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| 1 | Spatiotemporal precipitation variations in the arid Central Asia in the context of global warming显示文摘This study analyzed the temporal precipitation variations in the arid Central Asia (ACA) and their regional differences during 1930-2009 using monthly gridded precipitation from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU). Our results showed that the annual precipitation in this westerly circulation dominated arid region is generally increasing during the past 80 years, with an apparent increasing trend (0.7 mm/10 a) in winter. The precipitation variations in ACA also differ regionally, which can be divided into five distinct subregions (I West Kazakhstan region, II East Kazakhstan region, III Central Asia Plains region, IV Kyrgyzstan region, and V Iran Plateau region). The annual precipitation falls fairly even on all seasons in the two northern subregions (regions I and II, approximately north of 45°N), whereas the annual precipitation is falling mainly on winter and spring (accounting for up to 80% of the annual total precipitation) in the three southern subregions. The annual precipitation is increasing on all subregions except the southwestern ACA (subregion V) during the past 80 years. A significant increase in precipitation appeared in subregions I and III. The long-term trends in annual precipitation in all subregions are determined mainly by trends in winter precipitation. Additionally, the precipitation in ACA has significant interannual variations. The 2-3-year cycle is identified in all subregions, while the 5-6-year cycle is also found in the three southern subregions. Besides the inter-annual variations, there were 3-4 episodic precipitation variations in all subregions, with the latest episodic change that started in the midto late 1970s. The precipitations in most of the study regions are fast increasing since the late 1970s. Overall, the responses of ACA precipitation to global warming are complicated. The variations of westerly circulation are likely the major factors that influence the precipitation variations in the study region. | CHEN FaHu HUANG Wei JIN LiYa CHEN JianHui WANG JinSong | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，12： | 64 |
| 2 | Assessment of heavy metal pollution characteristics and human health risk of exposure to ambient PM_(2.5) in Tianjin,China显示文摘To examine the features of heavy metal pollution of PM_(2.5)(particulate matter less than 2.5 μm) in Tianjin,China,as well as the exposure risk of PM_(2.5) to human health,we analyzed ambient PM_(2.5) samples collected from a campus of Nankai University in June,August,and October 2012.The concentrations of PM_(2.5) and heavy metals(Ni,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd,Hg,As and Mn) in PM2.5 were analyzed by gravimetric analysis and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry,respectively.The results show that the heavy metals contained in PM_(2.5) were,in descending order,Cu,Zn,Pb,Mn,Cr,Ni,Cd,As,and Hg.The proportion of Cd exceeded the secondary level of National Ambient Air Quality Standard of China(GB 3095-2012) by 1.3times,while others were within the limit.Enrichment factor analysis indicated that Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,and Hg are mainly from anthropogenic sources.Principal component analysis indicated that the main sources of the heavy metals are vehicle exhaust,chemical waste,and coal-burning activities.The nine heavy metals which may cause health issues by exposure through the human respiratory system and should be further examined are Cr,Cd,As,Ni,Cu,Pb,Mn,Zn,and Hg,in the order of decreasing risk levels.With reference to the U.S.EPA standard the risk levels of all nine metals were below the acceptable level(10^(-6)/year). | Peifei Chen Xiaohui Bi Jiaqi Zhang Jianhui Wu Yinchang Feng | 2015 | Particuology2015，13，3： | 43 |
| 3 | Using geoaccumulation index to study source profiles of soil dust in China显示文摘TSP (有空气动力学的 diameters<=100 亩 m 的大气的微粒事) 和 PM10 (有空气动力学的 diameters<=10 亩 m 的大气的微粒事) 的来源分配研究表明了土壤灰尘是在中国的这些微粒的重要来源。在这研究,土壤灰尘的污染通过一个 geoaccumulation 索引(I_(geo )) 的使用被估计。 17 个元素的集体集中侧面( Na , Mg ,艾尔, K , Ca , Ti , V , Cr , Mn , Fe ,公司, Ni , Cu , Zn , Br , Ba ,并且 Pb )被建立因为来自 15 个城市的土壤的城市的土壤 dusts.Geochemical 作文被用来代表背景城市的土壤作文。这研究的结果显示很多个城市被在两尺寸部分(TSP 和 PM10 ) 包含 Ca, Cr, Ni,和 Cu 的微粒严重地弄脏。有 Zn, Pb,公司,和 Br 的污染对中等严重(I_(geo )>2 ) 。艾尔和 Fe 集中不足够高让他们被认为沾染物。 | JI Yaqin FENG Yinchang WU Jianhui ZHU Tan BAI Zhipeng DUAN Chiqing | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，5： | 35 |
