|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Endoscopic management of foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract:A review显示文摘Foreign body ingestion is a common condition, es-pecially among children who represent 80% of these emergencies. The most frequently ingested foreign bodies in children are coins, toys, magnets and batter-ies. Most foreign body ingestions in adults occur while eating, leading to either bone or meat bolus impaction. Flexible endoscopy is the therapeutic method of choice for relieving food impaction and removing true foreign bodies with a success rate of over 95% and with mini-mal complications. This review describes a comprehen-sive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion. Recommendations are based on a review of the literature and extensive personal experi-ence. | Choichi Sugawa Hiromi Ono Mona Taleb Charles E Lucas | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，10： | 45 |
| 2 | Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA): a tool in diagnosis and treatment of infertility显示文摘男不孕的诊断主要基于世界健康组织() 基于手册的精液参数的集中,活动性和形态学。然而,任何一个这些参数都不是为几的富饶潜力的评估的可靠标记,变得明显。为更好的标记的搜索在在富饶病情的检查测试的精子染色质正直上导致了一个增加的焦点并且帮助了繁殖技术。在最后对十年期间,众多的精子 DNA 正直测试被开发了。这些被宣称被一个更低的 intraindividual 变化,更少的 intralaboratory 和 interlaboratory 变化并且这样描绘不比常规精子分析主观。然而,不是都,精子染色质完整测试还被显示了具有临床的价值。到目前为止,被发现了在与富饶的关系有最稳定的临床的阀值价值的测试是精子染色质结构试金(SCSA ) ,在 situ 测量精子 DNA 的危险性到导致酸的 DNA 变性作用的流动 cytometric 测试。由 SCSA 测量了的精子 DNA 破碎出现了是在第一个怀孕规划者以及在经历子宫内的授精的夫妇的成功的怀孕的一个独立预言者,并且能在调查被用作一个工具,建议并且非自愿的无儿女的处理。冲突数据的更多存在在与授精,胚胎前发展和怀孕结果的关系考虑精子 DNA 破碎的角色在在 vitro 授精和 intracytoplasmic 精子注射(ICSI ) 。 | Mona Bungum Leif Bungum Aleksander Giwercman | 2011 | Asian Journal of Andrology2011，13，1： | 35 |
| 3 | GRADE指南:Ⅷ.证据质量评价--间接性显示文摘直接证据来自直接比较我们关注的干预措施用于我们关注的患者人群,并测量患者重要结局的研究。间接证据可由以下4种方式之一产生。第一,患者可能与我们关注的患者不同(适用性一词常用于这类间接性)。第二,所检验的干预措施可能与我们关注的干预措施不同。有关患者和干预措施间接性的决策取决于对生物或社会因素差异是否大到可能使效应尺度出现预期的较大差异的考虑。第三,结果可能有别于最初设定的结局指标——如替代结果本身不重要,但测量之是基于替代结果的变化反映患者重要结局变化这一假设。第四类间接性在概念上与前三类不同,发生于临床医生必须在未经直接比较的两种干预措施间做出选择时。这种情况下比较治疗方案需要特定的统计方法,并根据患者人群、联合干预措施、结局测量指标及备选干预措施试验方法的差异程度,将证据级别降低1或2级。 | Gordon Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz James Woodcock Jan Brozek Mark Helfand Pablo Alonso-Coello Yngve Falck-Ytter Roman Jaeschke Gunn Vist Elie A.Akl Piet N Post Susan Norris Joerg Meerpohl Mona Nasser 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 李鸿浩 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 30 |
| 4 | Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells as treatment of adjuvant rheumatoid arthritis in a rat model显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord stem cells,both mesenchymal and hematopoietic(CD34+),in the treatment of arthritis.METHODS:Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) and hematopoietic(CD34+) stem cells(HSC) were isolated from human umbilical cord blood obtained from the umbilical cord of healthy pregnant donors undergoing fullterm normal vaginal delivery.MSC,HSC,methotrexate(MTX) and sterile saline were injected intra-articularly into the rat hindpaw with complete freunds adjuvant(CFA) induced arthritis after the onset of disease(day 34),when arthritis had become well established(arthritis score ≥ 2).Arthritic indices were evaluated and the levels of interleukin(IL)-1,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and interferon(IFN)-γ and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Animals of all groups were sacrificed 34 d after beginning treatment,except positive control(PC) which was sacrificed at 10,21 and 34 d for microscopic observation of disease progression.We used hematoxylin,eosin and Masson's trichrome stains for histopathological examination of cartilage and synovium.RESULTS:The mean arthritis scores were similar in all groups at 12 and 34 d post immunization,with no statistical significant difference.Upon the injection of stem cells(hematopoietic and mesenchymal),the overall arthritis signs were significantly improved around 21 d after receiving the injection and totally disappeared at day 34 post treatment in MSC group.Mean hindpaw diameter(mm) in the MSC rats was about half that of the PC and MTX groups(P = 0.007 and P = 0.021,respectively) and 0.6 mm less than the HSC group(P = 0.047),as indicated by paw swelling.Associated with these findings,serum levels of TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-1 decreased significantly in HSC and MSC groups compared to PC and MTX groups(P < 0.05),while the expression of IL-10 was increased.Histopathological examination with H and E stain revealed