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| 1 | Stand structure and height-diameter relationship of a degraded Populus euphratica forest in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Northwest China显示文摘Understanding stand structure and height-diameter relationship of trees provides very useful information to establish appropriate countermeasures for sustainable management of endangered forests. Populus euphratica, a dominant tree species along the Tarim River watershed, plays an irreplaceable role in the sustainable development of regional ecology, economy and society. However, as the result of climate changes and human activities, the natural riparian ecosystems within the whole river basin were degraded enormously, particularly in the lower reaches of the river where about 320 km of the riparian forests were either highly degraded or dead. In this study, we presented one of the main criteria for the assessment of vitality of P. euphratica forests by estimating the defoliation level, and analyzed forest structure and determined the height-diameter(height means the height of a tree and diameter means the diameter at breast height(DBH) of a tree) relationship of trees in different vitality classes(i.e. healthy, good, medium, senesced, dying, dead and fallen). Trees classified as healthy and good accounted for approximately 40% of all sample trees, while slightly and highly degraded trees took up nearly 60% of total sample trees. The values of TH(tree height) and DBH ranged from 0–19 m and 0–125 cm, respectively. Trees more than 15 m in TH and 60 cm in DBH appeared sporadically. Trees in different vitality classes had different distribution patterns. Healthy trees were mainly composed more of relatively younger trees than of degraded tress. The height-diameter relationships differed greatly among tress in different vitality classes, with the coefficients ranging from 0.1653 to 0.6942. Correlation coefficients of TH and DBH in healthy and good trees were higher than those in trees of other vitality classes. The correlation between TH and DBH decreased with the decline of tree vitality. Our results suggested that it might be able to differentiate degraded P. euphratica trees from healthy trees by determining the height-diameter correlation coefficient, and the coefficient would be a new parameter for detecting degradation and assessing sustainable management of floodplain forests in arid regions. In addition, tree vitality should be taken into account to make an accurate height-diameter model for tree height prediction. | AISHAN Tayierjiang HALIK ümüt Florian BETZ TIYIP Tashpolat DING Jianli NUERMAIMAITI Yiliyasijiang | 2015 | Journal of Arid Land2015，7，4： | 10 |
| 2 | Modeling height–diameter relationship for Populus euphratica in the Tarim riparian forest ecosystem, Northwest China显示文摘Modeling height–diameter relationships is an important component in estimating and predicting forest development under different forest management scenarios. In this paper, ten widely used candidate height–diameter models were fitted to tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH)data for Populus euphratica Oliv. within a 100 ha permanent plots at Arghan Village in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. Data from 4781 trees were used and split randomly into two sets:75 % of the data were used to estimate model parameters(model calibration), and the remaining data(25 %) were reserved for model validation. All model performances were evaluated and compared by means of multiple model performance criteria such as asymptotic t-statistics of model parameters, standardized residuals against predicted height,root mean square error(RMSE), Akaike's informationcriterion(AIC), mean prediction error(ME) and mean absolute error(MAE). The estimated parameter a for model(6) was not statistically significant at a level of a = 0.05. RMSE and AIC test result for all models showed that exponential models(1),(2),(3) and(4) performed significantly better than others. All ten models had very small MEs and MAEs. Nearly all models underestimated tree heights except for model(6). Comparing the MEs and MAEs of models, model(1) produced smaller MEs(0.0059) and MAEs(1.3754) than other models. To assess the predictive performance of models, we also calculated MEs by dividing the model validation data set into 10-cm DBH classes. This suggested that all models were likely to create higher mean prediction errors for tree DBH classes[20 cm. However, no clear trend was found among models.Model(6) generated significantly smaller mean prediction errors across all tree DBH classes. Considering all the aforementioned criteria, model(1): TH ? 1:3 t a= e1 t b?eàc?DBHT and model(6): TH ? 1:3 t DBH2= ea t b?DBH t c ? DBH2T are recommended as suitable models for describing the height–diameter relationship of P. euphratica. The limitations of other models showing poor performance in predicting tree height are discussed. We provide explanations for these shortcomings. | Tayierjiang Aishan Umüt Halik Florian Betz Philipp Gartner Bernd Cyffka | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，4： | 9 |