| 4 | Mlkl knockout mice demonstrate the indispensable role of Mlkl in necroptosis显示文摘像域的蛋白质(Mlkl ) 最近被发现与受体交往交往的混合的系 kinase 蛋白质 3 (Rip3 ) 并且导致的坏死因素(TNF ) 在有教养的房间线规划了坏死(necroptosis ) 为肿瘤必要。我们由抄写产生了 Mlkl 缺乏的老鼠像使活跃之物的受动器核酸酶(TALEN ) 调停了基因混乱和发现 Mlkl 到为象有免疫力的房间开发一样的正常老鼠开发非必需。胚胎的成纤维细胞(MEF ) 和巨噬细胞两个都显示出的 Mlkl 缺乏的老鼠抵抗到坏死然而并非 apoptotic 刺激。Mlkl 缺乏的 MEF 和巨噬细胞与处于他们激活 NF-κ 的能力的野类型的房间难区分;响应 TNF 和 lipopolysaccharides (LPS ) 的 B,英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵, JNK,和 p38 分别地。一致地, Mlkl 缺乏的巨噬细胞和老鼠展出了正常 interleukin-1β(IL-1β) ,在 LPS 处理以后的 IL-6,和 TNF 生产。Mlkl 缺乏保护老鼠免受导致天蓝色的尖锐胰腺炎的伤害,坏死相关的疾病,但是没在 polymicrobial 上有效果腐败导致吃惊的动物死亡。我们的结果在 necroptosis 为 Mlkl 的角色提供基因证据。 | Jianfeng Wu Zhe Huang Junming Ren Zhirong Zhang Peng He Yangxin Li Jianhui Ma Wanze Chen Yingying Zhang Xiaojuan Zhou Zhentao Yang Su-Qin Wu Lanfen Chen Jiahuai Han | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，8： | 35 |
| 5 | SlMYB75,an MYB-type transcription factor,promotes anthocyanin accumulation and enhances volatile aroma production in tomato fruits显示文摘Genetic manipulation of genes to upregulate specific branches of metabolic pathways is a method that is commonly used to improve fruit quality.However,the use of a single gene to impact several metabolic pathways is difficult.Here,we show that overexpression of the single gene SlMYB75(SlMYB75-OE)is effective at improving multiple fruit quality traits.In these engineered fruits,the anthocyanin content reached 1.86mg g−1 fresh weight at the red-ripe stage,and these SlMYB75-OE tomatoes displayed a series of physiological changes,including delayed ripening and increased ethylene production.In addition to anthocyanin,the total contents of phenolics,flavonoids and soluble solids in SlMYB75-OE fruits were enhanced by 2.6,4,and 1.2 times,respectively,compared to those of wild-type(WT)fruits.Interestingly,a number of aroma volatiles,such as aldehyde,phenylpropanoid-derived and terpene volatiles,were significantly increased in SlMYB75-OE fruits,with some terpene volatiles showing more than 10 times higher levels than those in WT fruits.Consistent with the metabolic assessment,transcriptomic profiling indicated that the genes involved in the ethylene signaling,phenylpropanoid and isoprenoid pathways were greatly upregulated in SlMYB75-OE fruits.Yeast one-hybrid and transactivation assays revealed that SlMYB75 is able to directly bind to the MYBPLANT and MYBPZM cis-regulatory elements and to activate the promoters of the LOXC,AADC2 and TPS genes.The identification of SlMYB75 as a key regulator of fruit quality attributes through the transcriptional regulation of downstream genes involved in several metabolic pathways opens new avenues towards engineering fruits with a higher sensory and nutritional quality. | Wei Jian Haohao Cao Shu Yuan Yudong Liu Juanfang Lu Wang Lu Ning Li Jianhui Wang Jian Zou Ning Tang Chan Xu Yulin Cheng Yanqiang Gao Wanpeng Xi Mondher Bouzayen Zhengguo Li | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 39 |
| 6 | Prognostic value of systemic immune.inflammation index in patients with gastric cancer显示文摘Background:Inflammation-based indexes have been used to predict survival and recurrence in cancer patients.Systemic immune-inflammation index(Sll) was reported to be associated with prognosis in some malignant tumors.In the present study,we aimed to explore the association between Sll and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from 444 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 1994 and December 2005.Preoperative Sll was calculated.The Chi square test or Fisher's exact test was used to determine the relationship between preoperative Sll and clinicopathologic characteristics.Overall survival(OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the effect of Sll on OS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to compare the predictive ability of Sll,NLR,and PLR.Results:Sll equal to or higher than 660 was significantly associated with old age,large tumor size,unfavorable Borrmann classification,advanced tumor invasion,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,advanced TNM stage,and high