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| 1 | Molecular and phenotypic characterization of human amniotic fluid cells and their differentiation potential显示文摘学习的主要目标是多识别人的新奇来源有势力房间,克服涉及胚胎的干细胞研究和很成年的干细胞的有限可获得性的道德的问题。羊膜的液体房间(声频抗流圈) 习惯性地为出生前的诊断被获得并且能在 vitro 被扩展;他们的起源和性质的不过当前的知识是有限的。声频抗流圈的二十件样品在文化暴露于 adipogenic, osteogenic,神经原并且 myogenic 媒介。区别用免疫细胞化学, RT-PCR 并且西方的弄污被评估。在处理前,声频抗流圈显示出异构的形态学。他们为 MyoD, Myf-5, MRF4, Myogenin 和 Desmin 是否定的但是为由 RT-PCR 的 osteocalcin, PPARgamma2, GAP43, NSE, Nestin, MAP2, GFAP 和贝它导管素 III 积极。房间表示了 Oct-4, Rex-1 和 Runx-1,它描绘无差别的干细胞状态。由免疫细胞化学,他们表示了 neural-glial 蛋白质,间充质、上皮的标记。在文化以后,当占优势的细胞的部件是 fibroblastic 时,声频抗流圈区分了进 adipocytes 和造骨细胞。就算没有 neuronal 形态学是可检测的,早、迟了的 neuronal 抗原仍然是在在神经特定的媒介的 2 星期文化以后的现在。我们的结果提供人的羊膜的液体与为几个系显示出茎和织物特定的基因 / 蛋白质存在的多系潜力包含祖先房间的证据。 | Patrizia Bossolasco Tiziana Montemurro Lidia Cova Stefano Zangrossi Cinzia Calzarossa Simona Buiatiotis Davide Soligo Silvano Bosari Vincenzo Silani Giorgio Lambertenghi Deliliers PaoloRebulla LorenzaLazzari | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，4： | 20 |
| 2 | Volar locking distal radius plates show better short-term results than other treatment options: A prospective randomised controlled trial显示文摘AIM To compare the outcomes of displaced distal radius fractures treated with volar locking plates and with immediate postoperative mobilisation with the outcomes of these fractures treated with modalities that necessitate 6 wk wrist immobilisation.METHODS A prospective, randomised controlled single-centre trial was conducted with 56 patients who had a displaced radius fracture were randomised to treatment either with a volar locking plate(n = 29), or another treatment modality(n = 27; cast immobilisation with or without wires or external fixator). Outcomes were measured at 12 wk. Functional outcome scores measured were the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation(PRWE) Score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and activities of daily living(ADLs). Clinical outcomes were wrist range of motion and grip strength. Radiographic parameters were volar inclination and ulnar variance.RESULTS Patients in the volar locking plate group had significantly better PRWE scores, ADL scores, grip strength and range of extension at three months compared with the control group. All radiological parameters were significantly better in the volar locking plate group at 3 mo. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that volar locking plates produced significantly better functional and clinical outcomes at 3 mo compared with other treatment modalities. Anatomical reduction was significantly more likely to be preserved in the plating group. Level of evidence: Ⅱ. | Herwig Drobetz Lidia Koval Patrick Weninger Ruth Luscombe Paula Jeffries Stefan Ehrendorfer Clare Heal | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，10： | 18 |
| 3 | Amyloid-beta peptide and tau protein crosstalk in Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that accounts for most of the 50-million dementia cases worldwide in 2018.A large amount of evidence supports the amyloid cascade hypothesis,which states that amyloid-beta accumulation triggers tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in form of neurofibrillary tangles,and these aggregates lead to inflammation,synaptic impairment,neuronal loss,and thus to cognitive decline and behavioral abnormalities.The poor correlation found between cognitive decline and amyloid plaques,have led the scientific community to question whether amyloid-beta accumulation is actually triggering neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.The occurrence of tau neurofibrillary tangles better correlates to neuronal loss and clinical symptoms and,although amyloid-beta may initiate the cascade of events,tau impairment is likely the effector molecule of neurodegeneration.Recently,it has been shown that amyloid-beta and tau cooperatively work to impair transcription of genes involved in synaptic function and,more importantly,that downregulation