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| 1 | Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review显示文摘To keep the concept of a safe food supply to the consumers, animal feed industries world over are showing an increasing interest in the direct-fed microbials(DFM) for improved animal performance in terms of growth or productivity. This becomes all the more essential in a situation, where a number of the residues of antibiotics and/or other growth stimulants reach in milk and meat with a number of associated potential risks for the consumers. Hence, in the absence of growth stimulants, a positive manipulation of the rumen microbial ecosystem to enhance the feedstuff utilization for improved production efficiency by ruminants has become of much interest to the researchers and entrepreneurs. A few genera of live microbes(i.e., bacteria, fungi and yeasts in different types of formulations from paste to powder) are infrequently used as DFM for the domestic ruminants. These DFM products are live microbial feed supplements containing naturally occurring microbes in the rumen. Among different DFM possibilities, anaerobic rumen fungi(ARF) based additives have been found to improve ruminant productivity consistently during feeding trials. Administration of ARF during the few trials conducted, led to the increased weight gain, milk production, and total tract digestibility of feed components in ruminants. Anaerobic fungi in the rumen display very strong cell-wall degrading cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities through rhizoid development, resulting in the physical disruption of feed structure paving the way for bacterial action. Significant improvements in the fiber digestibility were found to coincide with increases in ARF in the rumen indicating their role. Most of the researches based on DFM have indicated a positive response in nutrient digestion and methane reducing potential during in vivo and/or in vitro supplementation of ARF as DFM. Therefore, DFM especially ARF will gain popularity but it is necessary that all the strains are thoroughly studied for their beneficial properties to have a confirmed ‘generally regarded as safe' status for ruminants. | Anil K Puniya Abdelfattah Z M Salem Sanjay Kumar Sumit S Dagar Gareth W Griffith Monica Puniya Sreenivas R Ravella Nikhil Kumar Tejpal Dhewa Ravinder Kumar | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 17 |
| 2 | 社区多重慢病与健康管理显示文摘环境、人口、及经济转型带来的慢性非传染性疾病已经成为许多国家的头号健康威胁。多重病的患病率近年来稳步上升,与年龄增长密切相关,同时也与医疗服务因素及生活方式相关。多重慢病患者有更大的卫生保健需求。国际经验已经表明了初级卫生保健的巨大作用。加强初级保健下的社区健康管理可以带来更适宜、更有成效及更低成本的护理。面对来自于慢性疾病及多重病的新兴公共卫生问题,更需要加强多学科医疗保健服务模式下的社区健康管理。 | 王皓翔 王家骥 黄仰山 黄至生 Sian M GRIFFITHS Stewart W MERCER | 2015 | 医师在线2015，1，1： | 5 |
| 3 | Gut microbiome in primary sclerosing cholangitis:A review显示文摘Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by biliary inflammation and stricturing.Exploration of the pathogenesis of PSC in light of its association with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the“gut-liver”axis is an emerging area of interest.A growing number of studies have begun to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota,its metabolites and its influence on host immune responses in the development of PSC and PSCIBD.Studies of the fecal microbiota have highlighted enriched levels of certain species,including Veillonella,Streptococcus and Enterococcus,among others.A heightened immune response to enteric dysbiosis and bacterial translocation have also been implicated.For example,Klebsiella pneumoniae strains derived from gnotobiotic mice transplanted with PSC-IBD microbiota were found to induce pore formation in human intestinal epithelial cells and enhanced Th17 responses.Gut microbes have additionally been hypothesized to be implicated in PSC pathogenesis through their role in the synthesis of various metabolites,including bile acids(BAs),which function as signaling molecules with important gut and hepatic effects.An expanded knowledge of the gut microbiome as it relates to PSC offers critical insight into the development of microbe-altering therapeutic interventions,such as antibiotics,nutritional interventions and fecal microbial transplantation.Some of these have already shown some preliminary evidence of benefit.Despite exciting progress in the field,much work remains to be done;areas that are particularly lacking include functional characterization of the microbiome and examination of pediatric populations.In this review,we summarize studies that have investigated the microbiome in PSC and PSC-IBD as well as putative mechanisms,including the potential role of metabolites,such as BAs.We then briefly review the evidence for interventions with microbe-altering properties for treating PSC. | Rebecca Little Eytan Wine Binita M Kamath Anne M Griffiths Amanda Ricciuto | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，21： | 5 |
| 4 | Substrate heterogeneity and microfauna in soil organic ‘hotspots' as determinants of nitrogen capture and growth of ryegrass显示文摘 | Bonkowski M Griffiths B and Scrimgeour C | 2000 | Applied Soil Ecology2000，14，： | 2 |
| 5 | Fas ligand-induced apoptosis as a mechanism of immune privilege显示文摘 | Griffith T S Brunner T Fletcher S M | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Microorganisms and heavy metal toxicity 显示文摘 | Gadd G M Griffiths A J | 1978 | Microb Ecol1978，4，： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of temperature and moisture on carbon respired from decomposing woody roots显示文摘 | Chen H Harmon M E Griffiths R P | 2000 | Forest Ecology and Management2000，138，： | 1 |
| 8 | Virtu-alness and Knowledge in Teams:Managing the Love Triangle of Organizations,Individuals,And Information Technology 显示文摘 | GRIFFITH T L SAWYER J E NEALE M A | 2003 | MIS Quarterly2003，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery in adults显示文摘 | Parker M J Handoll H H Griffiths R | 2004 | Coehrane Database Syst Rev2004，18，00： | 1 |
| 10 | RhoC-GTPase is a novel tissue biomarker associated with biologically aggressive carcinomas of the breast显示文摘 | Kleer C G Griffith K A Sabel M S | 2005 | Breast Cancer Res Treat2005，93，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Time-domain analysis of lossy coupled transmission lines显示文摘 | Griffith J R Nakhla M S | 1990 | IEEE Trans on Microwave Theory and Techniques1990，38，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Rapid mivrobiological methods with hazard analysis critical control point显示文摘 | GRIFFITHS M W | 1997 | J AOAC Int1997，80，： | 1 |
| 13 | Characterization of antifreeze activity in antarctic plants显示文摘 | BRAVO L A GRIFFITH M | 2005 | Journal of Experimental Botany2005，56，414： | 1 |
| 14 | Building in vitro models of organs显示文摘 | Suuronen EJ Sheardown H Newman KD McLaughlin CR Griffith M | 2005 | Int Rev Cyto2005，244，： | 1 |
| 15 | An empirical examination of Bradford's law and the scattering of scientific literature显示文摘 | Drott M C Griffith B C | 1978 | Journal of the American Society for Information Science1978，29，5： | 1 |
| 16 | A view of cloud computing显示文摘 | ARMBRUST M FOX A GRIFFITH R | 2010 | Communications of the ACM2010，53，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Learning author-topic models from text corpora显示文摘 | Rosen-Zvi M Chemudugunta C Griffiths T | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Plant responses to water stress显示文摘 | Griffiths H Parry M A J | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 19 | Probabilistic topic models 显示文摘 | Steyvers M Griffiths T L | 2007 | Handbook of Latent Semantic Analysis2007，427，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Addition of rituximab to chemotherapy alone as first-line therapy improves overall survival in elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma显示文摘 | Griffiths R Mikhael J Gleeson M | 2011 | Blood2011，118，18： | 1 |
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