carcino-embryonic antigen level,high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and high platelet-lymphocyte ratio(all P<0.05).High Sll was significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis(P<0.001) and Sll was an independent predictor for OS(P=0.015).Subgroups analysis further showed significant associations between high Sll and short OS in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ subgroups(all P<0.05).Sll was superior to NLR and PLR for predicting OS in patients with gastric cancer.Conclusion:Preoperative Sll level is an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with gastric cancer. | Kang Wang Feiyu Diao Zhijun Ye Xinhua Zhang Ertao Zhai Hui Ren Tong Li Hui Wu Yulong He Shirong Cai Jianhui Chen | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2017，36，9： | 30 |
| 7 | Late Miocene Red River submarine fan,northwestern South China Sea显示文摘A huge submarine fan is discovered through the research of the seismic and borehole data in the binding site of Yinggehai basin and Qiongdongnan basin in northwestern South China Sea.The fan,mainly formed during Late Miocene (Huangliu period) has an area over 10000 km 2 and maximum thickness of over 2000 m.It is characterized by a wedge-shaped oblique progradation configuration on the dip profile and a hummocky bidirectional progradation configuration on the strike profile.The core and Logging data from the well YC35-1-2 located in the front side of the fan indicate that sandy gravity flow deposits are predominant in lower Huangliu Formation and change to interbeds of sand and mud in upper Huangliu Formation.The fan is interpreted as a sand/mud-rich submarine fan in combination with the bathyal geological background of Huangliu period.A preliminary analysis of provenance indicates that neither the Guiren Uplift in the west nor the Hainan Uplift in the north can serve as the major provenance for the submarine fan.The provenance is considered to be from the Red River,based on the sedimentary facies study of the Huangliu Formation in Yinggehai basin.The fan is thus named as 'Red River submarine fan'.The Red River depositional system consists of the Red River submarine fan,the Red River delta,and associated submarine canyons.The discovery of the Red River submarine fan provides important information for the research of the uplift of Tibetan Plateau and the evolvement of Red River Fault Zone.Furthermore,it also points out a new direction for the deepwater hydrocarbon exploration in the northern South China Sea. | WANG YingMin XU Qiang LI Dong HAN JianHui LU Ming WANG YongFeng LI WeiGuo WANG HaiRong | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，14： | 28 |
| 8 | Humid Medieval Warm Period recorded by magnetic characteristics of sediments from Gonghai Lake, Shanxi, North China显示文摘Variations in monsoon strength, moisture or precipitation in eastern China during the MWP reflected by different climatic records have shown apparent discrepancies. Here, detailed environmental magnetic investigations and mineralogical analyses were conducted on lacustrine sediments of Core GH09B1 (2.8 m long) from Gonghai Lake, Shanxi, North China, concerning the monsoon history during the MWP. The results demonstrate that the main magnetic mineral is magnetite. The sediments with relatively high magnetic mineral concentrations were characterized by relatively fine magnetic grain sizes, which were formed in a period of relatively strong pedogenesis and high precipitation. In contrast, the sediments with low magnetic mineral concentrations reflected an opposite process. The variations of magnetic parameters in Gonghai Lake sediments were mainly controlled by the degree of pedogenesis in the lake drainage basin, which further indicated the strength of the Asian summer monsoon. The variations in the and S 300 parameters of the core clearly reveal the Asian summer monsoon history over the last 1200 years in the study area, suggesting generally abundant precipitation and a strong summer monsoon during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP, AD 910–1220), which is supported by pollen evidence. Furthermore, this 3–6-year resolution environmental magnetic record indicates a dry event around AD 980–1050, interrupting the generally humid MWP. The summer monsoon evolution over the last millennium recorded by magnetic parameters in sediments from Gonghai Lake correlates well with historical documentation (North China) and speleothem oxygen isotopes (Wanxiang Cave), as well as precipitation modeling results (extratropical East Asia), which all indicate a generally humid MWP within which centennial-scale moisture variability existed. It is thus demonstrated that environmental magnetic parameters could be used as an effective proxy for monsoon climate variations in high-resolution lacustrine sediments. | LIU JianBao CHEN FaHu CHEN JianHui XIA DunSheng XU QingHai WANG ZongLi LI YueCong | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，23： | 28 |