| 3 | Vitality variation and population structure of a riparian forest in the lower reaches of the Tarim River,NW China显示文摘Since 2000, the Chinese government has implemented emergency water diversion measures to restore the damaged riparian forest ecosystem with dominant tree species Euphrat poplar(Populus euphratica Oliv.)at the lower reaches of the Tarim River. In the present study, comparative analysis of variations in the vitality of P. euphratica trees were made using 2005 and 2010 data to illustrate the revitalization process of riparian forest. Poplar trees within 300 m of the riverbed were positively revitalized, while the vitality of trees farther than 300 m from the river decreased. Population structure was studied to demonstrate the development of poplar community. In the first belt, the class structure for the diameter at breast height(DBH) of P. euphratica fit a logistic model, and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th belt curve fittings were close to a Gaussian model; in other plots they were bimodal. Cluster analysis of the composition of the DBH class of poplar trees demonstrated that those within 16–36 cm DBH were the most abundant(58.49% of total) in study area, under 16 cm of DBH were second(31.36%), and trees >40 cm DBH were the least abundant(10.15%). More than 80% of the trees were young and medium-sized, which means that the poplar forest community in the vicinity of the lower Tarim River is at a stable developmental stage. The abundance of juvenile trees of P. euphratica in the first and second measuring belts was 12.13% in 2005 and increased to 25.52% in 2010, which means that the emergency water transfer had a positive impact on the generation of young P. euphratica trees in the vicinity of the river. | Maierdang Keyimu Umut Halik Florian Betz Choimaa Dulamsuren | 2018 | Journal of Forestry Research2018，29，3： | 7 |
| 4 | Genetic consequences of postglacial colonization by the endemic Yarkand hare (Lepus yarkandensis) of the arid Tarim Basin显示文摘Orogenesis of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,which occurred in a stepwise manner,contributed to the extreme aridity of the Tarim Basin,resulting in vulnerable and unstable ecosystems.Quaternary climatic oscillations may have affected the ecosystems and,consequently,the distributions and genetic structuring of the Tarim Basin's biota.We used nucleotide sequence data from 2 mitochondrial (mt) DNA genes (Cyt b and the D-loop) to test hypotheses associated with the matrilineal and demographical histories of the Tarim Basin's endemic Yarkand hare (Lepus yarkandensis).Range-wide sampling involving 20 populations and 224 individuals detected 126 haplotypes that clustered into 5 major lineages in both the phylogenetic tree and median-joining network.Populations from the northern and eastern Tarim Basin shared a similar history,as did those from the western and southern regions.Demographical analysis and genetic diversity estimations suggested that the western and southern regions might have served as glacial refugia for the Yarkand hare during Quaternary climatic oscillations.The distribution of the Yarkand hare,especially in the northern and eastern parts,probably represented 3 postglacial colonization events,dated to 0.21,0.090 and 0.054 MYA,which corresponded to known interglacial periods.Given the relatively complete geographic isolation between the eastern and southern populations,the Yarkand hare likely dispersed during postglacial periods from the southwest to the north,and then onward to the east.The absence of water likely forced the species into refugia,and this differed from other Pleistocene biogeographical drivers.The demographical and historical patterns have important implications for conservation. | SHAN WenJuan LIU Jiang YU Li ROBERT W. Murphy MAHMUT Halik ZHANG YaPing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，13： | 5 |
| 5 | Spatio-temporal Variability of Soil Water at Three Seasonal Floodplain Sites: A Case Study in Tarim Basin,Northwest China显示文摘The floodplain vegetation of the Tarim River in Northwest China is strongly influenced by irrigated agriculture. The abstraction of river water disturbs the natural dynamics of the floodplain ecosystem. The human impact on the hydrological system by bank dams and the irrigation of cotton plantings have caused adverse changes of the Tarim River and its floodplains, so the current stocks of the typical Tugai vegetation show significant signs of degradation. Field studies of soils and statistical analysis of soil moisture data have shown that the vitality of the Tugai vegetation is primarily determined by its position to the riverbank and the groundwater. There exist complex interactions between soil hydrological conditions and the vitality of the vegetation. But the availability of water is not only influenced by the groundwater level and seasonal flood events. The spatial distribution of stocks at different states of vitality seems also to be decisively influenced by physical soil properties. Our results show that the water supply of plant communities is strongly influenced by the soil texture. Spatial differences of soil moisture and corresponding soil water tensions may be the decisive factors for the zonation of vegetation. Physical soil properties control the water retention and rising of capillary water from deeper soil layers and the phreatic zone and may supply the root systems of the phreatophytic vegetation with water. | Sven GRASHEY-JANSEN Martin KUBA Bernd CYFFKA müt HALIK Tayierjiang AISHAN | 2014 | Chinese Geographical Science2014，24，6： | 3 |
