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| 1 | Cancer and age related colonic crypt deficiencies in cytochrome c oxidase Ⅰ显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether defi ciency of expressionof cytochrome c oxidase I (CcOI) in colonic crypts is associated with colon cancer.METHODS: The pattern and level of expression of CcOI in non-neoplastic colonic crypts,and in dysplastic tissues,was assessed using standard immunohis-tochemical methods.Biopsies were obtained from individuals undergoing colonoscopies for screening purposes or for a medically indicated reason.Tissue samples were also obtained from surgical colonic resections.Samples from resections were taken from colonic mucosa 1 and 10 cm from tumors and from the tumors themselves.Samples were evaluated for frequency of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI.In most crypts the loss was apparent throughout the entire crypt,while in a small minority the loss was segmental.The strong immunoreactivity using this monoclonal antibody makes the scoring unambiguous.The percent of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI or (infrequent) segmented loss of expression was then calculated.Data analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 17.0.RESULTS: The average frequency of CcOI deficient crypts (CcOI-DC) is low in individuals between 20 and 39 years of age,with 0.48% ± 0.40% CcOI-DC for women and 1.80% ± 0.35% for men.CcOI-DC increases after age 40 years,so that between the ages of 40 and 44 years the average frequency of CcOI- DC goes up to 5.89% ± 0.84% in women and 2.15% ± 1.27% in men.By 80-84 years of age,the average frequency of CcOI-DC goes up in women to 15.77% ± 0.97% and in men to 22.6% ± 0.65%.The increases in CcOI-DC from ages 40-44 years compared to 80-84 years in women and men are significantly different with P < 0.01.For women over age 60 years,deficiency of CcOI expression is greater in those women who have had a cancer in their colon.The frequency of CcOI-DC,measured in men,increased in tissues adjacent to colon cancer,being 4.03% ± 0.27% in individuals free of neoplasia in the age range 55-64 yearsand 14.13% ± 0.35% in resected histologically normal tissue of men with cancer in the same age range,P < 0.001.Similar signifi cant differences were noted in older age ranges.The frequency of CcOI-DC crypts in the cecum and sigmoid colon of an individual are signifi cantly correlated,with an R2 = 0.414 for women and R2 = 0.528 for men,P < 0.001.This suggests that the factors determining the level of CcOI deficiency act throughout the colon.Most defective crypts are in clusters of two or more,a likely consequence of crypt fission.In the non-neoplastic margins of cancers,crypts are frequently defi cient for CcOI,and such crypts may appear in large clusters,some containing more than 100 defi cient crypts.CcOI defi ciency is also apparent in colon cancers and sometimes involves a large section of the tumor.Overall,CcOI deficient cells can be visualized in segments of crypts,in whole crypts that increase in frequency with age,in crypts undergoing f ission,in clusters of crypts where the clusters increase in size with age,in increased frequency near tumors,in large clusters in the intimate margins of tumors,and in the tumors themselves.There is no clear dividing line between early stages that can be considered aspects of aging and later stages that can be considered aspects of the progression to cancer.This ambiguity may re ect a rather general situation leading to adult cancer where the early stages of cellular change appear to be relatively innocuous features of the aging process but over decades may evolve into malignancy.CONCLUSION: CcOI defi cient crypts increase in frequency with age,and clusters of defi cient crypts are associated with,and may give rise to,colon cancer. | Carol Bernstein Alexander Facista Huy Nguyen Beryl Zaitlin Nadia Hassounah Cristy Loustaunau Claire Margaret Payne Bhaskar Banerjee Steve Goldschmid V Liana Tsikitis Robert Krouse Harris Bernstein | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，12： | 5 |
| 2 | Risk factors for Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma:Results from the FINBAR study显示文摘AIM:To investigate risk factors associated with Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.METHODS:This all-Ireland population-based case-control study recruited 224 Barrett's oesophagus patients,227 oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients and 260 controls.All participants underwent a structured interview with information obtained about potential lifestyle and environmental risk factors.RESULTS:Gastro-oesophageal reflux was associated with Barrett's [OR 12.0(95% CI 7.64-18.7)] and oesophageal adenocarcinoma [OR 3.48(95% CI 2.25-5.41)].Oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients were more likely than controls to be ex-or current smokers [OR 1.72(95% CI 1.06-2.81)and OR 4.84(95% CI 2.72-8.61)respectively] and to have a high body mass index [OR 2.69(95% CI 1.62-4.46)].No significant associations were observed between these risk factors and Barrett's oesophagus.Fruit but not vegetables were negatively associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma [OR 0.50(95% CI 0.30-0.86)].CONCLUSION:A high body mass index,a diet low in fruit and cigarette smoking may be involved in the progression from Barrett's oesophagus to oesophageal adenocarcinoma. | Lesley A Anderson RG Peter Watson Seamus J Murphy Brian T Johnston Harry Comber Jim Mc Guigan John V Reynolds Liam J Murray | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，10： | 5 |