| 9 | Performance of a quantum heat engine cycle working with harmonic oscillator systems显示文摘A cycle model of an irreversible heat engine working with harmonic systems is established in this paper. Based on the equation of motion of an operator in the Heisenberg picture and semi-group approach, the first law of thermodynamics for a harmonic system and the time evolution of the system are obtained. The general expressions for several important parameters, such as the work, efficiency, power output, and rate of entropy production are derived. By means of numerical analysis, the optimally operating regions and the optimal values of performance parameters of the cycle are determined under the condition of maximum power output. At last, some special cases, such as high temperature limit and frictionless case, are dis-cussed in brief. | WANG JianHui HE JiZhou MAO ZhiYuan | 2007 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2007，50，2： | 25 |
| 10 | Secondary organic carbon quantification and source apportionment of PM_(10) in Kaifeng, China显示文摘During 2005, the filter samples of ambient PM10 from five sites and the source samples of particulate matter were collected in Kaifeng, Henan Province of China. Nineteen elements, water-soluble ions, total carbon (TC) and organic carbon (OC) contained in samples were analyzed. Seven contributive source types were identified and their contributions to ambient PM10 were estimated by chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model. Weak associations between the concentrations of organic carbon and element carbon (EC) were observed during the sampling periods, indicating that there was secondary organic aerosol pollution in the urban atmosphere. An indirect method of 'OC/EC minimum ratio' was applied to estimate the concentration of secondary organic carbon (SOC). The results showed that SOC contributed 26.2%, 32.4% and 18.0% of TC in spring, summer-fall and winter, respectively, and the annual average SOC concentration was 7.07 μg/m3, accounting for 5.73% of the total mass in ambient PM10. The carbon species concentrations in ambient PM10 were recalculated by subtracting SOC concentrations from measured concentrations of TC and OC to increase the compatibility of source and receptor measurements for CMB model. | WU Lin FENG Yinchang WU Jianhui ZHU Tan BI Xiaohui HAN Bo YANG Weihong YANG Zhiqiang | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，10： | 26 |
| 11 | Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology of the Neoproterozoic Chengjiang Formation in central Yunnan Province(SW China) and its geological significance显示文摘The Chengjiang Formation is the earliest continental clastic deposit after the Jinning Orogeny in central Yunnan Province,and therefore its accurate depositional age is significant for understanding the formation and evolution of the Neoproterozoic rift basins in southern China.However,hampered by accuracy of the dating technique,the existing age data for the Chengjiang Formation are not very reliable.A large number of magmatic zircons were obtained from the tuff interbed in the lower part of the Chengjiang Formation in Jinyang area and the bottom part of the Chengjiang Formation in Dongchuan area,central Yunnan Province,and high-precision SHRIMP U-Pb dating was carried out on these zircons.The results show that the weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U ages are 797.8±8.2 and 803.1±8.7 Ma respectively.In combination with related geological evidence,it has been demonstrated that the bottom boundary age of the Chengjiang Formation should be 800±5 Ma,whereas the top boundary age could be ca 725 Ma.By synthetically analyzing the latest age data for the relevant strata,it