that the MTX treated group showed significant reduction of leucocytic infiltrate and hypertrophy of the synovial tissue with moderate obliteration of the joint cavity.Stem cells treated groups(both hematopoietic CD34+ and mesenchymal),showed significant reduction in leucocytic infiltrate and hypertrophy of the synovial tissue with mild obliteration of the joint cavity.With Masson's trichrome,stain sections from the PC group showed evidence of vascular edema of almost all vessels within the synovium in nearly all arthritic rats.Vacuoles were also visible in the outer vessel wall.The vessel became hemorrhagic and finally necrotic.In addition,there was extensive fibrosis completely obliterating the joint cavity.The mean color area percentage of collagen in this group was 0.324 ± 0.096,which was significantly increased when compared to the negative control group.The mean color area percentage of collagen in hematopoietic CD34+ and mesenchymal groups was 0.176 ± 0.0137 and 0.174 ± 0.0197 respectively,which showed a marked decrement compared to the PC group,denoting a mild increase in synovial tissue collagen fibers.CONCLUSION:MSC enhance the efficacy of CFAinduced arthritis treatment,most likely through the modulation of the expression of cytokines and amelioration of pathological changes in joints. | Sahar Greish Noha Abogresha Zeinab Abdel-Hady Eman Zakaria Mona Ghaly Mohamed Hefny | 2012 | World Journal of Stem Cells2012，4，10： | 17 |
| 5 | Computational imaging without a computer:seeing through random diffusers at the speed of light显示文摘Imaging through diffusers presents a challenging problem with various digital image reconstruction solutions demonstrated to date using computers.Here,we present a computer-free,all-optical image reconstruction method to see through random diffusers at the speed of light.Using deep learning,a set of transmissive diffractive surfaces are trained to all-optically reconstruct images of arbitrary objects that are completely covered by unknown,random phase diffusers.After the training stage,which is a one-time effort,the resulting diffractive surfaces are fabricated and form a passive optical network that is physically positioned between the unknown object and the image plane to all-optically reconstruct the object pattern through an unknown,new phase diffuser.We experimentally demonstrated this concept using coherent THz illumination and all-optically reconstructed objects distorted by unknown,random diffusers,never used during training.Unlike digital methods,all-optical diffractive reconstructions do not require power except for the illumination light.This diffractive solution to see through diffusers can be extended to other wavelengths,and might fuel various applications in biomedical imaging,astronomy,atmospheric sciences,oceanography,security,robotics,autonomous vehicles,among many others. | Yi Luo Yifan Zhao Jingxi Li Ege Çetintaş Yair Rivenson Mona Jarrahi Aydogan Ozcan | 2022 | eLight2022，2，1： | 16 |
| 6 | Increased resistance of drought by Trichoderma harzianum fungal treatment correlates with increased secondary metabolites and proline content显示文摘Plant secondary metabolites play vital role in plant stress response. In this study we investigated whether root colonization of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum) infected by Trichoderma harzianum leads to alterations in the biosynthesis of secondary plant metabolites including phytohormones and osmolyte proline under drought stress. Exposure of tomato to drought caused a drastic decline in plant growth and physiological parameters. Tomato inoculated with T. harzianum showed increased root and shoot growth and chlorophyll pigments as compared to uninoculated controls as well as drought stressed plants. Proline and total soluble protein content was increased in plants inoculated with T. harzianum under both normal as well as drought conditions. An obvious increase in phenol and flavonoid content was observed due to T. harzianum. In addition, T. harzianum inoculated plants maintained higher levels of growth regulators indole acetic acid, indole butyric acid, and gibberellic acid under drought stress. Improved secondary metabolites which play an important role in plant stress tolerance by T. harzianum may have coordinately worked for bringing the growth regulation by protecting membranes from reactive oxygen species(ROS) and enhance plant growth through accessing more nutrients by root system. | Mona S.Alwhibi Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Abdulaziz A.Alqarawi Dina Wafi K.Soliman Stephan Wirth Dilfuza Egamberdieva | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，8： | 15 |
