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| 1 | 乳腺癌患者的心身症状与生活质量显示文摘目的:探讨乳腺癌患者抑郁、焦虑的心理症状与躯体症状之间的关系,心身症状与生活质量的关系以及心身症状和生活质量与患者所接受过的治疗和生存期的关系。方法:本研究采用横断面设计,对北京市315例符合入组标准的乳腺癌患者进行调查,所使用的调查工具包括病人健康问卷(PHQ-15)、病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)及癌症患者生命质量测定量表(QLQ-C30),并对255份有效数据进行了分析。结果:乳腺癌患者躯体症状的严重程度与抑郁、焦虑均呈正相关(r=0.44,0.56;均P<0.01);在重度躯体症状的患者中,抑郁的发生率为42.3%,焦虑的发生率为50%;抑郁、焦虑与乳腺癌患者总体健康状况相关(β=-0.22,-0.30;均P<0.01);接受化疗的患者其躯体症状和抑郁、焦虑得分高于未接受化疗的患者[(9.0±5.0)vs.(6.0±4.1),(8.3±6.0)vs.(4.0±3.5),(5.4±5.0)vs.(3.1±3.7);均P<0.01];生存期5年以上的乳腺癌患者只有焦虑分数低于5年以内的患者[(5.8±5.0)vs.(4.3±4.5),P<0.05],在躯体症状、抑郁和生活质量方面差异无统计学意义。结论:乳腺癌患者抑郁、焦虑的心理症状与其躯体症状和总体健康状况相关,接受化疗患者的心身症状和生活质量可能会更差一些,生存期5年以上的患者焦虑水平低于5年以内的患者,但躯体症状、抑郁以及生活质量与生存期的延长未见相关。 | 庞英 FISCHER Irmela KOCH Maike FRITZSCHE Kurt 唐丽丽 | 2013 | 中国心理卫生杂志2013，27，4： | 109 |
| 2 | Assessment of metastatic liver disease in patients with primary extrahepatic tumors by contrast-enhanced sonography versus CT and MRI显示文摘瞄准:与已知的额外的肝的原发性瘤对包括 CT, MRI 和临床 / 组织学的数据的联合标准答案在病人在肝转移的察觉用 SonoVue 评估提高对比的 ultrasonography (CEUS ) 。方法:它是一国际多集中学习,并且有 12 个中心和 125 个病人(64 男性, 61 女性,变老 59+/-11 年) 包含,与 102 个病人一起每协议。原发性瘤是在 35% 表面的颜色,在 27% 的胸,在 17% 胰腺并且其它在 21% 。用 SonoVue 的 CEUS 用西门子 Elegra, Philips HDI 5000 和 Acuson 红杉与一种 low-mechanical-index 技术和对比特定的软件被采用;为至少五分钟的连续扫描。结果:有 SonoVue 的 CEUS 显著地增加了检测的焦点的肝损害对 unenhanced sonography 的数字。在 31.4% 病人,更多的损害在对比改进以后被发现。检测的损害的全部的数字与 CEUS (55 ) 是可比较的,三倍阶段的螺线 CT (61 ) 和有一个肝特定的对比代理人(53 ) 的 MRI。变形疾病的察觉的精确性(即至少一变形损害) 比为 unenhanced sonography (81.4%) 为 CEUS (91.2%) 是显著地更高的并且类似于三倍阶段的螺线 CT (89.2%) 的。在其 CEUS 检查否定的 53 个病人,后续考试 3-6 瞬间以后在 50 个病人(94.4%) 证实了变形损害的缺席。结论:CEUS 被证明在在有已知的额外的肝的原发性瘤的病人的肝转移的察觉可靠并且怀疑肝损害。 | Christoph F Dietrich Wolfgang Kratzer Deike Strobel Etienne Danse Robert Fessl Alfred Bunk Udo Vossas Karlheinz Hauenstein Wilhelm Koch Wolfgang Blank Matthijs Oudkerk Dietbert Hahn Christian Greis | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，11： | 39 |
| 3 | Prevention of stress-related ulcer bleeding at the intensive care unit: Risks and benefits of stress ulcer prophylaxis显示文摘Stress-related mucosal disease is a typical complication of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit(ICU). It poses a risk of clinically relevant upper gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding. Therefore, stress ulcer prophylaxis(SUP)is recommended in high-risk patients, especially those mechanically ventilated > 48 h and those with a manifest coagulopathy. Proton pump inhibitors(PPI) and, less effectively, histamine 2 receptor antagonists(H2RA) prevent GI bleeding in critically ill patients in the ICU. However, the routine use of pharmacological SUP does not reduce overall mortality in ICU patients. Moreover, recent studies revealed that SUP in the ICU might be associated with potential harm such as an increased risk of infectious complications, especially nosocomial pneumonia and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Additionally, special populations such as patients with liver cirrhosis may even have an increased mortality rate if treated with PPI. Likewise, PPI can be toxic for both the liver and the bone marrow, and some PPI show clinically relevant interactions with important other drugs like clopidogrel. Therefore, the agent of choice, the specific balance of risks and benefits for individual patients as well as the possible dose of PPI has to be chosen carefully. Alternatives to PPI prophylaxis include H2 RA and/or sucralfate. Instead of routine SUP, further trials should investigate risk-adjusted algorithms, balancing benefits and threats of SUP medication in the ICU. | Lukas Buendgens Alexander Koch Frank Tacke | 2016 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2016，5，1： | 24 |