has been confirmed that the Chengjiang Formation should be correlated with the Suxiong Formation and the Kaijianqiao Formation in western Sichuan Province,the Liantuo Formation in the middle and lower Yangtze,the Hongchicun Formation and the Shangshu Formation in northern Zhejiang Province,the Puling Formation in southern Anhui Province,the Luokedong Formation and the Majianqiao Formation in northwestern Jiangxi Province,the Wuqiangxi Formation in northwestern Hunan Province,the Fanzhao Formation and the Qingshuijiang Formation in southeastern Guizhou Province,and the Sanmenjie Formation and the Gongdong Formation in northern Guangxi Province.Sedimentary cycle analysis shows that the sedimentary filling sequence of the Neoproterozoic rift basins in southern China can be divided into four cycles.Among them,Cycle II began at ca.800 Ma,accompanied by intensive tectonic-thermal events.The zircon U-Pb ages from the bottom of the Chengjiang Formation reported in this paper indicate that the Neoproterozoic Kangdian rift subbasin probably started to develop at ca.800 Ma and therefore missed Cycle I of the Neoproterozoic sedimentary filling sequence in southern China. | JIANG XinSheng WANG Jian CUI XiaoZhuang ZHUO JieWen XIONG GuoQing LU JunZe LIU JianHui | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，11： | 25 |
| 12 | Definition of the core zone of the “westerlies-dominated climatic regime”, and its controlling factors during the instrumental period显示文摘The term 'westerlies-dominated climatic regime' describes the pattern of precipitation/moisture variations between westerliesdominated arid Central Asia(ACA) and mid-latitude monsoon-dominated Asia on decadal to multi-millennial time scales. However, no attempts have been made to define its core region and the possible physical mechanisms responsible during the period of instrumental observations. The present study investigates the spatiotemporal variations of summer and winter precipitation on interannual to decadal time scales over mid-latitudes of the Eurasian continent using Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) analysis. Our results suggest the existence of an opposing pattern of summer precipitation variations between ACA and mid-latitude monsoon-dominated Asia and Mediterranean on decadal time scales. Based on these results, the core region influenced by the westerlies is outlined, including arid central Asia and Xinjiang in China(36°–54°N, 50°–90°E). By using monthly NCEP-NCAR reanalysis, the relationship between the 'westerlies-dominated climatic regime' and atmospheric circulation were also analyzed. The combination of the zonal climatic teleconnection pattern and anomalous Indian Summer Monsoon Precipitation(ISMP) causes the precipitation characteristics of the 'westerlies-dominated climatic regime' precipitation pattern. In addition, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO) may also have an important effect on the 'westerlies-dominated climatic regime'. | HUANG Wei CHEN JianHui ZHANG XiaoJian FENG Song CHEN FaHu | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，5： | 24 |
| 13 | Responses of soil respiration to simulated precipitation pulses in semiarid steppe under different grazing regimes显示文摘Aims Precipitation pulses and different land use practices(such as grazing)play important roles in regulating soil respiration and carbon balance of semiarid steppe ecosystems in Inner Mongolia.However,the interactive effects of grazing and rain event magnitude on soil respiration of steppe ecosystems are still unknown.We conducted a manipulative experiment with simulated precipitation pulses in Inner Mongolia steppe to study the possible responses of soil respiration to different precipitation pulse sizes and to examine how grazing may affect the responses of soil respiration to precipitation pulses.Methods Six water treatments with different precipitation pulse sizes(0,5,10,25,50 and 100 mm)were conducted in the ungrazed and grazed sites,respectively.Variation patterns of soil respiration of each treatment were determined continuously after the water addition treatments.Important Findings Rapid and substantial increases in soil respiration occurred 1 day after the water treatments in both sites,and the magnitude and duration of the increase in soil respiration depended on pulse size.Significantly