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| 1 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——家长对全科医生应用抗生素治疗急性呼吸道感染患儿的效果期望及实际治疗情况的调查研究显示文摘目的全科医生常用抗生素治疗急性呼吸道感染患儿,尽管抗生素对普通的急性呼吸道感染益处不大,而且会带来对抗生素产生耐药性等危害。家长经常因为要求全科医生给患儿开抗生素而被指责。本研究旨在调查家长对使用抗生素治疗患儿的必要性的看法,量化他们对使用抗生素获益的期望,报道使用其他方式治疗本病患儿的经验,报道参与及共同做出决策偏好。方法本研究采用计算机辅助电话采访法。研究对象选自通过随机拨打家庭固定电话联系的澳大利亚多个社区中1~12岁儿童的主要照看者(家长)。结果共拨打了14 505个电话号码,其中10 340个为有效号码。通过拨打电话联系到了589位可能符合研究要求的家长,其中401位接受了采访。绝大部分(92%)受访的家长认为,对普通急性上呼吸道感染,尤其是急性中耳炎来说,抗生素有很好的治疗效果,尽管治疗这些疾病,尤其是急性咳嗽、咽喉痛,不使用抗生素,有时候是可行的。家长们把抗生素的疗效高估了5~10倍,而且他们认为应用抗生素能减少并发症的发生。大部分(78%)家长认识到了抗生素可以带来危害。回顾最近带孩子就诊的经历,44%的家长谈到了自己至少和全科医生讨论过为什么使用抗生素治疗,自己和全科医生在此方面的看法不一致;75%的家长想更多地参与后续治疗中的临床决策。结论部分家长对应用抗生素治疗患儿急性呼吸道感染的看法存在误区,他们高估了使用抗生素治疗的必要性以及抗生素的疗效。因此,全科医生与家长就此方面进行良好的沟通是减少使用抗生素治疗急性呼吸道感染患儿的措施之一。 | COXETER P D MAR C D HOFFMANN T C 本刊编辑部 | 2017 | 中国全科医学2017，20，16： | 3 |
| 2 | Role of vitamin B_(12) on methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity显示文摘Vitamin B 12 is an organometallic compound with important metabolic derivatives that act as cofactors of certain enzymes,which have been grouped into three subfamilies depending on their cofactors.Among them,methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) has been extensively studied.This enzyme catalyzes the reversible isomerization of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA using adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) as a cofactor participating in the generation of radicals that allow isomerization of the substrate.The crystal structure of MCM determined in Propionibacterium freudenreichii var.shermanii has helped to elucidate the role of this cofactor AdoCbl in the reaction to specify the mechanism by which radicals are generated from the coenzyme and to clarify the interactions between the enzyme,coenzyme,and substrate.The existence of human methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) due to the presence of mutations in MCM shows the importance of its role in metabolism.The recent crystallization of the human MCM has shown that despite being similar to the bacterial protein,there are significant differences in the structural organization of the two proteins.Recent studies have identified the involvement of an accessory protein called MMAA,which interacts with MCM to prevent MCM's inactivation or acts as a chaperone to promote regeneration of inactivated enzyme.The interdisciplinary studies using this protein as a model in different organisms have helped to elucidate the mechanism of action of this isomerase,the impact of mutations at a functional level and their repercussion in the development and progression of MMA in humans.It is still necessary to study the mechanisms involved in more detail using new methods. | Tóshiko TAKAHASHI-IIGUEZ Enrique GARCíA-HERNANDEZ Roberto ARREGUíN-ESPINOSA María Elena FLORES | 2012 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2012，13，6： | 3 |
| 3 | A mammalian telomerase-associated protein显示文摘 | HarringtonL McPhail T Mar V | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 4 | Female urinary incontinence during pregnancy and after delivery: Clinical impact and contributing factors显示文摘Urinary incontinence(UI) is a common condition affecting adult women of all ages and it could have a negative infl uence on quality of life. The etiology of UI is multifactorial, but some of the most important risk factors are obesity and ageing, as well as adverse obstetric events. Pregnancy and delivery per se have been implicated in the etiology of UI. Although several studies have demonstrated a direct association between UI and vaginal delivery in short, medium and long-term, the role of childbirth on the risk of UI remains controversial. The mechanical strain during delivery may induce injuries to the muscle, connective and neural structures. Vaginal birth can be associated with relaxation or disruption of fascial and ligamentous supports of pelvic organs. Parity, instrumental delivery, prolonged labor and increased birth weights have always been considered risk factors for pelvic floor injury. Also genetic factors have been recently raised up but still