of tau partially reverses transcriptional perturbations.Despite mounting evidence points to an interplay between amyloid-beta and tau,some factors could independently affect both pathologies.Thus,the dual pathway hypothesis,which states that there are common upstream triggers causing both amyloid-beta and tau abnormalities has been proposed.Among others,the immune system seems to be strongly involved in amyloid-beta and tau pathologies.Other factors,as the apolipoprotein Eε4 isoform has been suggested to act as a link between amyloid-beta and tau hyperphosphorylation.Interestingly,amyloid-beta-immunotherapy reduces not only amyloid-beta but also tau levels in animal models and in clinical trials.Likewise,it has been shown that tau-immunotherapy also reduces amyloid-beta levels.Thus,even though amyloid-beta immunotherapy is more advanced than tau-immunotherapy,combined amyloid-beta and tau-directed therapies at early stages of the disease have recently been proposed as a strategy to stop the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. | Alejandro R.Roda Gabriel Serra-Mir Laia Montoliu-Gaya Lidia Tiessler Sandra Villegas | 2022 | Neural Regeneration Research2022，17，8： | 13 |
| 4 | Colorectal peritoneal metastases:Optimal management review显示文摘The peritoneum is a common site of dissemination for colorrectal cancer, with a poorer prognosis than other sites of metastases. In the last two decades, it has been considered as a locoregional disease progression and treated as such with curative intention treatments. Cytoreductive surgery(CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC) is the actual reference treatment for these patients as better survival results have been reached as compared to systemic chemotherapy alone, but its therapeutic efficacy is still under debate. Actual guidelines recommend that the management of colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases should be led by a multidisciplinary team carried out in experienced centers and consider CRS + HIPEC for selected patients. Accumulative evidence in the last three years suggests that this is a curative treatment that may improve patients disease-free survival, decrease the risk of recurrence, and does not increase the risk of treatment-related mortality. In this review we aim to gather the latest results from referral centers and opinions from experts about the effectiveness and feasibility of CRS + HIPEC for treating peritoneal disease from colorectal malignancies. | Juan Manuel Sánchez-Hidalgo Lidia Rodríguez-Ortiz Alvaro Arjona-Sánchez Sebastián Rufián-Pena Angela Casado-Adam Antonio Cosano-Alvarez Javier Briceno-Delgado | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，27： | 11 |
| 5 | Aloesin as a medical food ingredient for systemic oxidative stress of diabetes显示文摘Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires a long term management where oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in disease progression and intensifying secondary complications. In spite of all the research on diabetes and recent advances in diabetes treatments, the reality is that there is no cure for diabetes and its devastating complications. While currently available anti-diabetic therapies are effective in reducing blood glucose level, they are not without associated side effects when they are used for a long term applications. As a result, physicians and patients are inclining more towards to a safer therapy with less serious side effects in the form of medicinal foods and botanical alternatives that are suitable for chronic usage. Aloesin, an Aloe chromone, has previously been formulated with an aloe polysaccharide to give a composition called Loesyn, where it showed significant impact in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, fructosamine and plasma insulin level in humans. Radical scavenging activities of chromones and polysaccharides from Aloe have also been reported. Here we rationalize the relevance of use of Aloesin alone or in a standardized blend with Aloe polysaccharides, as a potential medical food to manage systemic oxidative stress and/or high blood glucose of diabetes. | Mesfin Yimam Lidia Brownell Qi Jia | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，9： | 9 |