| 3 | Distribution and their pollution assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of the Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent coastal waters显示文摘The present paper deals with the distribution patterns of heavy metals and the associated influencing factors in the Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent coastal waters.Based upon the analysis of the surficial and core sediments measurements,the pollution of heavy metal and potential ecological risk were evaluated.The burial flux and contents of heavy metals(except for copper) have been continuously increasing since the 1920s.Therefore,the gross potential ecological risk for the sedi-ments was high or very high,and the study area was endangered by heavy metals contamination.Heavy metals originated mainly from upstream pollutant input,correlation analysis showed that chromium,nickel,zinc,cadmium,lead,arsenic,and mercury in the sediments of the middle and west channels as well as the sea area of the western Yalu River Estuary concentrations were most probably derived from similar sources.In contrast,the metal of copper most probably originated from sources different from the other metals.Preliminary studies indicate that copper contamination was most likely the result of emission from mining activities situated at the upstream of the river.The contents of heavy metals in the sediments of estuarine turbidity maximum zone of Yalu River were larger than those of any other areas in the middle channel.With large portion of fine sediments,weaker hydrodynamics,and richer sources of heavy metals,the sediments of the west channel,were even more enriched with heavy metals than those of the middle channel. | GAO Jianhua LI Jun Wang Harry V WANG Yaping WANG Zhenyan BAI Fenglong GAO Shu CHENG Yan | 2009 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2009，28，6： | 4 |
| 4 | Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis and its application to various coals显示文摘 | L Lu V Sahajwalla C Kong D Harris | 2001 | Carbon2001，，12： | 2 |
| 5 | Light Speed Reduction to 17 Metres per Second in an Ultracold Stomic gas显示文摘 | HAU L V HARRIS S E DUTTON Z | 1999 | Nature1999，397，： | 1 |
| 6 | Evidence for Eocene mafic underplating, during fore-arc intrusive activity, eastern Chugach Mountains, Alaska显示文摘 | HARRIS N R SISSON V B WRIGHT J E | 1996 | Geology1996，24，： | 1 |
| 7 | Tracking fish by airborne radar - fishermen could be the winner显示文摘 | GRIFFITHS F B LYNE V D HARRIS G P et el | 1989 | Australian Fisheries1989，48，： | 1 |
| 8 | Deciphering the biology of My cobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence 显示文摘 | Cole S T Brosch R Parkhill J Gamier T Churcher C Harris D Gordon S V Eiglmeier K Gas S Barry C E Tekaia F Badcock K Basham D Brown D Chillingworth T Cormor R Davies R Devlin K FeltweU T Gentles S Hamlin N Holroyd S Hornsby T Jagels K Kroghs A McLean J Moule S Murphy L Oliver K Osborne J Quail M A Rafandream M A Rogers J Rutter S Seeger K Skelton J Squaraes R Squares S Sulston J E Taylo K Whitehead S Barrell B G | 1998 | Nature1998，393，： | 1 |
| 9 | Nutri?ent-gene interaction: metabolic genotype-phenotype re?lationship显示文摘 | GO V L NGUYEN C T HARRIS D M | 2005 | TheJournal of Nutrition2005，135，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Establishment of conditions for the detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 by polymerase chain reaction using primers in the thymidine kinase region显示文摘 | Yason C V Harris L M McKenna P K | 1995 | Can J Vet Res1995，59，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Screening for asymptomtic deep vein thrombosis in surgical intensive care patients显示文摘 | Harris L M Curl G R Booth F V | 1997 | J Vasc Surg1997，26，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Light speed re- duction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas 显示文摘 | Hau L V Harris S E Dutton Z | 1999 | Nature1999，397，： | 1 |
| 13 | Prediction of the stability of the Mn+1 AX, phases from first principles 显示文摘 | Keast V J Harris S Smith D K | 2009 | Phys Rev B2009，80，21： | 1 |
| 14 | Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection 显示文摘 | Montessori V Press N Harris M | 2004 | CMAJ2004，170，2： | 1 |
| 15 | MRI measurement of blood-brain barrier permeability following spontaneous reperfusion in the microsphere model of ischemia显示文摘 | Harris NG Gauden V Fraser PA | 2002 | Magn Reson Imaging2002，20，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Early diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging can predict survival in women with locally ad- vanced cancer of the cervix treated with combined chemo-radiation 显示文摘 | Somoye G Harry V Semple S | 2012 | Eur Radiol2012，22，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Accurate prediction of the response of freshwater fish to a mixture of estrogenic chemicals 显示文摘 | BRIAN J V HARRIS C A SCHOLZE M | 2005 | Environ Health Perspect2005，113，： | 1 |
| 18 | Directed evolution of ionizing radiation resistance in Escherichia coli 显示文摘 | Harris D R Pollock S V Wood E A Goiffon R J Klingele A J Cabot E L Schackwitz W Martin J Eggington J Durfee T J Middle C M Norton J E Popelars M C Li H Klugman S A Hamilton L L Bane L B Pennacchio L A Albert T J Perna N T Cox M M Battista J R | 2009 | Journal of Bacteriology2009，191，16： | 1 |
| 19 | Prevention of surgical site infection and appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing habits in plastic surgery显示文摘 | Landes G Harris PG Lemaine V | 2008 | J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg2008，61，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Importance of the nearshore area for sustainable redevelopment in the Great Lakes with observation on the Baltic Sea显示文摘 | Harris H J Harris V A Regier H A | 1988 | Ambio1988，5，： | 1 |
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