| 4 | A Survey of Unbalanced Flow Diagnostics and Their Application显示文摘This paper presents an extensive survey of the most commonly used tools for diagnosing unbalanced flow in the atmosphere, namely the Lagrangian Rossby number, Psi vector, divergence equation, nonlinear balance equation, generalized omega-equation, and departure from fields obtained by potential vorticity (PV) inversion. The basic thoery, assumptions as well as implementation and limitations for each of the tools are all discussed. These tools are applied to high-resolution mesoscale model data to assess the role of unbalanced dynamics in the generation of a mesoscale gravity wave event over the East Coast of the United States. Comparison of these tools in this case study shows that these various methods agree to a large extent with each other though they differ in details. | Fuqing Zhang Steven E. Koch Christopher A. Davis and Michael L. Kaplan | 2000 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2000，17，2： | 22 |
| 5 | Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients显示文摘AIM:To investigate the comparative effect of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in elderly patients.METHODS:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has induced a revolution in the treatment of gallbladder disease.Nevertheless,surgeons have been reluctant to implement the concepts of minimally invasive surgery in older patients.A systematic review of Medline was embarked on,up to June 2013.Studies which provided outcome data on patients aged 65 years or older,subjected to laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy were considered.Mortality,morbidity,cardiac and pulmonary complications were the outcome measures of treatment effect.The methodological quality of selected studies was appraised using valid assessment tools.Τhe random-effects model was applied to synthesize outcome data.RESULTS:Out of a total of 337 records,thirteen articles(2 randomized and 11 observational studies)reporting on the outcome of 101559 patients(48195in the laparoscopic and 53364 in the open treatment group,respectively)were identified.Odds ratios(OR)were constantly in favor of laparoscopic surgery,in terms of mortality(1.0%vs 4.4%,OR=0.24,95%CI:0.17-0.35,P<0.00001),morbidity(11.5%vs 21.3%,OR=0.44,95%CI:0.33-0.59,P<0.00001),cardiac(0.6%vs 1.2%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.38-0.80,P=0.002)and respiratory complications(2.8%vs 5.0%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.51-0.60,P<0.00001).Critical analysis of solid study data,demonstrated a trend towards improved outcomes for the laparoscopic concept,when adjusted for age and co-morbid diseases.CONCLUSION:Further high-quality evidence is necessary to draw definite conclusions,although bestavailable evidence supports the selective use of laparoscopy in this patient population. | Stavros A Antoniou George A Antoniou Oliver O Koch Rudolph Pointner Frank A Granderath | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 17 |
| 6 | Plant Surfaces:Structures and Functions for Biomimetic Innovations显示文摘An overview of plant surface structures and their evolution is presented. It combines surface chemistry and architecture with their functions and refers to possible biomimetic applications. Within some 3.5 billion years biological species evolved highly complex multifunctional surfaces for interacting with their environments: some 10 million living prototypes(i.e., estimated number of existing plants and animals) for engineers. The complexity of the hierarchical structures and their functionality in biological organisms surpasses all abiotic natural surfaces: even superhydrophobicity is restricted in nature to living organisms and was probably a key evolutionary step with the invasion of terrestrial habitats some 350–450 million years ago in plants and insects. Special attention should be paid to the fact that global environmental change implies a dramatic loss of species and with it the biological role models. Plants, the dominating group of organisms on our planet, are sessile organisms with large multifunctional surfaces and thus exhibit particular intriguing features.Superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity are focal points in this work. We estimate that superhydrophobic plant leaves(e.g., grasses) comprise in total an area of around 250 million km^2, which is about 50% of the total surface of our planet. A survey of structures and functions based on own examinations of almost 20,000 species is provided, for further references we refer to Barthlott et al.(Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 374: 20160191, 1). A basic difference exists between aquatic nonvascular and land-living vascular plants; the latter exhibit a particular intriguing surface chemistry and architecture. The diversity of features is described in detail according to their hierarchical structural order. The first underlying and essential feature is the polymer cuticle superimposed by epicuticular wax and the curvature of single cells up to complex multicellular structures. A descriptive terminology for this diversity is provided. Simplified, the functions of plant surface characteristics may be grouped into six categories:(1) mechanical properties,(2) influence on reflection and absorption of spectral radiation,(3) reduction of water loss or increase of water uptake, moisture harvesting,(4) adhesion and nonadhesion(lotus effect, insect trapping),(5) drag and turbulence increase, or(6) air retention under water for drag reduction or gas exchange(Salvinia effect). This list is far from complete. A short overview of the history of bionics and the impressive spectrum of existing and anticipated biomimetic applications are provided. The major challenge for engineers and materials scientists, the durability of the fragile nanocoatings, is also discussed. | Wilhelm Barthlott Matthias Mail Bharat Bhushan Kerstin Koch | 2017 | Nano-Micro Letters2017，9，2： | 16 |
| 7 | 白内障手术中植入散光型人工晶状体矫正角膜散光的效果评价显示文摘目的:评价白内障手术植入散光型人工晶状体(MS6116TU)的术后效果和人工晶状体轴位的稳定性。方法:对154眼进行回顾性总结分析。采用颞侧透明切口的白内障超声乳化法,植入折叠式散光型人工晶状体。术后向量分析借助双角图表,统计学处理采用T2检验。结果:主观验光的平均散光向量术前为1.51D×178°,术后为0.07D×121°。术后1d有11眼(7.1%)ToricIOL的轴向比预定方向偏差15°以上,随访中有12眼(7.8%)轴向偏离在15°以上;晶状体在囊袋内稳定性能好,本组未有二次手术再定位者。无论是高度(≥5D)或低度(≤2D)的散光晶状体均取得了预期的效果。结论:在白内障手术中植入散光人工晶状体矫正术前角膜的散光,临床效果准确、可靠,并有着较好的预测性,具有一定的推广前景。 | 党光福 S.C. Kulus H.R. Koch | 2007 | 国际眼科杂志2007，7，3： | 13 |
| 8 | 电力变压器介质响应的测量与分析(英文)显示文摘This paper discusses approaches to measure moisture in power transformers by analyzing the dielectric response of the main insulation. Dielectric diagnostic methods deduce moisture in the solid insulation from dielectric properties like polarisation depolarisation currents and dissipation factor vs. frequency. A new instrument 'Dirana' combines time domain (PDC) and frequency domain (FDS) measurements and thus substantially shortens the measurement duration. New software was developed which bases on a new data pool,measured at new and aged pressboard samples with various moisture contents and oil impregnation. Its analysis algorithm compares measurements from a transformer to modelled dielectric responses,obtained from the so-called XY-model. To avoid overestimation of moisture for aged transformers,the analysis algorithm compensates for the influence of conductive aging by-products. Moisture especially increases the losses in the low frequency range of the dielectric response of pressboard. Thus,data on the left-hand side of the area dominated by interfacial polarization (insulation geometry) are required for reliable moisture determination. Case studies illustrate the application of moisture determination by dielectric response methods. | M. Koch M. Krger | 2009 | 高电压技术2009，35，8： | 10 |
| 9 | 现代发动机润滑系统的开发显示文摘现代轿车发动机的额定转速设计得越来越高,有更多的内部零件(多气门发动机)需要润滑。介绍了按照各耗油部位由最重要影响参数决定的实际需油量减少实际供油量的研究开发结果。在这些成果的基础上,提出了将CAE辅助工具与实际试验数据相结合的优化策略。结论中的建议提出了实际润滑系统和通风系统设计以及降低功率消耗和润滑油消耗的优化潜力。 | Koch F Maassen F Geiger U 吴鹏 | 1999 | 国外内燃机1999，31，1： | 9 |
| 10 | Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have increased risk of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases显示文摘AIM To investigate whether immune mediated diseases(IMD) are more frequent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS In this population based registry study,a total of 47325 patients with IBD were alive and registered in the Danish National Patient Registry on December 16,2013. Controls were randomly selected from the Danish Civil Registration System(CRS) and matched for sex,age,and municipality. We used ICD 10 codes to identify the diagnoses of the included patients. The IBD population was divided into three subgroups: Ulcerative colitis(UC),Crohn's