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| 1 | Review of the impact of heat stress on reproductive performance of sheep显示文摘Heat stress significantly impairs reproduction of sheep,and under current climatic conditions is a significant risk to the efficiency of the meat and wool production,with the impact increasing as global temperatures rise.Evidence from field studies and studies conducted using environmental chambers demonstrate the effects of hot temperatures(≥32℃)on components of ewe fertility(oestrus,fertilisation,embryo survival and lambing)are most destructive when experienced from 5 d before until 5 d after oestrus.Temperature controlled studies also demonstrate that ram fertility,as measured by rates of fertilisation and embryo survival,is reduced when mating occurs during the period 14 to 50 d post-heating.However,the contribution of the ram to heat induced reductions in flock fertility is difficult to determine accurately.Based primarily on temperature controlled studies,it is clear that sustained exposure to high temperatures(≥32℃)during pregnancy reduces lamb birthweight and will,therefore,decrease lamb survival under field conditions.It is concluded that both ewe and ram reproduction is affected by relatively modest levels of heat stress(≥32℃)and this is a concern given that a significant proportion of the global sheep population experiences heat stress of this magnitude around mating and during pregnancy.Despite this,strategies to limit the impacts of the climate on the homeothermy,behaviour,resource use and reproduction of extensively grazed sheep are limited,and there is an urgency to improve knowledge and to develop husbandry practices to limit these impacts. | William H.E.J.van Wettere Karen L.Kind Kathryn L.Gatford Alyce M.Swinbourne Stephan T.Leu Peter T.Hayman Jennifer M.Kelly Alice C.Weaver David O.Kleemann Simon K.Walker | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，3： | 6 |
| 2 | Variation in the matrix metalloproteinase‐3, ‐7, ‐12 and ‐13 genes is associated with functional status in rheumatoid arthritis显示文摘 | S.Ye N.Patodi K.Walker‐Bone I.Reading C.Cooper E.Dennison | 2007 | International Journal of Immunogenetics2007，，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Transcription of antifreeze protein genes in Choristoneura fumiferana显示文摘 | W.Qin D.Doucet M. G.Tyshenko V. K.Walker | 2007 | Insect Molecular Biology2007，，4： | 1 |
| 4 | 查看详情显示文摘 | K.Walker | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Contributions of Anopheles larval control to malaria suppression in tropical Africa: review of achievements and potential显示文摘 | K.WALKER M.LYNCH | 2007 | Medical and Veterinary Entomology2007，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | 查看详情显示文摘 | M.Freedman M.B.Hastings C.Nayak X.-L.Qi K.Walker and Z.Wang | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 7 | 查看详情显示文摘 | M.Freedman A.Kitaev C.Nayak J.Slingerland K.Walker Z.Wang | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Improving transfusion safety: implementation of a comprehensive computerized bar code–based tracking system for detecting and preventing errors显示文摘 | R.W.Askeland S.McGrane J.S.Levitt S.K.Dane D.L.Greene J.A.VandeBerg K.Walker A.Porcella L.A.Herwaldt L.T.Carmen J.D.Kemp | 2008 | Transfusion2008，，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Impaired glymphatic function in the early stages of disease in a TDP-43 mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis显示文摘Background: Multiple lines of evidence suggest possible impairment of the glymphatic system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To investigate this, we used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess glymphatic func-tion early in the course of disease in a transgenic mouse with doxycycline (Dox)-controlled expression of cytoplasmic human TDP-43 (hTDP-43ΔNLS), mimicking the key pathology implicated in ALS. Methods: Adult TDP-43 transgenic and littermate monogenic control mice underwent longitudinal multimodal MRI one and three weeks after the cessation of Dox feed, together with weekly rotarod assessments of motor per-formance. Glymphatic function was assessed using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to track the clearance of an MR contrast agent injected into the cisterna magna. Results: Compared to their littermate controls, TDP-43 mice exhibited progressive neurodegeneration including that within the primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex and corticospinal tract, significant weight loss includ-ing gastrocnemius atrophy, and shortened telomere length. Furthermore, in the presence of this ALS-like phenotype, these mice have significantly disrupted glymphatic function. Conclusions: Although the relationship between glymphatic clearance and ALS disease progression remains to be elucidated, these changes occurred very early in the disease course. This provides initial evidence to suggest that the glymphatic system might be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of ALS. | Akram Zamani Adam K.Walker Ben Rollo Katie L.Ayers Raysha Farah Terence J.O’Brien David K.Wright | 2022 | Translational Neurodegeneration2022，11，1： | 0 |
| 10 | Neonatal lamb mortality:major risk factors and the potential ameliorative role of melatonin显示文摘High incidences of pre-weaning mortality continue to limit global sheep production,constituting a major economic and welfare concern.Despite significant advances in genetics,nutrition,and management,the proportion of lamb deaths has remained stable at 15–20%over the past four decades.There is mounting evidence that melatonin can improve outcomes in compromised ovine pregnancies via enhanced uterine bloodflow and neonatal neuroprotection.This review provides an overview of the major risk factors and underlying mechanisms involved in perinatal lamb mortality and discusses the potential of melatonin treatment as a remedial strategy.Supplementing pregnant ewes with melatonin enhances uterine bloodflow and fetal oxygenation,and potentially birthweight and neonatal thermogenic capacity.Melatonin freely crosses the ovine placenta and blood-brain barrier and provides neuroprotection to the fetal lamb during periods of chronic and acute hypoxia throughout gestation,with improved behavioural outcomes in hypoxic neonates.The current literature provides strong evidence that maternal melatonin treatment improves outcomes for lambs which experience compromised in utero development or prolonged parturition,though to date this has not been investigated in livestock production systems.As such there is a clear basis for continued research into the effects of maternal melatonin supplementation during gestation on pre-weaning survival under extensive production conditions. | Tom Flinn David O.Kleemann Alyce M.Swinbourne Jennifer M.Kelly Alice C.Weaver Simon K.Walker Kathryn L.Gatford Karen L.Kind William H.E.J.van Wettere | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，2： | 0 |
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