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| 1 | Diversity and distribution patterns of non-volant smallmammals along different elevation gradients on Mt. Kenya,Kenya显示文摘The distribution of small mammals in mountainous environments across different elevations can provide important information on the effects of climate change on the dispersal of species. However, few studies conducted on Afromontane ecosystems have compared the altitudinal patterns of small mammal diversity. We investigated the species diversity and abundance of non-volant small mammals(hereafter ‘small mammals')on Mt. Kenya, the second tallest mountain in Africa,using a standard sampling scheme. Nine sampling transects were established at intervals of 200 m on the eastern(Chogoria) and western(Sirimon) slopes.A total of 1 905 individuals representing 25 species of small mammals were trapped after 12 240 trap-nights.Abundance was highest at mid-elevations on both slopes.However, species richness and their distribution patterns differed between the two slopes. More species were recorded on Chogoria(24) than on Sirimon(17). On Chogoria, species richness was higher at mid-high elevations, with a peak at mid-elevation(2 800 m a.s.l.),whereas species richness showed little variation on the Sirimon slope. These results indicate that patterns of species diversity can differ between slopes on the same mountain. In addition, we extensively reviewed literature on Mt. Kenya's mammals and compiled a comprehensive checklist of 76 mammalian species. However, additional research is required to improve our understanding of smal mammal diversity in mountain habitats in Africa. | Simon Musila Zhong-Zheng Chen Quan Li Richard Yego Bin Zhang Kenneth Onditi Immaculate Muthoni Shui-Wang He Samson Omondi James Mathenge Esther N.Kioko Xue-Long Jiang | 2019 | Zoological Research2019，40，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Sensitive detection of HIV-1 resistance to Zidovudine and impact on treatment outcomes in low-to middle-income countries显示文摘Background:Thymidine analogs,namely AZT(Zidovudine or Retrovir^(TM))and d4T(Stavudine or Zerit^(TM))are antiretroviral drugs still employed in over 75%of first line combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)in Kampala,Uganda despite aversion to prescribing these drugs for cART in high income countries due in part to adverse events.For this study,we explored how the continued use of these thymidine analogs in cART could impact emergence of drug resistance and impact on future treatment success in Uganda,a low-income country.Methods:We examined the drug resistance genotypes by Sanger sequencing of 262 HIV-infected patients failing a first line combined antiretroviral treatment containing either AZT or d4T,which represents approximately 5%of the patients at the Joint Clinical Research Center receiving a AZT or d4T containing treatment.Next generation sequencing(DEEPGEN^(TM)HIV)and multiplex oligonucleotide ligation assays(AfriPOLA)were then performed on a subset of patient samples to detect low frequency drug resistant mutations.CD4 cell counts,viral RNA loads,and treatment changes were analyzed in a cohort of treatment success and failures.Results:Over 80%of patients failing first line AZT/d4T-containing cART had predicted drug resistance to 3TC(Lamivudine)and non-nucleoside RT inhibitors(NNRTIs)in the treatment regimen but only 45%had resistance AZT/d4T associated resistance mutations(TAMs).TAMs were however detected at low frequency within the patients HIV quasispecies(1-20%)in 21 of 34 individuals who were failing first-line AZT-containing cART and lacked TAMs by Sanger.Due to lack of TAMs by Sanger,AZT was typically maintained in second-line therapies and these patients had a low frequency of subsequent virologic success.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that continued use of AZT and d4T in first-line treatment in low-to-middle income countries may lead to misdiagnosis of HIV-1 drug resistance and possibly enhance a succession of second-and third-line treatment failures. | Richard M.Gibson Gabrielle Nickel Michael Crawford Fred Kyeyune Colin Venner Immaculate Nankya Eva Nabulime Emmanuel Ndashimye Art F.Y.Poon Robert A.Salata Cissy Kityo Peter Mugyenyi Miguel E.Quinones-Mateu Eric J.Arts | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 1 |
| 3 | 显示文摘 | Richard Akinyeye Immaculate Michira | 2006 | Electroanalysis2006，18，24： | 1 |