disease(CD) and Both the latter referring to those registered with both diagnoses. Subsequently,odds-ratios(OR) and 95%CI were obtained separately for each group and their respective controls. The use of Bonferoni post-test correction adjusted the significance level to P < 0.00125. P-values were estimated using Fisher's exact test.RESULTS There were significantly more women than men in the registry,and a greater percentage of comorbidity in the IBD groups(P < 0.05). Twenty different IMDs were all significantly more frequent in the IBD group. Sixteen were associated with UC versus twelve with CD. In both UC and CD ORs were significantly increased(P < 0.00125) for primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC),celiac disease,type 1 diabetes(T1D),sarcoidosis,asthma,iridocyclitis,psoriasis,pyoderma gangrenosum,rheumatoid arthritis,and ankylosing spondylitis. Restricted to UC(P < 0.00125) were autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,Grave's disease,polymyalgia rheumatica,temporal arteritis,and atrophic gastritis. Restricted to CD(P < 0.00125) were psoriatic arthritis and episcleritis. Restricted to women with UC(P < 0.00125) were atrophic gastritis,rheumatoid arthritis,temporal arteritis,and polymyalgia rheumatica. Restricted to women with CD were episcleritis,rheumatoid arthritis,and psoriatic arthritis. The only disease restricted to men(P < 0.00125) was sarcoidosis. CONCLUSION Immune mediated diseases were significantly more frequent in patients with IBD. Our results strengthen the hypothesis that some IMDs and IBD may have overlapping pathogenic pathways. | Morten L Halling Jens Kjeldsen Torben Knudsen Jan Nielsen Lars Koch Hansen | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，33： | 9 |
| 11 | Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir, China: A holistic assessment of organic pollution, mutagenic effects of sediments and genotoxic impacts on fish显示文摘Besides obvious benefits,the Three Gorges Dam's construction resulted in new pollution scenarios with the potentials to threaten the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) ecosystem.In order to record organic contamination,to find links to ecotoxicological impacts and to serve as reference for ensuing monitoring,several sites in the TGR area were screened applying the triad approach with additional lines-of-evidence as a holistic assessment method.Sediments and the benthic fish species Pelteobagrus vachellii were sampled in 2011 and 2012 to determine organic pollution levels,mutagenic potentials and genotoxic impacts.Two regional hot-spots near the cities of Chongqing and Kaixian were identified and further investigated in 2013.Only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) could be detected in sediments in 2011(165–1653 ng/g),emphasizing their roles as key pollutants of the area.Their ubiquity was confirmed at Chongqing(150–433 ng/g) and Kaixian(127–590 ng/g) in2013.Concentrations were comparable to other major Chinese and German rivers.However,the immense sediment influx suggested a deposition of 216–636 kg PAH/day(0.2–0.6 mg PAH/(m2·day)),indicating an ecotoxicological risk.PAH source analysis highlighted primary impacts of combustion sources on the more industrialized upper TGR section,whereas petrogenic sources dominated the mid-low section.Furthermore,sediment extracts from several sites exhibited significant activities of frameshift promutagens in the Ames fluctuation assay.Additionally,significant genotoxic impairments in erythrocytes of P.vachellii were detected(Chongqing/Kaixian),demonstrating the relevance of genotoxicity as animportant mode of action in the TGR's fish.PAHs,their derivatives and non-target compounds are considered as main causative agents. | Tilman Floehr Bj?rn Scholz-Starke Hongxia Xiao Josef Koch Lingling Wu Junli Hou Anja Wolf Axel Bergmann Kerstin Bluhm Xingzhong Yuan Martina Ro?-Nickoll Andreas Sch?ffer Henner Hollert | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，12： | 9 |