| 6 | Bleeding Dieulafoy's-like lesions of the gut identified by capsule endoscopy显示文摘Dieulafoy's-like lesions (DLs-like) represent a cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, enteroscopy being the main diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Frequently, more than one enteroscopy is needed to identify the bleeding vessel. In our practice, video capsule endoscopy (VCE) identified and guided therapy in four cases of DLs-like; three of them were localized on the small bowel. We report, for the first time, a diagnosis of colonic DL-like performed by colon capsule endoscopy. Two patients presented with severe cardiovascular disorders, being hemodynamically unstable during VCE examination. Based on the VCE findings, only one invasive therapeutic procedure per patient was necessary to achieve hemostasis. VCE and enteroscopy may be regarded as complementary procedures in patients with gut DLs-like. | Lidia Ciobanu Oliviu Pascu Brindusa Diaconu Daniela Matei Cristina Pojoga Marcel Tantu | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，29： | 8 |
| 7 | 基于冻融次数-物理时间比拟理论的冻土长期强度预测方法显示文摘冻融作用可以改变土的结构,引起其力学特征的变化,从而影响到冻土工程的稳定性。由于冻融周期的设定不尽相同,因此大量的试验结果不能有效地进行对比分析。另外,对于冻融作用下土体力学特征的预测也成为研究的难点。在冻土遗传蠕变理论的基础上,利用球型模板压入仪作为测试方法,提出了一种冻融次数-物理时间比拟的方法。把冻融周期(次数)转化成物理时间(min),将不同冻融周期土的长期强度曲线簇映射到同一坐标中,利用该归一化曲线进行长期抗剪强度的预测,并选取了两种土样进行了测试,分别得到了相关的长期抗剪强度的预测方程。该方法对冻融作用下土体力学行为的成果对比研究以及长期强度的预测有重要的理论意义,对寒区工程稳定性预测分析也具有工程实践价值。 | 张泽 马巍 ROMAN Lidia MELNIKOV Andrey 杨希 李宏璧 | 2021 | 岩土力学2021，42，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Cognitive function and adherence to anticoagulation treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation显示文摘BackgroundMedication 坚持是有收到口头的 anticoagulations (OAC ) 的 atrial 纤维性颤动(AF ) 的病人的全面照顾的不可分的部分治疗。有 AF 的许多病人是老的并且可以受不了认知缺陷的某形式。这研究被进行调查认知缺陷是否在包含的 AF patients.MethodsThe 学习影响坚持的水平到 anticoagulation 治疗 111 个 AF 病人(吝啬的年龄, 73.5 ±8.3 年) 与 OAC 对待。认知功能用微型心理州的考试(MMSE ) 被估计。坚持的水平被 8 条款 Morisky 药坚持规模(MMAS-8 ) 估计。从 0 ~ 8 在 MMAS-8 范围上得分,与分数 <6 思考低坚持, 6 到 <8 中等坚持,和 AF 病人的 8 高 adherence.Results46.9% 有低坚持, 18.8% 有的中等坚持,和 33.3% 有的高坚持到 OAC。有更低的坚持的病人是比有中等或高的坚持的那些老的(76.6 ±8.7 对 71.3 ±6.4 对 71.1 ±6.7 年) 并且获得的低 MMSE 分数,显示的认知混乱或痴呆(MMSE = 22.3 ±4.2 ) 。有中等或高的坚持的病人获得了高 MMSE 测试结果(27.5 ±1.7 和 27.5 ±3.6 ) 。根据枪兵等级关联,到有 OAC 的治疗的更坏的坚持被老年决定(r S =− 0.372 ) 并且更低的 MMSE 分数(r S = 0.717 ) 。根据 multivariate 回归分析,认知功能的水平是坚持的一个重要独立预言者(b = 1.139 ).ConclusionsCognitive 缺陷是对在有 AF 的老病人的药理学治疗的依从的一个独立决定因素。出乎对认知功能的评价之外,更低的坚持与病人的年龄有关。 | Beata Jankowska-Polanska Lomper Katarzyna Alberska Lidia Jaroch Joanna Krzysztof Dudek Uchmanowicz Izabella | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，7： | 6 |
| 9 | Gastrointestinal complications after kidney transplantation显示文摘Gastrointestinal complications are common after renal transplantation,and they have a wide clinical spectrum,varying from diarrhoea to post-transplant inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Chronic immunosuppression may increase the risk of post-transplant infection and medication-related injury and may also be responsible for IBD in kidney transplant re-cipients despite immunosuppression.Differentiating the various forms of post-transplant colitis is challenging,since most have similar clinical and histological features.Drug-related colitis are the most frequently encountered colitis after kidney transplantation,particularly those related to the chronic use of mycophenolate mofetil,while de novo IBDs are quite rare.This review will explore colitis after kidney transplantation,with a particular focus on different clinical and histological features,attempting to clearly identify the right treatment,thereby improving the final outcome of patients. | Rossella Gioco Daniela Corona Burcin Ekser Lidia Puzzo Gaetano Inserra Flavia Pinto Chiara Schipa Francesca Privitera Pierfrancesco Veroux Massimiliano Veroux | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，38： | 6 |
