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| 1 | STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION OF TITANIUM-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES BY X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY显示文摘As a potential application of titanium-oxide nanoparticles, it is extremely importantto investigate a detailed picture of the surface and interior structural properties ofnanocrystalline materials, such as rutile and anatase with diameters 7.0 and 4.5nm,respectively. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to identify the local Ti envi-ronment and related electronic structure. We combine the experimental results at theTi edge in both bulk and nano-crystals to determine the lattice distortion in terms ofdifferently characteristic preedge features and the variation in the multiple-scatteringregion of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. The relationshipbetween the transition peaks and the surface-to volume ratio is also discussed. | Z.Y. Wu J. Zhang K. Ibrahim M.I. Abbas G. Li Y. Tao T.D. Hu F.Q. Liu H.J. Qian Y.N. Xie Q.H. Zhang L. Gao Z.Z. Chen | 2002 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2002，15，1： | 1 |
| 2 | Quality of effluents from Hattar Industrial Estate显示文摘Of 6634 registered industries in Pakistan, 1228 are considered to be highly polluting. The major industries include textile, pharmaceutical, chemicals (organic and inorganic), food industries, ceramics, steel, oil mills and leather tanning which spread all over four provinces, with the larger number located in Sindh and Punjab, with smaller number in North Western Frontier Province (NWFP) and Baluchistan. Hattar Industrial Estate extending over 700 acres located in Haripur district of NWFP is a new industrial estate, which has been developed with proper planning for management of industrial effluents. The major industries located in Hattar are ghee industry, chemical (sulfuric acid, synthetic fiber) industry, textile industry and pharmaceuticals industry. These industries, although developed with proper planning are discharging their effluents in the nearby natural drains and ulti- mately collected in a big drain near Wah. The farmers in the vicinity are using these effluents for growing vegetables and cereal crops due to shortage of water. In view of this discussion, there is a dire need to determine if these effluents are hazardous for soil and plant growth. So, effluents from different industries, sewage and normal tap water samples were collected and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble salts (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen, cations and anions and heavy metals. The effluents of ghee and textile industries are highly alkaline. EC and TSS loads of ghee and textile industries are also above the National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), Pakistan. All the effluents had residual sodium carbonates (RSCs), carbonates and bicarbonates in amounts that cannot be used for irrigation. Total toxic metals load in all the effluents is also above the limit i.e. 2.0 mg/L. Copper in effluents of textile and sewage, manganese in ghee industry effluents and iron contents in all the effluents were higher than NEQS. BOD and COD values of all the industries are also above the NEQS. On the whole, these effluents cannot be used for irrigation without proper treatment otherwise that may cause toxicity to soil, plants and animals as well add to the problems of salinity and sododicity. Similarly, these effluents cannot be used for fish farming. | SIAL R.A. CHAUDHARY M.F. ABBAS S.T. LATIF M.I. KHAN A.G. | 2006 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2006，7，12： | 1 |
| 3 | INVESTIGATION ON THE VALENCE STATE OF Ce ATOMIN BULK AND NANOCRYSTAL CeO_2 BY X-RAY ABSORPTION ANDPHOTOEMISSION显示文摘Valence band photoemission spectra (PES) for both bulk and nanocrystal CeO2 have been measured on and off resonance of Ce 4d-4f absorption edge. The PES show that the bulk and nanocrystal CeO2 of diameter ranging from 8nm to 50nm exhibit a peak near Fermi edge with binding energy of about 1.8eV. The 1.8eV peak shows a strong dependence on excitation energy, although it looks like the contribution of Ce3+ ion following the data reported in literatures. However, according to the results of resonance photoemission and X-ray absorption spectra at 1s edge, this electronic structure may be associated to the intermediate state charge transfer effects. | K. Ibrahim, Z.Y. Wu, J. Zhang, M.I. Abbas, F.Q. Liu and H.J. Qian (Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 918, Beijing 100039, China) | 2001 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2001，14，6： | 0 |
| 4 | RESONANT PHOTOEMISSION OF BULK CeO_(2) AND NANO-CeO_(2) FILMS显示文摘Photoemission behaviors of nano-CeO2 films with particle sizes ranging from 8nm to 50nm and bulk CeO2 in Ce 4d-4f absorption region have been investigated. Resonant enhancements of Ce 4f valance band and Ce 5p bands for nano film and bulk material have been observed. The variation of electron density,, of states in valance bands of nano and bulk structures of CeO2 is discussed in terms of Ce 4d-4f resonance. | M.I. Abbas, K. Ibrahim, Z.Y. Wu, J. Zhang, F.Q. Liu and H.J. Qian (Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 918, Beijing 100039, China) | 2001 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2001，14，6： | 0 |
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