| 4 | HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive individuals in sub-Saharan Africa after rollout of antiretroviral therapy: a multicentre observational study显示文摘 | Raph L Hamers Carole L Wallis Cissy Kityo Margaret Siwale Kishor Mandaliya Francesca Conradie Mariette E Botes Maureen Wellington Akin Osibogun Kim C E Sigaloff Immaculate Nankya Rob Schuurman Ferdinand W Wit Wendy S Stevens Michèle van Vugt Tobias F Rink | 2011 | The Lancet Infectious Diseases2011，，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Tax incen tives and household investment in complementary pension insur- ance:some recent evidence from the italian experience显示文摘 | Immaculate Marino Filippo Pericoli Luigi Ventura | 2011 | Risk management and insurance review2011，14，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Late Holocene Environmental History of Lake Victoria Basin: Evidence from Geochemical Proxies显示文摘 | Morgan Andama Julius B. Lejju Casim Umba Tolo Grace Kagoro-Rugunda Immaculate Ssemmanda Janet Ayebare | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)2012，1，9： | 0 |
| 7 | Pharmacognostic characters of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. leaves: macroscopy, microscopy, and phytochemical analysis显示文摘Background:Albizia lebbeck(L.)Benth,a medium to large tree belonging to the family Fabaceae,is commonly used as a medicinal plant for various disease conditions.Aim:The aim of this study was to establish a pharmacognostical profile for the leaves of Albizia lebbeck(L.)Benth in order to aid its identification and authentication.Method:Standard macroscopic methods were employed to analyze the physical parameters of the Albizia lebbeck(L.)Benth leaves.Fresh leaf samples and dried leaf powder were studied under a microscope to reveal the plant’s microscopic features.Preliminary phytochemical investigation of the plant material was also conducted using standard methods.Result:The results showed the presence of fibers,epidermal cells,stomata,sclereids,prismatic crystals,vascular bundles,and parenchyma cells.Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols,flavonoids,glycocides,terpenes,tannins,saponins,carbohydrates,and quinones.Conclusion:These pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical observations can be considered as standard for future studies. | Ogochukwu Immaculate Obika Ifeanyi E.Obika | 2023 | Life Research2023，6，3： | 0 |
| 8 | Influence of cultural factors on choice of childbirth place among women in Oyigbo Local Government Area,Rivers State,Nigeria显示文摘Objectives:This study aims to ascertain if cultural factors influence the childbirth place choice of women in Oyigbo.Materials and Methods:The study used a cross‑sectional study design using a self‑structured questionnaire as the instrument to collect data from 384 volunteers through simple random sampling,and these data were analyzed using frequency and percentage for descriptive statistics while Chi‑square was used for inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance.Results:The influence of cultural factors such as family traditions(χ^(2)=12.56,P=0.006),beliefs(χ^(2)=70.66,P=0.000),lack of confidence in health facilities(χ^(2)=367.83,P=0.000),and the presence of male skilled birth attendants(χ^(2)=50.85,P=0.000)were statistically significant to the choice of childbirth place,while patriarchal system(χ^(2)=2.99,P=0.393)was not statistically significant to the choices of childbirth places of women in Oyigbo.Religion had a statistically significant influence on childbirth place(χ^(2)=125.46,P=0.000).Conclusion:This study shows that religious and cultural factors have a significant influence on the childbirth place choices of women in Oyigbo Local Government Area of Rivers State. | Ngozi Afulenu OBIKA-NDIRI Chizoma Millicent NDIKOM Ogochukwu Immaculate OBIKA Omineokuma Tubonemi ASEMINASO | 2023 | Journal of Integrative Nursing2023，5，1： | 0 |
| 9 | Conventional and non-conventional management stratagies for pregnant women with sickle cell disease显示文摘Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited hemoglobinopathy and is characterized by painful vaso-occlusive crisis.Pregnancy in women with sickle cell disease is associated with an increased incidence of maternal and perinatal complications,but notwithstanding,adequate care through preconception,antenatal,intrapartum,and postnatal stages ensures a better outcome.Despite the management of pregnant women with sickle cell disease being best accomplished using a multidisciplinary approach,few therapeutic interventions have been explored.This paper focuses on the effective conventional and non-conventional management of pregnant women with sickle cell disease with the aim of suppress the alternating effect of sickle cell disease and pregnancy for better maternal and fetal outcomes.The conscious use of these therapies integratively or alternatively can improve self-care and quality of life,decrease the occurrence of discomforts and complications,and reduce frequency of hospitalization. | Ngozi Afulenu Obika-Ndiri Ogochukwu Immaculate Obika | 2023 | Clinical Research Communications2023，6，2： | 0 |
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