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| 1 | Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori : What should be the gold standard?显示文摘Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in 1983, numerous detection methods for the presence of the bacterium have been developed. Each one of them has been associated with advantages and disadvantages. Noninvasive tests such as serology, 13 C urea breath test(UBT) and stool antigen tests are usually preferred by the clinicians. Serology has its own limitation especially in endemic areas while 13 C UBT is technically very demanding. The stool antigen detection method, although specific, is usually associated with poor sensitivity. The 13 C UBT is believed to be specific, but with present revelation of the fact that stomach is colonized by many other urease producing bacteria makes it questionable. Histology, culture, rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) are the tests which are carried out on antral biopsies collected by invasive means. Histology has been proposed to be very sensitive and specific but the question is how by simply looking the morphology of the bacteria in the microscope, one can claim that the curved bacterium is exclusively H. pylori. Rapid urease test(RUT), the doctor's test, is also challenged because the presence of other urease producing bacteria in the stomach cannot be denied. Moreover, RUT has been reported with poor sensitivity specially, when density of the bacterium is low. Isolation of H. pylori is essential to investigate its growth requirements, antibiotic susceptibility testing, studying virulence factor to develop vaccine and many more explorations. It has also got several disadvantages i.e., special condition for transporting, media, incubation and few days waiting for the colonies to appear, apart from the speed essentially needed to process the specimens. Till date, majority of the microbiological laboratories in the world are not equipped and trained to isolate such fastidious bacterium. The option left is PCR methods to detect H. pylori 's DNA in gastric mucosa, gastric juice, saliva, dental plaques and environmental specimens. There are speculations for false positivity due to detection of non-pylori Helicobacters due to genetic sharing; and false negativity due to low bacterial counts and presence of PCR inhibitors. However, specimen collection, transportation and processing do not require speed and special conditions. PCR based diagnosis may be considered as gold standard by designing primers extremely specific to H. pylori and targeting at least more than one conserved genes. Similarly specificity of PCR may be improved by use of internal Primers. Further, nested PCR will take care of false negatives by countering the effect of PCR inhibitors and low bacterial counts. Therefore, nested PCR based methods if performed properly, may be proposed as gold standard test. | Saurabh Kumar Patel Chandra Bhan Pratap Ashok Kumar Jain Anil Kumar Gulati Gopal Nath | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 30 |
| 2 | Pseudomonas fluorescens-like bacteria from the stomach:A microbiological and molecular study显示文摘AIM:To characterize oxidase-and urease-producing bacterial isolates,grown aerobically,that originated from antral biopsies of patients suffering from acid peptic diseases.METHODS:A total of 258 antral biopsy specimens were subjected to isolation of bacteria followed by tests for oxidase and urease production,acid tolerance and aerobic growth.The selected isolates were further characterized by molecular techniques viz.amplifications for 16S rRNA using universal eubacterial and HSP60 gene specific primers.The amplicons were subjected to restriction analysis and partial sequencing.A phylogenetic tree was generated using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA) from evolutionary distance computed with bootstrap test of phylogeny.Assessment of acidity tolerance of bacteria isolated from antrum was performed using hydrochloric acid from 10-7 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L.RESULTS:Of the 258 antral biopsy specimens collected from patients,179(69.4%) were positive for urease production by rapid urease test and 31%(80/258) yielded typical Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) after 5-7 d of incubation under a microaerophilic environment.A total of 240(93%) antral biopsies yielded homogeneous semi-translucent and small colonies after overnight incubation.The partial 16S rRNA sequences revealed that the isolates had 99% similarity with Pseudomonas species.A phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences denoted that JQ927226 and JQ927227 were likely to be related to Pseudomonas fluorescens(P.fluorescens).On the basis ofHSP60 sequences applied to the UPGMA phylogenetic tree,it was observed that isolated strains in an aerobic environment were likely to be P.fluorescens,and HSP60 sequences had more discriminatory