| 12 | Vessel density in OCT angiography permits differentiation between normal and glaucomatous optic nerve heads显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) can detect altered vessel density(VD) at the optic nerve head(ONH) in glaucoma patients.Special attention is paid to the accuracy of the OCTA technique for distinguishing healthy from glaucomatous eyes.METHODS:A total of 171 eyes were examined by the OCTA system Angio Vue^(TM)(Optovue):97 eyes diagnosed with glaucoma and 74 healthy control eyes.The papillary and peripapillary VD was measured.Furthermore,the VD was correlated with different structural and functional measurements.In order to test the accuracy of differentiation between eyes with and without glaucoma,we calculated the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) and the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS:The papillary and peripapillary VD in glaucomatous eyes was significantly lower than in healthy eyes(P<0.05).The VD of the nasal peripapillary sector was significantly lower than in the other sectors.The further the disease had progressed [measured by determining the thickness of the ganglion cell complex(GCC) and the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)] the greater the VD reduction.The AUC discriminated well between glaucomatous and normal eyes(consensus classifier 94.2%).CONCLUSION:OCTA allows non-invasive quantification of the peripapillary and papillary VD,which is significantly reduced in glaucomatous eyes and accurately distinguishes between healthy and diseased eyes.OCTA expands the spectrum of procedures for detecting and monitoring glaucoma. | Claudia Lommatzsch Kai Rothaus Joerg Michael Koch Carsten Heinz Swaantje Grisanti | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，5： | 9 |
| 13 | High-aspect 3D two-photon polymerization structuring with widened objective working range (WOW-2PP)显示文摘We developed a novel two-photon polymerization(2PP)configuration for fabrication of high-aspect three-dimensional(3D)structures,with an overall height larger than working distance of the microscope objective used for laser beam focusing into a photosensitive material.This method is based on a modified optical 2PP setup,where a microscope objective(1003 high N.A.),immersion oil and cover glass can be moved together into the photosensitive material,resulting in an effective higher and wider objective working range(WOW-2PP).The proposed technique enables the fabrication of high-aspect structures with sub-micrometer process resolution.3D structures with a height of 7 mm are demonstrated,which could hardly be built with the conventional 2PP set-up due to refractive index mismatch and laser beam disturbances. | Kotaro Obata Ayman El-Tamer Lothar Koch Ulf Hinze Boris N Chichkov | 2013 | Light(Science & Applications)2013，2，1： | 7 |
| 14 | Durable, superhydrophobic, antireflection, and low haze glass surfaces using scalable metal dewetting nanostructuring显示文摘在这份报纸,我们在第一次,联合的玻璃上报导多功能的 nanostructured 表面大量光,弄湿并且耐久性性质,包括的低全向的反射率,低薄雾,高传播, superhydrophobicity, oleophobicity,和高度机械抵抗。Nanostructures 被反应离子通过 nanomask 蚀刻在玻璃表面上制作了,它被 dewetting ultrathin 金属电影形成(< 10 nm 厚度) 使遭到了到快速的热退火(RTA ) 。nanostructures 强烈减少起始的表面反射率(4%) ,当在低价值保留薄雾时,在 390800 nm 波长变化到不到 0.4%(<0.9%) 。相应的水接触角度(c ) 是 24.5 敶愠朠晩吗?? | Daniel Infante Karl W. Koch Prantik Mazumder Lili Tian Albert Carrilero Domenico Tullit David Baker Valerio Pruneri | 2013 | Nano Research2013，6，6： | 6 |
| 15 | 过程导向的专业化训练——职业教育的范式转变显示文摘职业教育的参与者似乎都有着这样一种体会:为应对人类工作不断变化的挑战,职业教育一直在寻找着新的答案。然而,对这种变化的描述是如此的众说纷纭,职业教育所给出的回答也是各不相同。本文旨在促进对现时职业教育多样化发展的共同理解和表述,而不企求一致接受对该现象的阐释和有关理论。与此相反,正是对立而尽可能清楚的立场造成了讨论的丰富成果。 | Koch Johnnes Meerten Egon 刘邦祥(译) | 2006 | 中国职业技术教育2006，22，31： | 6 |