| 10 | 机动车细微颗粒物及气体污染物排放的隧道实测研究显示文摘利用隧道实验法对澳洲Vulturestreet公交专用隧道的细微颗粒物和气体污染物进行连续4d实测,分析了自然通风和纵向通风下隧道内NOX、细微颗粒物数目浓度以及细微颗粒物粒度分布特征。结果表明,隧道内细微颗粒物粒径谱呈双峰分布,峰值区段细微颗粒物粒径分别在19~25、70~105nm,判定为低硫柴油公交车和CNG公交车共同作用结果。隧道内NO2/NOX比值与NOX具有很强的相关性(R2=0.8320),当NOX大于1.000×10-6时,NO2/NOX渐进于(0.088±0.001),同时,NOX与细微颗粒物数目浓度、细微颗粒物总体积(VFP)呈明显的线性相关关系。柴油公交车和CNG公交车的混合条件下,细微颗粒物数目浓度、NOX平均排放因子分别为(2.48±1.53)×1014个/km、(12.8±5.1)g/km,柴油车和CNG公交车细微颗粒物数目浓度排放因子和NO排放因子没有明显差异。 | 朱春 张旭 Morawska Lidia | 2010 | 环境污染与防治2010，32，5： | 5 |
| 11 | Colonoscopy surveillance for high risk polyps does not always prevent colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM To determine the frequency and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) development among individuals with resected advanced adenoma(AA)/traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)/advanced sessile serrated adenoma(ASSA). METHODS Data was collected from medical records of 14663 subjects found to have AA, TSA, or ASSA at screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or known genetic predisposition for CRC were excluded from the study. Factors associated with CRC developing after endoscopic management of high risk polyps were calculated in 4610 such patients who had at least one surveillance colonoscopy within 10 years following the original polypectomy of the incident advanced polyp. RESULTS84/4610(1.8%) patients developed CRC at the polypectomy site within a median of 4.2 years(mean 4.89 years), and 1.2%(54/4610) developed CRC in a region distinct from the AA/TSA/ASSA resection site within a median of 5.1 years(mean 6.67 years). Approximately, 30%(25/84) of patients who developed CRC at the AA/TSA/ASSA site and 27.8%(15/54) of patients who developed CRC at another site had colonoscopy at recommended surveillance intervals. Increasing age; polyp size; male sex; right-sided location; high degree of dysplasia; higher number of polyps resected; and piecemeal removal were associated with an increased risk for CRC developmentat the same site as the index polyp. Increasing age; right-sided location; higher number of polyps resected and sessile endoscopic appearance of the index AA/TSA/ASSA were significantly associated with an increased risk for CRC development at a different site. CONCLUSION Recognition that CRC may develop following AA/TSA/ASSA removal is one step toward improving our practice efficiency and preventing a portion of CRC related morbidity and mortality. | Mohamad A Mouchli Lidia Ouk Marianne R Scheitel Alisha P Chaudhry Donna Felmlee-Devine Diane E Grill Shahrooz Rashtak Panwen Wang Junwen Wang Rajeev Chaudhry Thomas C Smyrk Ann L Oberg Brooke R Druliner Lisa A Boardman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，8： | 5 |
| 12 | Fatty acid intake in relation to reproductive hormones and testicular volume among young healthy men显示文摘新兴的证据建议饮食的脂肪可以影响阴囊的功能。然而,大多数这域上的出版文学为阴囊的功能把精液质量参数用作唯一的代理。我们在健康的年轻西班牙的人之中与传播繁殖荷尔蒙层次和阴囊的体积检验了胖吸入的协会。这是在在西班牙的 Murcia 区域在 2010 年 10 月和 2011 年 11 月之间进行的 209 个健康男志愿者之中的代表性的研究。参加者在生活方式上完成了问询表,饮食,并且吸烟,并且各经历了物理考试,并且提供了一件血样品。线性回归被用来检验在每种丰满的酸类型和繁殖荷尔蒙层次和阴囊的体积之间的协会。Monounsaturated 丰满的酸吸入相反地与计算免费睾丸激素,全部的睾丸激素,和 inhibin B 的浆液血层次被联系。一个积极协会在多元不堡和的吸入之间被观察丰满的酸,特别地 omega-6 多元不堡和丰满的酸,和 luteinizing 荷尔蒙集中。另外, trans 的吸入丰满的酸与更低的全部的睾丸激素和计算免费睾丸激素集中被联系(P 趋势 = 0.01 和 0.02,分别地) 。omega-3 多元不堡和的吸入丰满的酸断然与阴囊的体积有关当时 omega-6 多元不堡和的吸入丰满的酸和 trans 丰满的酸相反地与阴囊的体积有关。这些数据建议那胖吸入,并且特别地终止 3 的吸入,终止 6,并且 trans 丰满的酸,可以影响阴囊的功能。 | Lidia Minguez-Alarcon Jorge E Chavarro JJaime Mendiola Manuela Roca Cigdem Tanrikut Jesus Vioque Niels Jorgensen Alberto M Torres-Cantero | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，2： | 5 |
| 13 | Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells as feasible and effective adoptive immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumors显示文摘 | Giulia Mesiano Maja Todorovic Loretta Gammaitoni Valeria Leuci Lidia Giraudo Diego Fabrizio Carnevale-Schianca Franca Fagioli Wanda Piacibello Massimo Aglietta Dario Sangiolo | 2012 | Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy2012，，6： | 5 |
