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| 1 | Mental and physical symptoms associated with lower social support for patients with hepatitis C显示文摘AIM: To systematically examine the impact of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis on patients' level of social support in a large-scale study. METHODS: Patients evaluated and treated for HCV in a tertiary referral center were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Demographic data, functional and emotional status as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), severity of liver disease, mode of acquisition, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities were collected from patients or abstracted from the medical record. All participants completed a semi-structured interview, addressing questions of social support. RESULTS: A total of 342 patients (mean age 45.2 years; 37% women) were enrolled. Ninety-two (27%) patients described lower levels of support by family and friends. Nearly half of the participants (45%) noted the loss of at least one relationship due to the disease. Fears related to transmitting the disease (25%) were common and often associated with ignorance or even discrimination by others (19%). Nearly one fifth of the patients did not share information about their disease with others to avoid being stigmatized. Lower levels of social support were significantly associated with living alone, being unemployed, being excluded from antiviral therapy, having psychiatric comorbidities, contracting HCV through intravenous drug use, having high levels of anxiety and depression as measured by the HAD and negative mood state as measured by the SIP. Patients reporting lower levels of social support also noted more physical symptoms as measured by the SIP. CONCLUSION: Patients with hepatitis C often face significant social problems, ranging from social isolation to familial stress. The most common concerns reflect a limited insight of patients and their relatives and friends about the disease, the risk factors for its spread, and about potential consequences. Our data suggest that educational interventions targeting support persons and the stressors identified in our findings may lessen or alleviate the social strains patients with hepatitis C experience. | Julie A Blasiole Laura Shinkunas Douglas R LaBrecque Robert M Arnold Susan L Zickmund | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，29： | 5 |
| 2 | Two polymorphic variants of wild-type p53 differ biochemically and biologically显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Celt Bio11999，19，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Two polymorphic variants of wild-type p53 differ biochemically and biologically显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Two polymorphic variants of wild-type p53 differ biochemically and biologically显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，： | 1 |
| 5 | Two polymorphic variants of wild type P53 differ biochemically and biologically 显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Molecular and Cellular Biology1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Two polymorphic variants of wild-type p53 differ biochemically and biologically显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Bio1999，19，： | 1 |
| 7 | Prone positioning can be safely performed in critically ill infants and children显示文摘 | Fineman L D Labrecque M A Shih M C | 2006 | Pediatr Crit Care Med2006，7，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Two poly- morphic variants of wild - type p53 differ biochemically and hiologicall 显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Bio1999，19，： | 1 |
| 9 | Two polymorphic variants of wild-type p53 differ biochemically and biologically显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Optimizing the Mechanical Properties of Thin Wall Ductile Iron Castings 显示文摘 | Labrecque C Gagne M Javaid A | 2005 | AFS Transactions2005，113，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Two polymorphic variants of wild-type p53 difer biochemieally and biologically 显示文摘 | THOMAS M KALITA A LABRECQUE S | 1999 | Molecular and Cellular Biology1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Willow short-rotation coppice for treatment of polluted groundwater 显示文摘 | Nissim W G Voicu A Labrecque M | 2014 | Ecological Engineering2014，62，： | 1 |
| 13 | Two polymorphism variants of wild type p53 differ biochemically and biologically 显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Evaluation of three containers for the production of large hardwood species 显示文摘 | Cogliastro A Halle A Labrecque M | 1995 | The Forestry Chronicle1995，71，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Two polymoi-phic vari- ants of wild 2 type p53 differ biochemically and biologically 显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Two polymorphic variants of wild type p53differ biochemically and biologi-cally显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Duration of effect of loratadine and terfenadine administered once a day for one week on cutaneous and inhaled reactivity to histamine显示文摘 | Labrecque M Arderson W Nassir A | 1993 | Chest1993，103，： | 1 |
| 18 | Two polymor- phic variants of wild - type p53 differ biochemically and biologically 显示文摘 | Thomas M Kalita A Labrecque S | 1999 | Mol Cell Biol1999，19，2： | 1 |
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