positive relationships between the soil respiration and soil moisture in both sites suggested that soil moisture was the most important factor responsible for soil respiration rate during rain pulse events.The ungrazed site maintained significantly higher soil moisture for a longer time,which was the reason that the soil respiration in the ungrazed site was maintained relatively higher rate and longer period than that in the grazed site after a rain event.The significant exponential relationship between soil temperature and soil respiration was found only in the plots with the high water addition treatments(50 and 100 mm).Lower capacity of soil water holding and lower temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in the grazed site indicated that degraded steppe due to grazing might release less CO_(2) to the atmosphere through soil respiration under future precipitation and temperature scenarios. | Shiping Chen Guanghui Lin Jianhui Huang Mao He | 2008 | Journal of Plant Ecology2008，1，4： | 24 |
| 14 | Pattern and timing of late Cenozoic rapid exhumation and uplift of the Helan Mountain,China显示文摘The Helan Mountain, an intraplate deformation belt in the North China Craton, is located in the northern portion of the China North-South seismic belt, and at the northwestern margin of the Ordos Block. The Cenozoic deformation history of the Helan Mountain is characterized by extension along the eastern Helan Mountain fault (EHSF), resulting in the exhumation and uplift of the Helan Mountain, relative to the rifting of the adjacent Yinchuan Basin. Here we present new apatite fission track (AFT) data from several transects adjacent to the EHSF in the central and northern Helan Mountain. AFT ages from the northern Helan Mountain (Dawukou and Zhengyiguan transects) range from 10 Ma to 89 Ma, whereas AFT ages from the southern Helan Mountain (Suyukou transect) are greater than 71 Ma. The AFT data analysis reveals initiation of rapid uplift and exhumation of the Helan Mountain at 10–12 Ma. Additionally, a plot of the AFT ages versus their mean track length shows a distinctive 'boomerang' pattern indicating that the Helan Mountain experienced a discrete phase of accelerated exhumation beginning at 10-12 Ma. Spatially, AFT samples systematically increase in age away from the EHSF and are consistent with late Cenozoic exhumation that was slow in the southwestern Helan Mountain and rapid in the northeastern Helan Mountain, as well more rapid adjacent to the EHSF and slower away from the EHSF. Obviously, the spatial distribution of late Cenozoic exhumation indicates that normal faulting of the EHSF is related to southwestward tilting and rapid exhumation of the Helan Mountain beginning at 10–12 Ma. The uplift and exhumation of the Helan Mountain was a response to the intensive extension of the northwestern margin of the Ordos Block in the late Cenozoic; this occurred under a regional extensional stress field oriented NW-SE along the Yinchuan-Jilantai-Hetao and the Weihe-Shanxi graben systems adjacent to the Ordos Block. | LIU JianHui ZHANG PeiZhen ZHENG DeWen WAN JinLin WANG WeiTao DU Peng LEI QiYun | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，3： | 23 |
| 15 | Coastal erosion in China under the condition of global climate change and measures for its prevention显示文摘The general characteristics of coastal erosion in China are described in terms of the regional geography, the form of erosion, the causes of erosion, and the challenges we are facing. The paper highlights the relationship between coastal erosion and sea level rises, storm waves and tides, and the influence of global climate changes on coastal erosion along the coastal zone of China. The response of the risk of coastal erosion in China to climate changes has obvious regional diversity. Research into and the forecasting of the effects of climate changes on coastal erosion are systemic work involving the natural environment, social economy, and alongshore engineering projects in the global system. Facing global warming and continual enhancement of coastal erosion, suggestions for basic theoretical study, prevention technology, management system assurance, and strengthening the legal system are presented here. | Feng Cai Xianze Su Jianhui Liu Bing Li Gang Lei | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，4： | 23 |