| 6 | Spatiotemporal changes of eco-environmental quality based on remote sensing-based ecological index in the Hotan Oasis,Xinjiang显示文摘The rapid economic development that the Hotan Oasis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China has undergone in recent years may face some challenges in its ecological environment.Therefore,an analysis of the spatiotemporal changes in ecological environment of the Hotan Oasis is important for its sustainable development.First,we constructed an improved remote sensing-based ecological index(RSEI)in 1990,1995,2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020 on the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform and implemented change detection for their spatial distribution.Second,we performed a spatial autocorrelation analysis on RSEI distribution map and used land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)data to analyze the reasons of RSEI changes.Finally,we investigated the applicability of improved RSEI to arid area.The results showed that mean of RSEI rose from 0.41 to 0.50,showing a slight upward trend.During the 30-a period,2.66% of the regions improved significantly,10.74% improved moderately and 32.21% improved slightly,respectively.The global Moran's I were 0.891,0.889,0.847 and 0.777 for 1990,2000,2010 and 2020,respectively,and the local indicators of spatial autocorrelation(LISA)distribution map showed that the high-high cluster was mainly distributed in the central part of the Hotan Oasis,and the low-low cluster was mainly distributed in the outer edge of the oasis.RSEI at the periphery of the oasis changes from low to high with time,with the fragmentation of RSEI distribution within the oasis increasing.Its distribution and changes are predominantly driven by anthropologic factors,including the expansion of artificial oasis into the desert,the replacement of desert ecosystems by farmland ecosystems,and the increase in the distribution of impervious surfaces.The improved RSEI can reflect the eco-environmental quality effectively of the oasis in arid area with relatively high applicability.The high efficiency exhibited with this approach makes it convenient for rapid,high frequency and macroscopic monitoring of eco-environmental quality in study area. | YAO Kaixuan Abudureheman HALIKE CHEN Limei WEI Qianqian | 2022 | Journal of Arid Land2022，14，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Molecular phylogeography of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations in Xinjiang of China: Comparison with other Asianl European and North American populations显示文摘 | Mahmut Halik Masuda Ryuichi Onuma Manabu | 2002 | Zoological Science2002，19，： | 1 |
| 8 | High- mobility polymer gate dielectric pentacene thin film transistors 显示文摘 | Hagen Klauk Marcus Halik Ute Zschieschang | 2002 | J Appl Phys2002，92，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Molecular phylogeography of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations in Xinjiang of China: Comparison with other Asian, European and North American populations显示文摘 | Mahmut Halik Masuda Ryuichi Onuma Manabu | 2002 | Zoological Science2002，19，： | 1 |
| 10 | Argon laser assisted small fenestra stapedotomy for otosclerosis显示文摘 | Raut V Halik J | 2005 | Auris Nasus Larynx2005，32，： | 1 |
| 11 | Intra-articular local anaesthetic on the day after surgery improves pain and patient satisfaction after Unicompartmental Knee Replacement:a randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Weston-Simons JS Pandit H Haliker V | 2012 | Knee2012，4，： | 1 |
| 12 | High-mobility Polymer Gate Dielectric Pentacene Thin Film Transistors 显示文摘 | Klauk H Halik M Zschieschang U | 2002 | Journal of Applied Physics2002，，92： | 1 |
| 13 | Measuring user preferences and behaviour in a topographic immersive virtual environment(TopoIVE)of 2D and 3D urban topographic data显示文摘This paper investigates user preferences and behaviour associated with 2D and 3D modes of urban representation within a novel Topographic Immersive Virtual Environment(TopoIVE)created from official 1:10,000 mapping.Sixty participants were divided into two groups:the first were given a navigational task within a simulated city and the second were given the freedom to explore it.A Head-Mounted Display(HMD)Virtual Reality(VR)app allowed participants to switch between 2D and 3D representations of buildings with a remote controller and their use of these modes during the experiment was recorded.Participants performed mental rotation tests before entering the