| 7 | Hemodynamic monitoring during liver transplantation:A state of the art review显示文摘Orthotopic liver transplantation can be marked by significant hemodynamic instability requiring the use of a variety of hemodynamic monitors to aide in intraoperative management. Invasive blood pressure monitoring is essential,but the accuracy of peripheral readings in comparison to central measurements has been questioned. When discrepancies exist,central mean arterial pressure,usually measured at the femoral artery,is considered more indicative of adequateperfusion than those measured peripherally. The traditional pulmonary artery catheter is less frequently used due to its invasive nature and known limitations in measuring preload but still plays an important role in measuring cardiac output(CO) when required and in the management of portopulmonary hypertension. Pulse wave analysis is a newer technology that uses computer algorithms to calculate CO,stroke volume variation(SVV) and pulse pressure variation(PPV). Although SVV and PPV have been found to be accurate predicators of fluid responsiveness,CO measurements are not reliable during liver transplantation. Transesophageal echocardiography is finding an increasing role in the realtime monitoring of preload status,cardiac contractility and the diagnosis of a variety of pathologies. It is limited by the expertise required,limited transgastric views during key portions of the operation,the potential for esophageal varix rupture and difficulty in obtaining quantitative measures of CO in the absence of tricuspid regurgitation. | Mona Rezai Rudnick Lorenzo De Marchi Jeffrey S Plotkin | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，10： | 15 |
| 8 | Intragenic antagonistic roles of protein and circRNA in tumorigenesis显示文摘circRNAs arise from back splicing events during mRNA processing, and when deregulated can play an active role in cancer. Here we characterize a new circRNA (circPOK) encoded by the Zbtb7a gene (also kown as POKEMON, LRF) in the context of mesenchymal tumor progression. circPOK functions as a non-coding proto-oncogenic RNA independently and antithetically to its linear transcript counterpart, which acts as a tumor suppressor by encoding the Pokemon transcription factor. We find that circPOK regulates pro-proliferative and pro-angiogenic factors by co-activation of the ILF2/3 complex. Importantly, the expression of Pokemon protein and circRNA is aberrantly uncoupled in cancer through differential post-transcriptional regulation. Thus, we identify a novel type of genetic unit, the iRegulon, that yields biochemically distinct RNA products, circular and linear, with diverse and antithetical functions. Our findings further expand the cellular repertoire towards the control of normal biological outputs, while aberrant expression of such components may underlie disease pathogenesis including cancer. | Jlenia Guarnerio Yang Zhang Giulia Cheloni Riccardo Panella Jesse Mae Katon Mark Simpson Akinobu Matsumoto Antonella Papa Cristian Loretelli Andreas Petri Sakari Kauppinen Cassandra Garbutt Gunnlaugur Petur Nielsen Vikram Deshpande Mireia Castillo-Martin Carlos Cordon-Cardo Spentzos Dimitrios John G. Clohessy Mona Batish Pier Paolo Pandolfi | 2019 | Cell Research2019，29，8： | 15 |
| 9 | Retrospective study on mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms from five European centres显示文摘BACKGROUND Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)is a rare diagnosis,mainly encountered in the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract.There is limited knowledge of its epidemiology,prognosis and biology,and the best management for affected patients is still to be defined.AIM To investigate clinical-pathological characteristics,treatment modalities and survival outcomes of a retrospective cohort of patients with a diagnosis of MiNEN.METHODS Consecutive patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of MiNEN were identified at 5 European centres.Patient data were retrospectively collected from medical records.Pathological samples were reviewed to ascertain compliance with the 2017 World Health Organisation definition of MiNEN.Tumour responses to systemic treatment were assessed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1.Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate survival outcomes.Associations between clinical-pathological characteristics and survival outcomes were explored using Log-rank test for equality of survivors functions(univariate)and Cox-regression analysis(multivariable).RESULTS Sixty-nine consecutive patients identified;Median age at diagnosis:64 years.Males:63.8%.Localised disease(curable):53.6%.Commonest sites of origin:colon-rectum(43.5%)and oesophagus/oesophagogastric junction(15.9%).The neuroendocrine component was;predominant in 58.6%,poorly differentiated in 86.3%,and large cell in 81.25%,of cases analysed.Most distant metastases analysed(73.4%)were occupied only by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component.Ninety-four percent of patients with localised disease underwent curative surgery;53%also received perioperative treatment,most often in line with protocols for adenocarcinomas from the same sites of origin.Chemotherapy was offered to most patients(68.1%)with advanced disease,and followed protocols for pure neuroendocrine carcinomas or adenocarcinomas in equal proportion.In localised cases,median recurrence free survival(RFS);14.0 months(95%CI:9.2-24.4),and median overall survival(OS):28.6 months(95%CI:18.3-41.1).On univariate analysis,receipt of perioperative treatment(vs surgery alone)did not improve RFS(P=0.375),or OS(P=0.240).In advanced cases,median progression free survival(PFS);5.6 months(95%CI:4.4-7.4),and median OS;9.0 months(95%CI:5.2-13.4).On univariate analysis,receipt of palliative active treatment(vs best supportive care)prolonged PFS and OS(both,P<0.001).CONCLUSION MiNEN is most commonly driven by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component,and has poor prognosis.Advances in its biological understanding are needed to identify effective treatments and improve patient outcomes. | Melissa Frizziero Xin Wang Bipasha Chakrabarty Alexa Childs Tu V Luong Thomas Walter Mohid S Khan Meleri Morgan Adam Christian Mona Elshafie Tahir Shah Annamaria Minicozzi Wasat Mansoor Tim Meyer Angela Lamarca Richard A Hubner Juan W Valle Mairéad G McNamara | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，39： | 13 |
| 10 | Predictors of mortality after transjugular portosystemic shunt显示文摘AIM:To investigate if echocardiographic and hemodynamic determinations obtained at the time of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)can provide prognostic information that will enhance risk stratification of patients.METHODS:We reviewed medical records of 467 patients who underwent TIPS between July 2003 and December 2011 at our institution.We recorded information regarding patient demographics,underlying liver disease,indication for TIPS,baseline laboratory values,hemodynamic determinations at the time of TIPS,and echocardiographic measurements both before and after TIPS.We recorded patient comorbidities that may affect hemodynamic and echocardiographic determinations.We also calculated Model for Endstage Liver Disease(MELD)score and Child Turcotte Pugh(CTP)class.The following pre-and post-TIPS echocardiographic determinations were recorded:Left ventricular ejection fraction,right ventricular(RV)systolic pressure,subjective RV dilation,and subjective RV function.We recorded the following hemodynamic measurements:Right atrial(RA)pressure before and after TIPS,inferior vena cava pressure before and after TIPS,free hepatic vein pressure,portal vein pressure before and after TIPS,and hepatic venous pressure gradient(HVPG).RESULTS:We reviewed 418 patients with portal hypertension undergoing TIPS.RA pressure increased by a mean ± SD of 4.8 ± 3.9 mmH g(P < 0.001),HVPG decreased by 6.8 ± 3.5 mmH g(P < 0.001).In multivariate linear regression analysis,a higher MELD score,lower platelet count,splenectomy and a higher portal vein pressure were independent predictors of higher RA pressure(R = 0.55).Three variables predicted 3-mo mortality after TIPS in a multivariate analysis:Age,MELD score,and CTP grade C.Change in the RA pressure after TIPS predicted long-term mortality(per 1 mm Hg change,HR = 1.03,95%CI:1.01-1.06,P < 0.012).CONCLUSION:RA pressure increased immediately after TIPS particularly in patients with worse liver function,portal hypertension,emergent TIPS placement and history of splenectomy.The increase in RA pressure after TIPS was associated with increased mortality.Age,splenectomy,MELD score and CTP grade were independent predictors of long-term mortality after TIPS. | Mona Ascha Sami Abuqayyas Ibrahim Hanouneh Laith Alkukhun Mark Sands Raed A Dweik Adriano R Tonelli | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，11： | 13 |
