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| 1 | Irritable bowel syndrome: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and evidence-based medicine显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a chronic and debilitating functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects9%-23%of the population across the world.The percentage of patients seeking health care related to IBS approaches 12%in primary care practices and is by far the largest subgroup seen in gastroenterology clinics.It has been well documented that these patients exhibit a poorer quality of life and utilize the health care system to a greater degree than patients without this diagnosis.The pathophysiology of IBS is not clear.Many theories have been put forward,but the exact cause of IBS is still uncertain.According to the updated ROMEⅢcriteria,IBS is a clinical diagnosis and presents as one of the three predominant subtypes:(1)IBS with constipation(IBS-C);(2)IBS with diarrhea(IBS-D);and(3)mixed IBS(IBS-M);former ROME definitions refer to IBS-M as alternating IBS(IBS-A).Across the IBS subtypes,the presentation of symptoms may vary among patients and change over time.Patients report the most distressing symptoms to be abdominal pain,straining,myalgias,urgency,bloating and feelings of serious illness.The complexity and diversity of IBS presentation makes treatment difficult.Although there are reviews and guidelines for treating IBS,they focus on the efficacy of medications for IBS symptoms usinghigh-priority endpoints,leaving those of lower priority largely unreported.Therefore,the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive evidence-based review of the diagnosis,pathogenesis and treatment to guide clinicians diagnosing and treating their patients. | Lekha Saha | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 65 |
| 2 | Anti - kindling Effect of Bezafibrate, a Peroxisome Proliferator- activated Receptors Alpha Ago- nist, in Pentylenetetrazule Induced Kindling Seizure Model 显示文摘 | Lekha Saha Swati Bhandari Alka Bhatia | 2014 | J Epi- lepsy Res2014，4，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma in gastric ulcer: An overview of experimental evidences显示文摘Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Three subtypes, PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, have been identifiedso far. PPARα is expressed in the liver, kidney, small intestine, heart, and muscle, where it activates the fatty acid catabolism and control lipoprotein assembly in response to long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, eicosanoids, and hypolipidemic drugs(e.g., fenofibrate). PPARβ/δ is more broadly expressed and is implicated in fatty acid oxidation, keratinocyte differentiation, wound healing, and macrophage response to very low density lipoprotein metabolism. This isoform has been implicated in transcriptional-repression functions and has been shown to repress the activity of PPARα or PPARγ target genes. PPARγ1 and γ2 are generated from a single-gene peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma by differential promoter usage and alternative splicing. PPARγ1 is expressed in colon, immune system(e.g., monocytes and macrophages), and other tissues where it participates in the modulation of inflammation, cell proliferation, and differentiation. PPARs regulate gene expression through distinct mechanisms: Liganddependent transactivation, ligand-independent repression, and ligand-dependent transrepression. Studies in animals have demonstrated the gastric antisecretory activity of PPARα agonists like ciprofibrate, bezafibrate and clofibrate. Study by Pathak et al also demonstrated the effect of PPARα agonist, bezafibrate, on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection in various gastric ulcer models in rats. The majority of the experimental studies is on pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, which are PPARγ activators. In all the studies, both the PPARγ activators showed protection against the gastric ulcer and also accelerate the ulcer healing in gastric ulcer model in rats. Therefore, PPARα and PPARγ may be a target for gastric ulcer therapy. Finally, more studies are also needed to confirm the involvement of PPARs α and γ in gastric ulcer. | Lekha Saha | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2015，6，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Liver injury induced by COVID 19 treatment–what do we know?显示文摘The severity of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)may be correlated with the risk of liver injury development.An increasing number of studies indicate that degrees of hepatotoxicity have been associated with using some medications in the management of COVID-19 patients.However,limited studies have systematically investigated the evidence of drug-induced liver injury(DILI)in COVID-19 patients.An increasing number of studies indicate that degrees of hepatotoxicity have been associated with using some of these medications in the management of COVID-19 patients.Significantly,it was relieved after the cessation of these agents.However,to our knowledge,no studies have systematically investigated the evidence of DILI in COVID-19 patients.In this review,we discussed the association between hepatotoxicity in COVID-19 patients and the drugs used in these patients and possible mechanisms of hepatotoxicity.The currently available evidence on the association of different therapeutic agents with hepatotoxicity in COVID-19 patient was systematically reviewed. | Lekha Saha Soumya Vij Kajal Rawat | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，45： | 1 |