there are not appropriate guidelines or measures to reduce signifi cantly the incidence of UI. The role of pelvic fl oor muscle training(PFMT) in the prevention and treatment of UI is still unclear. However, PFMT seems to be useful when supervised training is conducted and it could be incorporated as a routine part of women's exercise programmes during pregnancy and after childbirth. | Paolo Mannella Giulia Palla Gonzalo Pérez-Roncero María T López-Baena Faustino R Pérez-López | 2013 | World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology2013，2，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Cell proliferation marker MCM2, but not Ki67, is helpful for distinguishing between minimally invasive follicular carcinoma and follicular adenoma of the thyroid显示文摘 | Mar CK Eimoto T Nagaya S | 2006 | Histopathotogy2006，48，7： | 1 |
| 6 | The effects of high CO2levels on anthocyanin composition,antioxidant activity and soluble sugar content of strawberries stored at low non-freezing temperature显示文摘 | Oscar G B María B María T S | 2010 | Food Chemistry2010，122，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Zarrabeitiab,Age-related influence of common aromatase gene polymorphisms on bone mass of healthy men显示文摘 | Ana Zarrabeitiaa Mar a T | 2004 | Bone2004，35，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Optimization of ECG classification by means of feature selection显示文摘 | Mar T Zaunseder S Martinez J P | 2011 | IEEE Trans on Biomedical Engineering2011，58，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Variance-based sensitivity indices for models with dependent inputs 显示文摘 | Thierry A Mar Stefano T | 2012 | Reliability Engineering and System Safety2012，107，： | 1 |
| 10 | Associations between asthma emergency visis and particulate matter sources,including diesel emissons from stationary generators in Tacoma,Washington显示文摘 | MAR T F KOENIG J Q PRIMOMO J | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 11 | Nonselective versus selective B-adrenergic receptor blockade in congestive heart failure显示文摘 | Azevedo ER Kubo T Mar S | 2001 | Circulation2001，104，18： | 1 |
| 12 | Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in benign and malignant follicular thyroid lesions显示文摘 | Cho Mar K Eimoto T Tateyama H | 2006 | Histopathology2006，48，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Systematic re- view of perioperative and quality of-life outcomes fol lowing surgical management of localised renal cancer 显示文摘 | MaeLennan S Imamura M Lapitan M C ()mar M I Lain T B Hilvano-Cabungcal A M | 2012 | Eur Urol2012，62，： | 1 |
| 14 | Impaired vascular growth in late adolescence after intrauterine growth restriction显示文摘 | Brodszki J Lnne T Marsál K | 2011 | Circulation2011，111，20： | 1 |
| 15 | Pollutant loading model fo- rhighway runoff 显示文摘 | Chui T W Mar B W Homer R R | 1982 | Journal of Environmental Engineering1982，108，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Optimization of ECG classification by means of feature selection显示文摘 | Mar T Zaunseder S Martínez J P | 2011 | IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering2011，58，8： | 1 |
| 17 | Production of a defensin-like antifungal protein NFAP from Neosartorya fischeri in Pichia pastoris and its antifungal activity against filamentous fungal isolates from human infections显示文摘 | Máté Virágh Dóra V?r?s Zoltán Kele Laura Kovács ádám Fizil Gergely Lakatos Gergely Maróti Gyula Batta Csaba Vágv?lgyi László Galgóczy | 2014 | Protein Expression and Purification2014，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Evelopment and Testing of the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale显示文摘 | Jaarsma T Strtimberg A Mar J | 2003 | Eur J Heart Fail2003，5，： | 1 |
| 19 | Precise analysis of copper and zinc isotopic compositions by plasma-source mass spectrometry显示文摘 | Maréchal C N Télouk P Albarède F | 1999 | Chem Geol1999，156，14： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of eight benthic diatoms as feed on the growth of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) postlarvae显示文摘 | JUAN G C R MAIADEL P S S MARíA T V | | 0，，04： | 1 |
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