potential rather than 16S rRNA sequences.Interestingly,this bacterium was acid tolerant for hours at low pH.Further,a total of 250(96.9%) genomic DNA samples of 258 biopsy specimens and DNA from 240 bacterial isolates were positive for the 613 bp amplicons by targeting P.fluorescens-specific conserved putative outer membrane protein gene sequences.CONCLUSION:This study indicates that bacterial isolates from antral biopsies grown aerobically were P.fluorescens,and thus acid-tolerant bacteria other than H.pylori can also colonize the stomach and may be implicated in pathogenesis/protection. | Saurabh Kumar Patel Chandra Bhan Pratap Ajay Kumar Verma Ashok Kumar Jain Vinod Kumar Dixit Gopal Nath | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，7： | 4 |
| 3 | Soil and water conservation measures improve soil carbon sequestration and soil quality under cashews显示文摘Land degradation is becoming a serious problem in the west coast region of India where one of the world's eight biodiversity hotspots,the‘Western Ghats’,is present.Poor land management practices and high rainfall have led to increasing problems associated with land degradation.A long-term(13-year)experiment was done to evaluate the impact of soil and water conservation measures on soil carbon sequestration and soil quality at three different depths under cashew nut cultivation on a 19%slope.Five soil and water conservation measures-continuous contour trenches,staggered contour trenches,halfmoon terraces,semi-elliptical trenches,and graded trenches all with vegetative barriers of Stylosanthes scabra and Vetiveria zizanoides and control were evaluated for their influence on soil properties,carbon sequestration,and soil quality under cashews.The soil and water conservation measures improved significantly the soil organic carbon,soil organic carbon stock,carbon sequestration rate and microbial activity compared to the control condition(without any measures).Among the measures tested,continuous contour trenches with vegetative barriers outperformed the others with respect to soil organic carbon stock,sequestration rate,and microbial activity.The lower metabolic quotient with the measures compared to the control indicated alleviation of environmental stress on microbes.Using principal component analysis and a correlation matrix,a minimum dataset was identified as the soil available nitrogen,bulk density,basal soil respiration,soil pH,acid phosphatase activity,and soil available boron and these were the most important soil properties controlling the soil quality.Four soil quality indices using two summation methods(additive and weighted)and two scoring methods(linear and non-linear)were developed using the minimum dataset.A linear weighted soil quality index was able to statistically differentiate the effect of soil and water conservation measures from that of the control.The highest value of the soil quality index of 0.98 was achieved with continuous contour trenches with a vegetative barrier.The results of the study indicate that soil and water conservation measures for cashews are a potential strategy to improve the soil carbon sequestration and soil quality along with improving crop productivity and reducing the erosion losses. | Gopal Ramdas Mahajan Bappa Das Sandrasekaran Manivannan Begur Lakshminarasimha Manjunath Ram Ratan Verma Sujeet Desai Rahul Mukund Kulkarni Ashish Marotrao Latare Reshma Sale Dayesh Murgaonkar Kiran Puna Patel Shaiesh Morajkar Ashwini Desai Natasha Barnes Heena Mulla | 2021 | International Journal of Sediment Research2021，36，2： | 4 |
| 4 | Risk-adjustment in hepatobiliarypancreatic surgery显示文摘AIM: The present study evaluates the performance of the POSSUM, the American Society of Anesthetists (ASA),APACHE and Childs classification in predicting mortality and morbidity in hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) surgery.We describe especially the limitations and advantages of risk in stratifying the patients.METHODS: We investigated 177 randomly chosen patients undergoing eledive complex HPB surgery in a single institution with a total of 71 pre-operative and intra-operative risk factors.Primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality and morbidity.Ordered logistic regression analysis was used to identify individual predictors of operative morbidity and mortality.RESULTS: The operative mortality in the series was 3.95% .This compared well with the p-POSSUM and APACHE predicted mortality of 4.31% and 4.29% respectively. Postoperative complications amounted to 45% with 24 (13.6%)patients having a major adverse event. On multivariate analysis the pre-operative POSSUM physiological score (OR = 1.18,P = 0.009) was superior in predicting complications compared to the ASA (P = 0.108), APACHE (P = 0.117)or Childs classification (P = 0.136). In addition, serum sodium, creatinine, international normalized ratio (INR),pulse rate, and intra-operative blood loss were independent risk factors. A combination of the POSSUM variables and INR offered the optimal combination of risk factors for risk prognostication in HPB surgery.CONCLUSION: Morbidity for elective HPB surgery can be accurately predicted and applied in everyday surgical practice as an adjunct in the process of informed consent and for effective allocation of resources for intensive and high-dependency care facilities. | Hemant M Kocher Paris P Tekkis Palepu Gopal Ameet G Patel Simon Cottam Irving S Benjamin | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，16： | 3 |
