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| 1 | Auxin regulation involved in gynoecium morphogenesis of papaya flowers显示文摘The morphogenesis of gynoecium is crucial for propagation and productivity of fruit crops.For trioecious papaya(Carica papaya),highly differentiated morphology of gynoecium in flowers of different sex types is controlled by gene networks and influenced by environmental factors,but the regulatory mechanism in gynoecium morphogenesis is unclear.Gynodioecious and dioecious papaya varieties were used for analysis of differentially expressed genes followed by experiments using auxin and an auxin transporter inhibitor.We first compared differential gene expression in functional and rudimentary gynoecium at early stage of their development and detected significant difference in phytohormone modulating and transduction processes,particularly auxin.Enhanced auxin signal transduction in rudimentary gynoecium was observed.To determine the role auxin plays in the papaya gynoecium,auxin transport inhibitor(N-1-Naphthylphthalamic acid,NPA)and synthetic auxin analogs with different concentrations gradient were sprayed to the trunk apex of male and female plants of dioecious papaya.Weakening of auxin transport by 10 mg/L NPA treatment resulted in female fertility restoration in male flowers,while female flowers did not show changes.NPA treatment with higher concentration(30 and 50 mg/L)caused deformed flowers in both male and female plants.We hypothesize that the occurrence of rudimentary gynoecium patterning might associate with auxin homeostasis alteration.Proper auxin concentration and auxin homeostasis might be crucial for functional gynoecium morphogenesis in papaya flowers.These results will lead to further investigation on the auxin homeostasis and gynoecium morphogenesis in papaya. | Ping Zhou Mahpara Fatima Xinyi Ma Juan Liu Ray Ming | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Papaya CpbHLH1/2 regulate carotenoid biosynthesis-related genes during papaya fruit ripening显示文摘The ripening of papaya is a physiological and metabolic process associated with accumulation of carotenoids,alternation of flesh color and flavor,which depending on genotype and external factors such as light and hormone.Transcription factors regulating carotenoid biosynthesis have not been analyzed during papaya fruit ripening.RNA-Seq experiments were implemented using different ripening stages of papaya fruit from two papaya varieties.Cis-elements in lycopeneβ-cyclase genes(CpCYC-B and CpLCY-B)were identified,and followed by genome-wide analysis to identify transcription factors binding to these cis-elements,resulting in the identification of CpbHLH1 and CpbHLH2,two bHLH genes.The expressions of CpbHLH1/2 were changed during fruit development,coupled with transcript increase of carotenoid biosynthesis-related genes including CpCYC-B,CpLCY-B,CpPDS2,CpZDS,CpLCY-E,and CpCHY-B.Yeast onehybrid(Y1H)and transient expression assay revealed that CpbHLH1/2 could bind to the promoters of CpCYC-B and CpLCY-B,and regulate their transcriptions.In response to strong light,the results of elevated expression of carotenoid biosynthesis-related genes and the changed expression of CpbHLH1/2 indicated that CpbHLH1/2 were involved in light-mediated mechanisms of regulating critical genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.Collectively,our findings demonstrated several TF family members participating in the regulation of carotenoid genes and proved that CpbHLH1 and CpbHLH2 individually regulated the transcription of lycopeneβ-cyclase genes(CpCYC-B and CpLCY-B).This study yielded novel findings on regulatory mechanism of carotenoid biosynthesis during papaya fruit ripening. | Dong Zhou Yanhong Shen Ping Zhou Mahpara Fatima Jishan Lin Jingjing Yue Xingtan Zhang Li-Yu Chen Ray Ming | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 3 |
| 3 | DNA methylome and transcriptome landscapes revealed differential characteristics of dioecious flowers in papaya显示文摘Separate sexes in dioecious plants display different morphology and physiological characteristics.The differences between the two sexes lie in their highly differentiated floral characteristics and in sex-related phenotype,which is genetically determined and epigenetically modified.In dioecious papaya(Carica papaya L.),global comparisons of epigenetic DNA methylation and gene expressions were still limited.We conducted bisulfite sequencing of early-stage flowers grown in three seasons(spring,summer and winter)and compared their methylome and transcriptome profiles to investigate the differential characteristics of male and female in papaya.Methylation variances between female and male papaya were conserved among three different seasons.However,combined genome-scale transcriptomic evidence revealed that most methylation variances did not have influence on the expression profiles of neighboring genes,and the differentially expressed genes were most overrepresented in phytohormone signal transduction pathways.Further analyses showed diverse stress-responsive methylation alteration in male and female flowers.Male flower methylation was more responsive to stress whereas female flower methylation varied less under stress.Early flowering of male papaya in spring might be associated with the variation in the transcription of CpSVP and CpAP1 coinciding with their gene-specific hypomethylation.These findings provide insights into the sex-specific DNA methylation and gene expression landscapes of dioecious papaya and a foundation to investigate the correlation between differentiated floral characteristics and their candidate genes. | Ping Zhou Xiaodan Zhang Mahpara Fatima Xinyi Ma Hongkun Fang Hansong Yan Ray Ming | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Cinnamon Improves Glucose and Lipids of People With Type 2 Diabetes显示文摘 | Khen Nawaz Klattak Mahpara Safdar | 2003 | Diabetes Care2003，，26： | 1 |
| 5 | Cinnamon improvesglucose and lipids of people with type2diabetes显示文摘 | Alam K Mahpara S Mohammad M A K et a1 | 2003 | Diabetes Care2003，26，： | 1 |
| 6 | Clinical Features and Outcome of Sporadic Colorectal Carcinoma in Young Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Developing Country显示文摘 | Muhammad Nauman Zahir Eisha Mahpara Azhar Sobia Rafiq Kulsoom Ghias Munira Shabbir-Moosajee W. Habano S. Holdenrieder | 2014 | ISRN Oncology2014，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Cinnamon ImprovesGlucose and Lipids of People With Type2 Diabetes 显示文摘 | Alam Khan Khen Nawaz Khattak Mahpara Safdar | 2003 | Diabe- tes Care2003，26，： | 1 |
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