻骨出现与一强烈凹面头部的边缘。Itrepresents 新税在上, Suzhousaurus megatherioides 情报。et sp。nov。是的 Cladistic 分析 recoversSuzhousaurus 姐妹税在上 Nothronychus mckinleyi 从中间 -- 西方的 NorthAmerica 的白垩纪;一起,他们是 Therizinosauroidea 的基础成员,更多比 EarlyCretaceous Falcarius 和 Beipiaosaurus 发源,但是更少与“ Nanshiungosaurus ”比 Alxasaurus 和 Therizinosauridae.Along 发源从在 Mazongshan 区域 ofnorthern 的可能同时代的床的 bohlini --大多数 Gansu , Suzhousaurus 早代表大知道之一 Cretaceoustherizinosauroids ,证明这 clade 它的进化历史上早达到了可观的身体尺寸。 | LI Daqing PENG Cuo YOU Hailu Matthew C. LAMANNA Jerald D. HARRIS Kenneth J. LACOVARA ZHANG Jianping | 2007 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007，81，4： | 4 |
| 19 | Physiological responses of artificial moss biocrusts to dehydration-rehydration process and heat stress on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘Ex-situ cultivation of biological soil crusts(biocrusts) is a promising technology to produce materials that can induce the recovery of biocrusts in the field for the purposes of preventing soil erosion and improving hydrological function in degraded ecosystems. However, the ability of artificially cultivated biocrusts to survive under adverse field conditions, including drought and heat stresses, is still relatively unknown. Mosses can bolster biocrust resistance to the stresses(e.g., drought and heat) and the resistance may be introduced prior to field cultivation. In this study, we subjected the well-developed artificial moss biocrusts(dominant species of Didymodon vinealis(Brid.) Zand.) that we cultivated in the phytotron to a dehydration-rehydration experiment and also a heat stress experiment and measured the activities of protective enzymes(including peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and catalase(CAT)) and the contents of osmoregulatory substances(including soluble proteins and soluble sugars) and malondialdehyde(MDA, an indicator of oxidative stress) in the stem and leaf fragments of mosses. The results showed that, during the dehydration process, the activities of protective enzymes and the contents of osmoregulatory substances and MDA gradually increased with increasing duration of drought stress(over 13 days). During the rehydration process, values of these parameters decreased rapidly after 1 d of rehydration. The values then showed a gradual decrease for 5 days, approaching to the control levels. Under heat stress(45°C), the activities of protective enzymes and the content of soluble proteins increased rapidly within 2 h of heat exposure and then decreased gradually with increasing duration of heat exposure. In contrast, the contents of soluble sugars and MDA always increased gradually with increasing duration of heat exposure. This study indicates that artificial moss biocrusts possess a strong drought resistance and this resistance can be enhanced after a gradual dehydration treatment. This study also indicates that artificial moss biocrusts can only resist short-term heat stress(not long-term heat stress). These findings suggest that short-term heat stress or prolonged drought stress could be used to elevate the resistance of artificial moss biocrusts to adverse conditions prior to field reintroduction. | BU Chongfeng WANG Chun YANG Yongsheng ZHANG Li Matthew A BOWKER | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，3： | 4 |
| 20 | Embedding hollow Co3O4 nanoboxes into a three- dimensional macroporous graphene framework for high-performance energy storage devices显示文摘 | Mengping Li Maher F. EI-Kady Jee Y. Hwang Matthew D. Kowal Kristofer Marsh Haosen Wang Zhijuan Zhao Richard B. Kaner | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，5： | 3 |
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