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| 1 | Urban expansion in China and its effect on cultivated land before and after initiating'Reform and Open Policy'显示文摘Urbanization in China has expanded at an unprecedented speed since the declaration of 'Reform and Open Policy'and presented many challenges. Unbalanced regional development, appearance of super megacities and concomitant problems,and conflicts between urbanization and cultivated land protection are three critical problems that Chinese urbanization has to face. To develop new plans for foreseeable future urbanization in China, it is critical to understand the evolving history of cities across China. This study maps urban expansion of 60 typical Chinese cities based on large amount of remote sensing data and the labor-intensive image interpretation method, in order to understand the history of urban expansion from the 1970 s to 2013.Results showed that area of cities expanded 5.23 times compared to their area in the 1970 s. Urban expansion in China accelerated three times(1988–1996, 1999–2006, and 2009–2011) and decelerated three times(1997–1998, 2007–2008, and 2012–2013) over the 40 years. The urban area of South China expanded most significantly 9.42 times, while the urban area in Northeast China expanded only 2.37 times. The disparity among different administrative ranks of cities was even greater than(3.81 times) the differences among different regions. Super megacities have been continuously expanding at a fast rate(8.60-fold), and have not shown obvious signs of slowing down. The proportion of cultivated land among the land sources for urban expansion decreased to a small extent in the 1990 s, but cultivated land continues to be the major land source for urban expansion. Effective future urbanization needs controlling the expansion scale of large cities and reasonably developing medium and small cities, as well as balancing regional development. | ZHANG ZengXiang WEN QingKe LIU Fang ZHAO XiaoLi LIU Bin XU JinYong YI Ling HU ShunGuang WANG Xiao ZUO LiJun LI Na LI MinMin SHI LiFeng ZENG Tian JU HongRun | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，10： | 12 |
| 2 | Enhancing transboundary natural tourism resources governance:unveiling the spatial pattern and its influencing factors显示文摘Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent challenges.This study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensive database of transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR)through amalgamation of diverse data sources.Utilizing the Getis-Ord Gi^(*),kernel density estimation,and geographical detectors,we scrutinize the spatial patterns of TNTR,focusing on both named and unnamed entities,while exploring the influencing factors.Our findings reveal 7883 identified TNTR in China,with mountain tourism resources emerging as the predominant type.Among provinces,Hunan boasts the highest count,while Shanghai exhibits the lowest.Southern China demonstrates a pronounced clustering trend in TNTR distribution,with the spatial arrangement of biological landscapes appearing more random compared to geological and water landscapes.Western China,characterized by intricate terrain,exhibits fewer TNTR,concurrently unveiling a significant presence of unnamed natural tourism resources.Crucially,administrative segmentation influences TNTR development,generating disparities in regional goals,developmental stages and intensities,and management approaches.In response to these variations,we advocate for strengthening the naming of the unnamed transboundary tourism resources,constructing a geographic database of TNTR for government and establishing a collaborative management mechanism based on TNTR database.Our research contributes to elucidating the intricate landscape of TNTR,offering insights for tailored governance strategies in the realm of cross-provincial tourism resource management. | ZHANG Shengrui ZHANG Tongyan JU Hongrun WANG Yingjie | 2024 | Journal of Mountain Science2024，21，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Spatial Patterns of Irrigation Water Withdrawals in China and Implications for Water Saving显示文摘By considering numerical features, spatial variation, and spatial association, the spatial patterns of China's irrigation water withdrawals in 2001 and 2010 were explored at the regional, provincial, and prefectural scales. In addition, an overlay analysis was used to develop specific water-saving guidance for areas under different levels of water stress and with different degrees of irrigation water withdrawals. It was found that at the regional scale, irrigation water withdrawals were highest in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River region in both years, while at the provincial scale, the largest irrigation water withdrawals occurred in Xinjiang. During 2001–2010, the total of irrigation water withdrawals decreased; however, in the Northeast region, especially in Heilongjiang Province, it experienced a dramatic increase. The spatial variation was largest at the prefectural scale, with an apparent effect. The spatial association was globally negative at the provincial scale, and Xinjiang was the only significant high-low outlier. In contrast, the association displayed a significant positive relationship at the prefectural scale, and several clusters and outliers were detected. Finally, it was found that the water stress in the northern part of China worsened and water-saving irrigation techniques urgently need to be applied in the Northeast region, the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain region, and Gansu-Xinjiang region. This study verified that a multi-scale and aspect analysis of the spatial patterns of irrigation water withdrawals were essential and provided water-saving advice for different areas. | JU Hongrun ZHANG Zengxiang WEN Qingke WANG Jiao ZHONG Lijin ZUO Lijun | 2017 | Chinese Geographical Science2017，27，3： | 0 |
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