| 16 | Interannual precipitation variations in the mid-latitude Asia and their association with large-scale atmospheric circulation显示文摘This study analyzed the spatial differences of the precipitation variations in the mid-latitude Asia and their possible physical mechanisms during 1960–2009.The annual precipitation showed an opposite variations between the westerlies-dominated arid Central Asia(ACA)and monsoon-dominated North China(NC)during the study period.Given the different contributions of seasonal precipitation to annual total precipitation in ACA and NC,the atmospheric circulation anomalies during the major precipitation seasons(winter in ACA/summer in NC)were analyzed.In winter,negative North Atlantic Oscillation may cause negative height anomalies over the north side and positive anomalies over the south side of the ACA.Together,the enhanced pressure gradient and anomalous westerly wind brings more water vapor to ACA,and leaves less precipitation in NC.In summer,the low-pressure anomalies in Northeast China,along with a weaker summer monsoon and negative height anomalies in Eastern Europe together contribute to reduced(excessive)summer precipitation in NC(ACA).The interactions between ENSO and NAO may result in the opposite precipitation variations between ACA and NC.A significant 2–3-year cycle is identified in ACA,which is linked to the variations of westerly circulation in the middle troposphere. | HUANG Wei CHEN FaHu FENG Song CHEN JianHui ZHANG XiaoJian | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，32： | 21 |
| 17 | A 1000-year chironomid-based salinity reconstruction from varved sediments of Sugan Lake,Qaidam Basin,arid Northwest China,and its palaeoclimatic significance显示文摘A 1000-year high-resolution(~10 years) chironomid record from varved sediments of Sugan Lake,Qaidam Basin on the northern Tibetan Plateau,is presented.The chironomid assemblages are mainly composed of the relatively high-saline-water taxa Psectrocladius barbimanus-type and Orthocladius/Cricotopus,and the relatively low-saline-water taxa Procladius and Psectrocladius sordidellus-type.Variations in the chironomid fauna and inferred salinities suggest that over the last millennium,the Sugan Lake catchment has alternated between contrasting climatic conditions,having a dry climate during the period 990―1550 AD,a relatively humid climate during the Little Ice Age(LIA)(1550―1840 AD),and a dry climate again from 1840 AD onwards.At the decadal to centennial scale,a wet event around 1200―1230 AD,interrupting the generally arid period(990―1550 AD),and a dry event around 1590―1700 AD,punctuating the generally humid period(1550―1840 AD),are clearly documented.Trends in the chironomid-based salinity time series indicate a highly unstable climate during the LIA when salinity fluctuations were of greater magnitude and higher frequency.The effective moisture evolution in the Sugan Lake catchment during the last millennium reconstructed by chironomid analysis is in broad agreement with previous palaeo-moisture data derived from other sites in arid Northwest China(ANC).The LIA,characterized by generally humid conditions over the west-erly-dominated ANC was distinctly different from that in monsoonal China,implying an 'out-of-phase' relationship between moisture evolution in these two regions during the past 1000 years. | CHEN JianHui CHEN FaHu ZHANG EnLou BROOKS Stephen J ZHOU AiFeng ZHANG JiaWu | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，20： | 20 |
| 18 | Special Section:SARS-CoV-2 Preliminary evidence from a multicenter prospective observational study of the safety and efficacy of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19显示文摘Effective therapies are urgently needed for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Chloroquine has been proved to have antiviral effect against coronavirus in vitro.In this study,we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of chloroquine with different doses in COVID-19.In this multicenter prospective observational study,we enrolled patients older than 18 years old with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection excluding critical cases from 12 hospitals in Guangdong and Hubei Provinces.Eligible patients received chloroquinephosphate s00 mg,orally,once(half dose)or twice(full dose)daily.Patients treated with non-chloroquine therapy