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| 1 | Natural Resources Depletion in Hill Areas of Bangladesh:A Review显示文摘Hilly or mountainous terrain occupies around 12% of the area of Bangladesh.Natural resources associated with Bangladesh's hill are forest resources,biodiversity,minerals,and agricultural crops.Natural resources have been exploited in the recent four decades due to excessive clearing of hill forest cover,resulting in loss of species richness, impacts related to increased water flow variability, increased hill slope erosion and flooding intensity, and a gradual decrease in the extent of hill area in Bangladesh.This review explores the major causes and effects of depletion of natural resources by linking drivers,pressures and the related impacts.A review has been conducted to structure the effects on the hilly areas and describe the responses to minimize them in the associated DPSIR framework.Population growth has been identified as a major driver contributing to high deforestation rates.This may negatively effect agricultural productivity and increase the frequency of serious flooding.Slash and burn cultivation also impacts the regeneration of evergreen forests,which may accelerate soil erosion. Due to this and other factors,local people are facing a deficits of natural resources(food,fodder,fuel wood and water),which exacerbates the effects of poverty. Future research should try to facilitate decision making for sustainable utilization of natural resources management in the hilly areas of Bangladesh. Additional conservation measures should be developed to increase the resilience of ecosystems at national and regional levels. | Shampa BISWAS Mark E.SWANSON Harald VACIK | 2012 | Journal of Mountain Science2012，9，2： | 3 |
| 2 | 孟加拉吉大港山区Khagrachari的现代和传统农业系统中土壤化学性质(英文)显示文摘由于森林覆盖面积的缩减,制度上的缺陷,人口增加和不合理的山区农业系统等因素,吉大港山区植被严重退化。孟加拉吉大港山区正在实践现代农业体系(如坡地农垦技术),它通过建立生态群落(而非传统轮垦)提高经济产量和生物多样性,这种现代农业体系提供了一种新土地开发策略。本研究对孟加拉吉大港山区Khagrachari的现代和传统农业体系中的土壤化学性质变化进行对比分析。与传统轮耕相比,实行坡地农业耕地技术的土地有较高的生产容量,含有较高的有机碳和有机物。在吉大港山区,通过发展综合农业生态系统建立稳定的生产环境,可以将轮作耕地变为相对稳定的半永久性的农业系统。 | Shampa Biswas Mark E.Swanson Jalal Uddin Md.Shoaib S.M.S.Sirajul | 2010 | Journal of Forestry Research2010，21，4： | 0 |
| 3 | Large-diameter trees dominate snag and surface biomass following reintroduced fire显示文摘The reintroduction of fire to landscapes where it was once common is considered a priority to restore historical forest dynamics,including reducing tree density and decreasing levels of woody biomass on the forest floor.However,reintroducing fire causes tree mortality that can have unintended ecological outcomes related to woody biomass,with potential impacts to fuel accumulation,carbon sequestration,subsequent fire severity,and forest management.In this study,we examine the interplay between fire and carbon dynamics by asking how reintroduced fire impacts fuel accumulation,carbon sequestration,and subsequent fire severity potential.Beginning pre-fire,and continuing 6 years post-fire,we tracked all live,dead,and fallen trees≥1 cm in diameter and mapped all pieces of deadwood(downed woody debris)originating from tree boles≥10 cm diameter and≥1 m in length in 25.6 ha of an Abies concolor/Pinus lambertiana forest in the central Sierra Nevada,California,USA.We also tracked surface fuels along 2240 m of planar transects pre-fire,immediately post-fire,and 6 years post-fire.Six years after moderate-severity fire,deadwood≥10 cm diameter was 73 Mg ha^(−1),comprised of 32 Mg ha^(−1) that persisted through fire and 41 Mg ha^(−1) of newly fallen wood(compared to 72 Mg ha^(−1) pre-fire).Woody surface fuel loading was spatially heterogeneous,with mass varying almost four orders of magnitude at the scale of 20 m×20 m quadrats(minimum,0.1 Mg ha^(−1);mean,73 Mg ha^(−1);maximum,497 Mg ha^(−1)).Wood from large-diameter trees(≥60 cm diameter)comprised 57%of surface fuel in 2019,but was 75%of snag biomass,indicating high contributions to current and future fuel loading.Reintroduction of fire does not consume all large-diameter fuel and generates high levels of surface fuels≥10 cm diameter within 6 years.Repeated fires are needed to reduce surface fuel loading. | James A.Lutz Soren Struckman Tucker J.Furniss C.Alina Cansler Sara J.Germain Larissa L.Yocom Darren J.McAvoy Crystal A.Kolden Alistair M.S.Smith Mark E.Swanson Andrew J.Larson | 2020 | Ecological Processes2020，9，1： | 0 |
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