| 5 | Modernising autism spectrum disorder model engineering and treatment via CRISPR-Cas9:A gene reprogramming approach显示文摘A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder(ASD)affects how a person perceives and interacts with others,leading to social interaction and communication issues.Limited and recurring behavioural patterns are another feature of the illness.Multiple mutations throughout development are the source of the neurodevelopmental disorder autism.However,a well-established model and perfect treatment for this spectrum disease has not been discovered.The rising era of the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system can streamline the complexity underlying the pathogenesis of ASD.The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genetic engineering tool used to edit the genome at the targeted site in a precise manner.The major hurdle in studying ASD is the lack of appropriate animal models presenting the complex symptoms of ASD.Therefore,CRISPR-Cas9 is being used worldwide to mimic the ASD-like pathology in various systems like in vitro cell lines,in vitro 3D organoid models and in vivo animal models.Apart from being used in establishing ASD models,CRISPR-Cas9 can also be used to treat the complexities of ASD.The aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyse the CRISPRCas9-mediated discoveries in the field of ASD. | Arushi Sandhu Anil Kumar Kajal Rawat Vipasha Gautam Antika Sharma Lekha Saha | 2023 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2023，11，14： | 0 |
| 6 | Role of statin on mortality outcome in pneumonia patients: A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To determine the role of statin on mortality outcome in patient with pneumonia.METHODS: For the present meta-analysis, we search the published literatures online through Pub Med, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Library databases and the search words used were 'statins' ', 'bacteraemia', 'pneumonia', and 'ICU infections'. During the online search our focus was on full text articles, peerreviewed, observational cohort or case control studies and randomized controlled trials. Those studies were selected whose outcome was hospital mortality among patients with pneumonia whether or not on statins. In this meta-analysis, 30 d mortality was used as the primary outcome as it has been demonstrated in the previous research that 30 d mortality is primarily because of community acquired pneumonia. As all studies were observational, where statin users were compared with historical rather than randomized controls, odds ratio for in-hospital or all-cause 30 d mortality was used as the primary effect measure used in the meta-analysis.RESULTS: We came across the total 25 studies comprising 35355 patients(2734 statin users and 32621 statin non-users) during the electronic search. Four studies out of 25 were included in the final analysis. In this meta-analysis, when data regarding the use of statin in pneumonia patients on mortality was pooled, its results showed the non-significant effect of the statin on mortality outcome.CONCLUSION: Although statins seems to be useful in the treatment of pneumonia patients but for statistical conclusion, further randomized controlled trials needs to be done or their results still waited to be published of ongoing trials, with the conclusion that presently statins showing no clinical benefit in the pneumonia patients. | Lekha Saha Narinder Kumar Pratibha Khosla Sharonjeet Kaur | 2014 | World Journal of Meta-Analysis2014，2，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer:A comprehensive review显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)affects 1 in 23 males and 1 in 25 females,making it the third most common cancer.With roughly 608000 deaths worldwide,CRC accounts for 8%of all cancer-related deaths,making it the second most common cause of death due to cancer.Standard and conventional CRC treatments include surgical expurgation for resectable CRC and radiotherapy,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and their combinational regimen for non-resectable CRC.Despite these tactics,nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring CRC.Cancer cells resist the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in a variety of ways,including drug inactivation,drug influx and efflux modifications,and ATPbinding cassette transporter overexpression.These constraints necessitate the development of new target-specific therapeutic strategies.Emerging therapeutic approaches,such as targeted immune boosting therapies,non-coding RNA-based therapies,probiotics,natural products,oncolytic viral therapies,and biomarkerdriven therapies,have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies.We tethered the entire evolutionary trends in the development of CRC treatments in this review and discussed the potential of new therapies and how they might be used in conjunction with conventional treatments as well as their advantages and drawbacks as future medicines. | Anil Kumar Vipasha Gautam Arushi Sandhu Kajal Rawat Antika Sharma Lekha Saha | 2023 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2023，15，4： | 0 |
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