| 14 | Increased circulating zonulin in children with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM:To investigate the potential association of circulating zonulin with the stage of liver disease in obese children with biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS:A case-control study was performed.Cases were 40 obese children with NAFLD.The diagnosis of NAFLD was based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)with high hepatic fat fraction(HFF≥5%),and confirmed by liver biopsy with≥5%of hepatocytes containing macrovesicular fat.Controls were selected from obese children with normal levels of aminotransferases,and without MRI evidence of fatty liver as well as of other causes of chronic liver diseases.Controls were matched(1-to 1)with the cases on age,gender,pubertal stage and as closely as possible on body mass index-standard deviation score.All participants underwent clinical examination,laboratory testsincluding zonulin,inflammatory and metabolic parameters,and MRI for measurement of HFF and visceral adipose tissue.RESULTS:Zonulin values were significantly greater in obese subjects with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD[median(interquartile range),4.23(3.18-5.89)vs 3.31(2.05-4.63),P<0.01].In patients with NAFLD,zonulin concentrations increased significantly with the severity of steatosis and the Spearman’s coefficient revealed a positive correlation between zonulin values and steatosis(r=0.372,P<0.05);however,we did not find a significant correlation between zonulin and lobular inflammation(P=0.23),ballooning(P=0.10),fibrosis score(P=0.18),or presence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(P=0.17).Within the entire study population,zonulin levels were positively associated with gamma-glutamyl transferase,2-h insulin,HFF,and negatively associated with whole-body insulin sensitivity index(WBISI),after adjustment for age,gender and pubertal status.When the associations were restricted to the group of NAFLD patients,2-h insulin,hepatic fat,and WBISI retained statistical significance.CONCLUSION:Circulating zonulin is increased in children and adolescents with NAFLD and correlates with the severity of steatosis. | Lucia Pacifico Enea Bonci Lidia Marandola Sara Romaggioli Stefano Bascetta Claudio Chiesa | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，45： | 4 |
| 15 | Harness the power of endogenous neural stem cells by biomaterials to treat spinal cord injury显示文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating medical condition without a cure.Reestablishment of neuronal connections after spinal cord injury is the'holy grail'of SCI research.However,grafting exogenous cells,including neural stem cells and a variety of adult somatic cells,has had very limited success[1].Two back-to-back papers published in | DE FILIPPIS Lidia SüDHOF Thomas C. PANG ZhiPing P. | 2015 | Science China(Life Sciences)2015，58，11： | 4 |
| 16 | The Quality of Sour Cherry Maidens Fertilized with Various Biopreparations in an Organic Nursery显示文摘 | Zygmunt Stanistaw Grzyb Wojciech Piotrowski Lidia Sas Paszt Pawet Bielicki | 2013 | Journal of Life Sciences2013，7，4： | 4 |
| 17 | 人体呼出气溶胶在封闭环境中的分布特性(英文)显示文摘研究了1.0~10.0μm的呼吸道颗粒物在混合送风、置换送风和地板送风的办公室环境中的浓度空间分布和瞬态演变规律.仿真结果表明:小于10.0μm的飞沫在混合送风的房间内几乎是均匀分布的.然而,在置换送风和地板送风中,垂直温度梯度使得小于10.0μm的飞沫在人体呼吸区高度聚集,导致一个较高的浓度水平,因此室内人员被感染的概率比较高.由咳嗽或者打喷嚏产生的飞沫在置换和地板送风中的稀释(浓度衰减)比在混合送风中慢,这是因为置换和地板送风中人体呼吸区的风速比较小,飞沫在此聚集,不易被气流携带排出室内空间. | 高乃平 牛建磊 Lidia Morawska | 2010 | Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)2010，26，2： | 3 |