| 16 | Uptake and transformation of arsenic during the reproductive life stage of Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus campestris显示文摘Fruiting bodies from the Agaricus genus have been found to contain non-toxic arsenobetaine(AB) as a major compound. It is unknown whether AB is formed during the vegetative or reproductive life stages of the fungus, or by the surrounding microbial community, but AB's structural similarity to glycine betaine has led to the hypothesis that AB may be adventitiously accumulated as an osmolyte. To investigate the potential formation of AB during the reproductive life stage of Agaricus species, growth substrate and fungi were collected during the commercial growth of Agaricus bisporus and analyzed for arsenic speciation using HPLC-ICP-MS. AB was found to be the major arsenic compound in the fungus at the earliest growth stage of fruiting(the primordium). The growth substrate mainly contained arsenate(As(V)). The distribution of arsenic in an A. bisporus primordium grown on As(V) treated substrate, and in a mature Agaricus campestris fruiting body collected from arsenic contaminated mine tailings, was mapped using two dimensional XAS imaging. The primordium and stalk of the mature fruiting body were both found to be growing around pockets of substrate material containing higher As concentrations, and AB was found exclusively in the fungal tissues. In the mature A. campestris the highest proportion of AB was found in the cap, supporting the AB as an osmolyte hypothesis. The results have allowed us to pinpoint the fungus life stage at which AB formation takes place,namely reproduction, which provides a direction for further research. | Michelle M.Nearing Iris Koch Kenneth J.Reimer | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，11： | 5 |
| 17 | Effects of supplementation of green tea extract on the milk performance of peripartal dairy cows and the expression of stress response genes in the liver显示文摘Background: We hypothesised that supplementation of green tea extract(GTE) in dairy cows during the transition period can attenuate proinflammatory conditions and prevent endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress in the liver of these cows. Thirty Holstein cows with an average parity of 3.06(± 1.31, SD) were divided into a control group and a group that received a daily amount of 10 g of GTE from d 7 before the calving day and a daily amount of 20 g of GTE from the day of calving until d 7 of lactation.Results: Cows supplemented with GTE did not show differences in energy intake or milk yield in weeks 2–7 of lactation. However, these cows had a lower milk fat concentration and a lower energy corrected milk yield than the control cows and showed a trend of improved energy balance. The relative m RNA concentrations of proinflammatory genes, genes involved in the acute phase reaction and antioxidant genes in the liver in weeks 1, 4 and 7 of lactation were not different between the two groups of cows. The concentrations of α-tocopherol and the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity in plasma were not different between the two groups. However, the group supplemented with GTE showed significant reductions of some genes of the unfolded protein response(UPR) in week 1 and a trend of lower liver triacylglycerol(TAG) concentrations in the liver compared to the control group.Conclusions: This study shows that supplementation of GTE in dairy cows lowers the fat concentration in the milk but overall has no effect on the expression of inflammatory genes and the antioxidative status in dairy cows during early lactation. The finding of reduced m RNA levels of genes involved in the UPR at week 1, however, supports other results showing that supplementation of polyphenols could prevent the development of ER stress in the liver of cows during early lactation. The finding of a tendency towards a reduced TAG concentration in the liver of cows supplemented with GTE might be due to an improved energy balance in these cows. | Denise K.Gessner Corinna Brock Lena M.Hof Erika Most Christian Koch Klaus Eder | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，4： | 5 |
| 18 | 过程导向的职业教育意味着什么?显示文摘为了促进职业教育更好地适应企业的需要、促进技术和组织结构的迅速更新,新颁布的《职业教育条例》提出了“针对过程”开展职业教育的要求。从此,《职业教育条例》只描述相关企业所共有的任务,而具体的教育内容则由职业教育企业自行确定。本文阐述了“过程针对性”对开展职业教育的影响,提出了相关人员的新型任务和专门化训练的需求。 | Anke Bahl Johannes Koch Egon Meerten Gert Zinke 刘邦祥(译) | 2006 | 中国职业技术教育2006，22，34： | 5 |
| 19 | Arterial Resection During Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis显示文摘 | Nathan Mollberg Nuh N. Rahbari Moritz Koch Werner Hartwig Yumiko Hoeger Markus W. Büchler Jürgen Weitz | 2011 | Annals of Surgery2011，，6： | 5 |
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