| 11 | Pioneer of prostate cancer: past, present and the future of FOXA1显示文摘Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed noncutaneous cancers in North American men.While androgen deprivation has remained as the cornerstone of prostate cancer treatment,resistance ensues leading to lethal disease.Forkhead box A1(FOXA1)encodes a pioneer factor that induces open chromatin conformation to allow the binding of other transcription factors.Through direct interactions with the Androgen Receptor(AR),FOXA1 helps to shape AR signaling that drives the growth and survival of normal prostate and prostate cancer cells.FOXA1 also possesses an AR-independent role of regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).In prostate cancer,mutations converge onto the coding sequence and c/s-regulatory elements(CREs)of FOXA1,leading to functional alterations.In addition,FOXA1 activity in prostate cancer can be modulated post-translationally through various mechanisms such as LSD1-mediated protein demethylation.In this review,we describe the latest discoveries related to the function and regulation of FOXA1 in prostate cancer,pointing to their relevance to guide future clinical interventions. | Mona Teng Stanley Zhou Changmeng Cai Mathieu Lupien Housheng Hansen He | 2021 | Protein & Cell2021，12，1： | 12 |
| 12 | Gold-patched graphene nano-stripes for high-responsivity and ultrafast photodetection from the visible to infrared regime显示文摘Graphene is a very attractive material for broadband photodetection in hyperspectral imaging and sensing systems.However,its potential use has been hindered by tradeoffs between the responsivity,bandwidth,and operation speed of existing graphene photodetectors.Here,we present engineered photoconductive nanostructures based on goldpatched graphene nano-stripes,which enable simultaneous broadband and ultrafast photodetection with high responsivity.These nanostructures merge the advantages of broadband optical absorption,ultrafast photocarrier transport,and carrier multiplication within graphene nano-stripes with the ultrafast transport of photocarriers to gold patches before recombination.Through this approach,high-responsivity operation is realized without the use of bandwidth-limiting and speed-limiting quantum dots,defect states,or tunneling barriers.We demonstrate highresponsivity photodetection from the visible to infrared regime(0.6 A/W at 0.8μm and 11.5 A/W at 20μm),with operation speeds exceeding 50 GHz.Our results demonstrate improvement of the response times by more than seven orders of magnitude and an increase in bandwidths of one order of magnitude compared to those of higherresponsivity graphene photodetectors based on quantum dots and tunneling barriers. | Semih Cakmakyapan Ping Keng Lu Aryan Navabi Mona Jarrahi | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 12 |
| 13 | Vitamin D deficiency: Correlation to interleukin-17, interleukin-23 and PⅢNP in hepatitis C virus genotype 4显示文摘AIM: To assess vitamin D (Vit D) abnormalities in hepatitis C infected patients and their relationship with interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23 and N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅲ pro-collagen (PⅢNP) as immune response mediators. METHODS: The study was conducted on 50 Egyptian patients (36 male, 14 female) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, who visited the Hepatology Outpatient Clinic in the Endemic Disease Hospital at Cairo University. Patients were compared with 25 ageand sexmatched healthy individuals. Inclusion criteria were based on a history of liver disease with HCV genotype 4 (HCV-4) infection (as new patients or under followup). Based on ultrasonography, patients were classified into four subgroups; 14 with bright hepatomegaly; 11 with perihepatic fibrosis; 11 with hepatic cirrhosis; and 14 with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Total Vit D (i.e., 25-OH-Vit D) and active Vit D [i.e., 1,25-(OH) 2 -Vit D] assays were carried out using commercial kits. IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP levels were assayed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits, while HCV virus was measured by quantitative and qualitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Levels of Vit D and its active form were significantly lower in advanced liver disease (hepatic cirrhosis and/or carcinoma) patients, compared to those with bright hepatomegaly and perihepatic fibrosis. IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP levels were markedly increased in HCV patients and correlated with the progression of hepatic damage. The decrease