TopoIVE and were interviewed afterwards about their experiences using the app.The results indicate that participants preferred the 3D mode of representation overall,although preference for the 2D mode was slightly higher amongst those undertaking the navigational task,and reveal that different wayfinding solutions were adopted by participants according to their gender.Overall,the findings suggest that users exploit different aspects of 2D and 3D modes of visualization in their wayfinding strategy,regardless of their task.The potential to combine the functionality of 2D and 3D modes therefore offers substantial opportunities for the development of immersive virtual reality products derived from topographic datasets. | Łukasz Halik Alexander J.Kent | 2021 | International Journal of Digital Earth2021，14，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Tree mortality and regeneration of Euphrates poplar riparian forests along the Tarim River,Northwest China显示文摘Background:Tree mortality and regeneration(seedling and sapling recruitment)are essential components of forest dynamics in arid regions,especially where subjected to serious eco-hydrological problems.In recent decades,the mortality of the Euphrates poplar(Populus euphratica)along the Tarim River in Northwest China has increased.However,few studies have quantified the causes of mortality and regeneration in this azonal riparian forest type.Methods:The present study describes the annual hydrological response of tree mortality and regeneration in forest gaps.A total of 60 canopy gaps were investigated in six replicate grid plots(50m×50 m)and the annual runoff and water consumption data during the period of 1955–2016 were collected from hydrological stations in the middle reaches of the Tarim River.We compared the regeneration density of seedlings and saplings within the canopy gap areas(CGAs),undercanopy areas(UCAs),and uncovered riverbank areas(RBAs)through detailed field investigation.Results:Our study found that the mortality of young and middle-aged gap makers has increased remarkably over recent decades,particularly since the year 1996.The main results indicated that regional water scarcity was the primary limiting factor for long-term changes in tree mortality,as shown by a significant correlation between the diameter at breast height(DBH)of dead trees and the annual surface water.The average density(or regeneration rate)of seedlings and saplings was highest in the RBAs,intermediate in the CGAs,and lowest in the UCAs.Compared with the UCAs,the CGAs promote tree regeneration to some extent by providing favorable conditions for the survival and growth of seedlings and saplings,which would otherwise be suppressed in the understory.Furthermore,although the density of seedlings and saplings in the CGAs was not as high as in the RBAs,the survival rate was higher in the CGAs than in the RBAs.Conclusion:Forest canopy gaps in floodplain areas can play a decisive role in the long-term germination and regeneration of plant species.However,as a typical phreatophyte in this hyper-arid region,the ecosystem structure,functions and services of this fragile P.euphratica floodplain forests are threatened by a continuous decrease of water resources,due to excessive water use for agricultural irrigation,which has resulted in a severe reduction of intact poplar forests.Furthermore,the survival of seedlings and saplings is influenced by light availability and soil water at the regional scale.Our findings suggest that policymakers may need to reconsider the restoration and regeneration measures implemented in riparian P.euphratica forests to improve flood water efficiency and create canopy gaps.Our results provide with valuable reference information for the conservation and sustainable development of floodplain forest ecosystems. | Ayjamal Keram Umut Halik Tayierjiang Aishan Maierdang Keyimu Kadeliya Jiapaer Guolei Li | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，4： | 1 |
| 15 | 显示文摘 | Klauk H Halik M Zschieschang U | 2002 | Journal of Applied Physics2002，92，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Relationship between molecular structures and electrical performance of oligothiophene organic thin film transistors显示文摘 | Halik M | 2003 | Adv Mater2003，15，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Monitoring the hydrological and ecological response to water diversion in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Northwest China显示文摘 | AISHAN T HALIK U CYFFKA B | 2013 | Quaternary International2013，311，： | 1 |
| 18 | High-mobility polymer gate dielectric pentacene thin film transistors 显示文摘 | Marcus Halik Ute Zschieschang | 2002 | Journal of Applied Physics2002，92，9： | 1 |
| 19 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Klauk H Halik M Zshieschang U Schmid G Radlik W Weber W | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | High-mob- ility polymer gate dielectric pentacene thin film tran- sistors显示文摘 | Klauk H Halik M Zschieschang U | 2002 | Journal of Applied Physics2002，92，9： | 1 |
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