| 18 | rate of adverse events of gastroduodenal snare polypectomy for non-flat polyp is low: A prospective and multicenter study显示文摘AIM To evaluate the rate of adverse events(AEs) during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers. METHODS Polypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps ≥ 5 mm using hot snare were prospectively included. Prophylactic measures of hemorrhage were allowed in predefined cases. AEs were defined and graded according to the lexicon recommended by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Patients were followed for 48 h, one week and 1 mo after theprocedure. RESULTS308 patients were included and a single polypectomy was performed in 205. Only 36(11.7%) were on prior anticoagulant therapy. Mean polyp size was 15 ± 8.9 mm(5-60) and in 294 cases(95.4%) were located in the stomach. Hemorrhage prophylaxis was performed in 219(71.1%) patients. Nine patients presented AEs(2.9%), and 6 of them were bleeding(n = 6, 1.9%)(in 5 out of 6 AE, different types of endoscopic treatment were performed). Other 24 hemorrhagic episodes could be managed without any change in the outcome of the endoscopy and, consequently, were considered incidents. We did not find any independent risk factor of bleeding.CONCLUSION Gastroduodenal polypectomy using prophylactic measures has a rate of AEs small enough to consider this procedure a safe and effective method for polyp resection independently of the polyp size and location. | Henry Córdova Lidia Argüello Carme Loras Antonio Naranjo Rodríguez Faust Riu Pons Joan B Gornals David Nicolás-Pérez Xavier Andújar Murcia Luis Hernández Santos Santolaria Carles Leal Carles Pons Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles Orlando García-Bosch Michel Papo Berger José Luis Ulla Rocha Cristina Sánchez-Montes Gloria Fernández-Esparrach | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，47： | 3 |
| 19 | A high-density, multi-parental SNP genetic map on apple validates a new mapping approach for outcrossing species显示文摘Quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping approaches rely on the correct ordering of molecular markers along the chromosomes,which can be obtained from genetic linkage maps or a reference genome sequence.For apple(Malus domestica Borkh),the genome sequence v1 and v2 could not meet this need;therefore,a novel approach was devised to develop a dense genetic linkage map,providing the most reliable marker-loci order for the highest possible number of markers.The approach was based on four strategies:(i)the use of multiple full-sib families,(ii)the reduction of missing information through the use of HaploBlocks and alternative calling procedures for single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers,(iii)the construction of a single backcross-type data set including all families,and(iv)a two-step map generation procedure based on the sequential inclusion of markers.The map comprises 15417 SNP markers,clustered in 3 K HaploBlock markers spanning 1267 cM,with an average distance between adjacent markers of 0.37 cM and a maximum distance of 3.29 cM.Moreover,chromosome 5 was oriented according to its homoeologous chromosome 10.This map was useful to improve the apple genome sequence,design the Axiom Apple 480 K SNP array and perform multifamily-based QTL studies.Its collinearity with the genome sequences v1 and v3 are reported.To our knowledge,this is the shortest published SNP map in apple,while including the largest number of markers,families and individuals.This result validates our methodology,proving its value for the construction of integrated linkage maps for any outbreeding species. | Erica A Di Pierro Luca Gianfranceschi Mario Di Guardo Herma JJ Koehorst-van Putten Johannes W Kruisselbrink Sara Longhi Michela Troggio Luca Bianco Hélène Muranty Giulia Pagliarani Stefano Tartarini Thomas Letschka Lidia Lozano Luis Larisa Garkava-Gustavsson Diego Micheletti Marco CAM Bink Roeland E Voorrips Ebrahimi Aziz Riccardo Velasco François Laurens W Eric van de Weg | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Ultrasonographic Quantitative Estimation of Hepatic Steatosis in Children With NAFLD显示文摘 | Angela Shannon Naim Alkhouri Christine Carter-Kent Lidia Monti Rita Devito Rocio Lopez Ariel E. Feldstein Valerio Nobili | 2011 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2011，，2： | 3 |
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