in Vit D and active Vit D was concomitant with an increase in viral load, as well as levels of IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP among all subgroups of HCV-infected patients, compared to normal healthy controls. A significant negative correlation was evident between active Vit D and each of IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP (r = -0.679, -0.801 and -0.920 at P < 0.001, respectively). HCV-infected men and women showed no differences with respect to Vit D levels. The viral load was negatively correlated with Vit D and active Vit D (r = -0.084 and -0.846 at P < 0.001, respectively), and positively correlated with IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP (r = 0.951, 0.922 and 0.94 at P < 0.001, respectively). Whether the deficiency in Vit D was related to HCVinduced chronic liver disease or was a predisposing factor for a higher viral load remains to be elucidated. CONCLUSION: The negative correlations between Vit D and IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP highlight their involvement in the immune response in patients with HCV-4related liver diseases in Egypt. | Mona F Schaalan Waleed A Mohamed Hesham H Amin | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，28： | 12 |
| 14 | Unusual disposition of lateral circumflex femoral artery: Anatomical description and clinical implications显示文摘The anatomical knowledge of arterial variations of lower limb is of utmost significance for the present day surgeons and interventional radiologists for minimizing complications during vascular reconstructive procedures, catheterization procedures and surgical intervention for embolism. Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery(LCFA) isan important branch of Profunda Femoris artery and precise knowledge of its variations can be of great relevance during surgical and radiological procedures in femoral region. The present study reports a unique case of anomalous route taken by LCFA posterior to femoral nerve associated with a prominent muscular branch from Femoral artery mimicking the course of LCFA. Documentation of such variations is highly significant. It may serve as guideline for surgeons in reducing the incidence of postoperative complications where LCFA is used as a long vascular pedicle in anterolateral perforator thigh flap and in breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Ignorance of such variations can lead to fatal intraoperative haemorrhage and incapacitating sensory and motor deficit due to injury to femoral nerve branches which are closely related to these vessels. | Shivi Goel Jyoti Arora Vandana Mehta Mona Sharma Rajesh Kumar Suri Gayatri Rath | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，1： | 11 |
| 15 | Vascular calcification:When should we interfere in chronic kidney disease patients and how?显示文摘Chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients are endangered with the highest mortality rate compared to other chronic diseases. Cardiovascular events account for up to 60% of the fatalities. Cardiovascular calcifications affect most of the CKD patients. Most of this calcification is related to disturbed renal phosphate handling. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and klotho deficiency were incriminated in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification through different mechanisms including their effects on endothelium and arterial wall smooth muscle cells. In addition, deficient klotho gene expression, a constant feature of CKD, promotes vascular pathology and shares in progression of the CKD. The role of gut in the etio-pathogenesis of systemic inflammation and vascular calcification is a newly discovered mechanism. This review will cover the medical history, prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical relevance, different tools used to diagnose, the ideal timing to prevent or to withhold the progression of vascular calcification and the different medications and medical procedures that can help to prolong the survival of CKD patients. | Usama Abdel Azim Sharaf El Din Mona Mansour Salem Dina Ossama Abdulazim | 2016 | World Journal of Nephrology2016，5，5： | 10 |