were included as historical controls.The primary endpoint is the time to undetectable viral RNA.Secondary outcomes include the proportion of patients with undetectable viral RNA by day 10 and 14,hospitalization time,duration of fever,and adverse events.A total of 197 patients completed chloroquine treatment,and 176patients were included as historical controls.The median time to achieve an undetectable viral RNA was shorter in chloroquine than in non-chloroquine(absolute difference in medians-6.0 days;95%CI-6.0 to—4.0).The duration of fever is shorter in chloroquine(geometric mean ratio 0.6;95%CIO.5 to 0.8).No serious adverse events were observed in the chloroquine group.Patients treated with half dose experienced lower rate of adverse events than with full dose.Although randomized trials are needed for further evaluation,this study provides evidence for safety and efficacy of chloroquine in COVID-19 and suggests that chloroquine can be a cost-effective therapy for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. | Mingxing Huang Man Li Fei Xiao Pengfei Pang Jiabi Liang Tiantian Tang Shaoxuan Liu Binghui Chen Jingxian Shu Yingying You Yang Li Meiwen Tang Jianhui Zhou Guanmin Jiang Jingfen Xiang Wenxin Hong Songmei He Zhaoqin Wang Jianhua Feng Changqing Lin Yinong Ye Zhilong Wu Yaocai Li Bei Zhong Ruilin Sun Zhongsi Hong Jing Liu Huili Chen Xiaohua Wang Zhonghe Li Duanqing Pei Lin Tian Jinyu Xia Shanping Jiang Nanshan Zhong Hong Shan | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，9： | 20 |
| 19 | Feasibility study of a large-scale tuned mass damper with eddy current damping mechanism显示文摘Tuned mass dampers(TMDs) have been widely used in recent years to mitigate structural vibration.However,the damping mechanisms employed in the TMDs are mostly based on viscous dampers,which have several well-known disadvantages,such as oil leakage and difficult adjustment of damping ratio for an operating TMD.Alternatively,eddy current damping(ECD) that does not require any contact with the main structure is a potential solution.This paper discusses the design,analysis,manufacture and testing of a large-scale horizontal TMD based on ECD.First,the theoretical model of ECD is formulated,then one large-scale horizontal TMD using ECD is constructed,and finally performance tests of the TMD are conducted.The test results show that the proposed TMD has a very low intrinsic damping ratio,while the damping ratio due to ECD is the dominant damping source,which can be as large as 15% in a proper configuration.In addition,the damping ratios estimated with the theoretical model are roughly consistent with those identified from the test results,and the source of this error is investigated.Moreover,it is demonstrated that the damping ratio in the proposed TMD can be easily adjusted by varying the air gap between permanent magnets and conductive plates.In view of practical applications,possible improvements and feasibility considerations for the proposed TMD are then discussed.It is confirmed that the proposed TMD with ECD is reliable and feasible for use in structural vibration control. | Wang Zhihao Chen Zhengqing Wang Jianhui | 2012 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2012，11，3： | 19 |
| 20 | Protolith ages and timing of peak and retrograde metamorphism of the high-pressure granulites in the Shandong Peninsula,eastern North China Craton显示文摘高压(HP ) granulites 广泛地在 tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG ) 以内作为被外国领地包围的土地发生在山东半岛的早前寒武纪的变形地下室的片麻岩,北方中国 Craton (NCC ) 的东南部分。基于阴极射线发光(CL ) ,激光拉曼光谱学并且在原处标明日期的 U-Pb,我们从 HP granulites 描绘锆石并且组织他们进三种主要类型:继承(magmatic ) 锆石, HP 变形锆石并且后退锆石。有清楚或弱定义的 magmatic zoning 的继承锆石包含 29152890 妈和 27632510 妈的磷灰石,和 207Pb/206Pb 年龄的包括,与在太古代地下室的二个 magmatic 事件相关。同类的 HP 变形锆石包括石榴石, clinopyroxene,斜长石,石英,金红石和磷灰石包含高压的变态的索引矿物质,并且产出在 1900 和 1850 妈之间的 207Pb/206Pb 年龄,标记预定山峰 HP granulite 外形变态。retrograde 锆石包含 orthopyroxene,斜长石,石英,磷灰石和闪石的包括,并且在三个组之中产出 18401820 妈的最年轻的 207Pb/206Pb 年龄,我们它相关到媒介到低压的 granulite 外形后退变态。数据在这研究介绍了建议中央的 subduction -- 并且降低他们在 Palaeoproterozoic (19001850 妈) 期间受到 HP granulite 外形变态的外壳深度的 Neoarchean magmatic protoliths。随后, HP granulites 是到上面的外壳层次的 exhumated,并且被媒介套印到低压的 granulite 和角闪岩外形后退在 ca 的事件。1840820 妈。 | Pinghua Liu Fulai Liu Hong Yang Fang Wang Jianhui Liu | 2012 | Geoscience Frontiers2012，3，6： | 19 |
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