| 16 | Design of task-specific optical systems using broadband diffractive neural networks显示文摘Deep learning has been transformative in many fields,motivating the emergence of various optical computing architectures.Diffractive optical network is a recently introduced optical computing framework that merges wave optics with deep-learning methods to design optical neural networks.Diffraction-based all-optical object recognition systems,designed through this framework and fabricated by 3D printing,have been reported to recognize handwritten digits and fashion products,demonstrating all-optical inference and generalization to sub-classes of data.These previous diffractive approaches employed monochromatic coherent light as the illumination source.Here,we report a broadband diffractive optical neural network design that simultaneously processes a continuum of wavelengths generated by a temporally incoherent broadband source to all-optically perform a specific task learned using deep learning.We experimentally validated the success of this broadband diffractive neural network architecture by designing,fabricating and testing seven different multi-layer,diffractive optical systems that transform the optical wavefront generated by a broadband THz pulse to realize(1)a series of tuneable,single-passband and dual-passband spectral filters and(2)spatially controlled wavelength de-multiplexing.Merging the native or engineered dispersion of various material systems with a deep-learning-based design strategy,broadband diffractive neural networks help us engineer the light–matter interaction in 3D,diverging from intuitive and analytical design methods to create taskspecific optical components that can all-optically perform deterministic tasks or statistical inference for optical machine learning. | Yi Luo Deniz Mengu Nezih T.Yardimci Yair Rivenson Muhammed Veli Mona Jarrahi Aydogan Ozcan | 2019 | Light(Science & Applications)2019，8，1： | 9 |
| 17 | 男性肥胖对精液质量和辅助生殖结局的影响显示文摘已有文献报道男性超重及肥胖造成内分泌紊乱,可能会降低男性的生育能力。然而,男性体重指数(BMI)对精液质量和辅助生殖结局的影响却仍具争议。本研究将肥胖男性与正常体重男性对比,探明男性BMI的升高对精液质量和辅助生殖结局的影响。本研究纳入的612例肥胖不育男性来自丹麦生育中心,记录身高和体重数据并计算BMI值。根据BMI值(kgm^-2)将男性分为4组:〈20为体重不足组,20-24.9为正常体重组,25—29.9为超重组,〉30为超重组。依据WHO指南进行常规精液分析,按照SCSA检测精液DNA完整性。结果发现,男性BMI对常规精液参数(包括精子浓度、精子数目、精子体积及活动力)并无统计学影响。此外,诸如受孕率、GQE等辅助生殖结局,妊娠结局并未因BMI的升高而受显著影响。 | Lise Thomsen Peter Humaidan Leif Bungum Mona Bungum | 2014 | Asian Journal of Andrology2014，16，5： | 9 |
| 18 | 2005—2014年美国推行2剂水痘疫苗接种项目期间的水痘流行病学特征显示文摘在推广水痘疫苗之前,美国每年约发生400万例水痘病例,有11 000~13 500例水痘相关的住院病例和100~150例水痘相关的死亡病例。自1996年,美国推行了常规接种1剂水痘疫苗项目。根据两个开展水痘主动监测区域的数据,在开展水痘疫苗接种项目后的10年间,水痘的发病率下降了90%。 | Adriana S.Lopez John Zhang Mona Marin 周惠嘉 | 2018 | 上海预防医学2018，30，8： | 9 |
| 19 | Phytotherapy in diabetes: Review on potential mechanistic perspectives显示文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a widely spread epidemic dis ease that results from the absence of insulin, decreased secretion and/or impaired function. Since DM is a multi factorial disease, the available pharmaceuticals, despite their sensible treatment, target mostly one pathway to control hyperglycemia and encounter several side effects. Therefore, new therapeutic paradigms aim to hit several pathways using only one agent. Tradition ally, antidiabetic plants and/or their active constituents may fulfill this need. More than 200 species of plants possess antidiabetic properties which were evaluated mostly by screening tests without digging far for the exact mode of action. Searching among the differen literature resources and various database and in view o the above aspects, the present article provides a com prehensive review on the available antidiabetic plants that have been approved by pharmacological and clini cal evaluations, and which their mechanism(s) of ac tion is assured. These plants are categorized according to their proved mode of action and are classified into those that act by inhibiting glucose absorption from in testine, increasing insulin secretion from the pancreasinhibiting glucose production from hepatocytes, or enhancing glucose uptake by adipose and muscle tissues. The current review also highlights those that mimic in their action the new peptide analogs, such as exenatide, liraglutide and dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors that increase glucagon-like peptide-1 serum concentration and slow down the gastric emptying. | Hanan S El-Abhar Mona F Schaalan | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，2： | 8 |
| 20 | Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants显示文摘For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria(LAB), lactic acid utilizing bacteria(LUB), or other microorganism's species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance. | Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jose S Martínez Castaeda Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 7 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员