| 5 | FIXED POINTS OF α-TYPE F-CONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS WITH AN APPLICATION TO NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION显示文摘In this paper,we introduce new concepts of α-type F-contractive mappings which are essentially weaker than the class of F-contractive mappings given in [21,22] and different from α-GF-contractions given in [8].Then,sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of fixed point are established for these new types of contractive mappings,in the setting of complete metric space.Consequently,the obtained results encompass various generalizations of the Banach contraction principle.Moreover,some examples and an application to nonlinear fractional differential equation are given to illustrate the usability of the new theory. | Dhananjay GOPAL Mujahid ABBAS Deepesh Kumar PATEL Calogero VETRO | 2016 | Acta Mathematica Scientia2016，36，3： | 3 |
| 6 | Helicobacter pylori Is Not Eradicated after Triple Therapy: A Nested PCR Based Study显示文摘 | Saurabh Kumar Patel Girish Narayan Mishra Chandra Bhan Pratap Ashok Kumar Jain Gopal Nath Kathleen Montone | 2014 | BioMed Research International2014，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Use of mixed cultures for the fermentation of cere- al based substrates with potential probiotic properties Process显示文摘 | GOPAL KEDIA RUOHANG WANG HEMANT PATEL | 2007 | Biochemistry2007，42，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Use of mixed cultures for the fermentation of cereal -- based substrateswith potential probiotic properties Process显示文摘 | Gopal Kedia Ruohang Wang Hemant Patel | 2007 | Process Biochemistry2007，，42： | 1 |
| 9 | Biodegradation of beta-cyfluthrin by Pseudomonas stutzeri strain S1显示文摘 | Nirmali Saikia Subrata K. Das Bharat K. C. Patel Ram Niwas Aqbal Singh Madhuban Gopal | 2005 | Biodegradation2005，，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Clues to predict incidental gallbladder cancer显示文摘Background: Consequences of incidental gallbladder cancer(iGBC) following cholecystectomy may include repeat operation(depending on T stage) and worse survival(if bile spillage occurred), both avoidable if iGBC were suspected preoperatively.Methods: A retrospective single-institution review was done. Ultrasound images for cases and controls were blindly reviewed by a radiologist. Chi-square and Student's t tests, as well as logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses were used. A P ≤ 0.01 was considered significant.Results: Among 5796 cholecystectomies performed 2000–2013, 26(0.45%) were iGBC cases. These patients were older(75.61 versus 52.27 years), had more laparoscopic-to-open conversions(23.1% versus3.9%), underwent more imaging tests, had larger common bile duct diameter(7.13 versus 5.04 mm) and higher alkaline phosphatase. Ultrasound imaging showed that gallbladder wall thickening(GBWT) without pericholecystic fluid(PCCF), but not focal-versus-diffuse GBWT, was associated significantly with iGBC(73.9% versus 47.4%). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, GBWT without PCCF, and age were the strongest predictors of iGBC. The consequences iGBC depended significantly on intraoperative bile spillage, with nearly all such patients developing carcinomatosis and significantly worse survival.Conclusions: Besides age, GBWT, dilated common bile duct, and elevated alkaline phosphatase, number of preoperative imaging modalities and the presence of GBWT without PCCF are useful predictors of iGBC.Bile spillage causes poor survival in patients with iGBC. | Naeem Goussous Hadia Maqsood Kalpesh Patel Hamid Ferdosi Naseem Muhammad Anne M.Sill Gopal C.Kowdley Steven C.Cunningham | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Biodegradation of beta-cyfluthrin by Pseudomonas stutzeri strain S1 显示文摘 | Saikia N Das SK Patel BKC Niwas R Singh A Gopal M | 2005 | Biodegradation2005，16，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Frequently Used Allopathic and Traditional Medicine for COVID-19 Treatment and Feasibility of Their Integration显示文摘To date,no satisfactory treatment for COVID-19 is available.This review reported few recent updates regarding the drugs(allopathy/traditional medicines)used for the treatment of COVID-19 concerning clinical studies.Content of the article spotlight the contribution of allopathic and Ayurvedic drugs to the scientific basis for utilization as a potential therapy against COVID-19 infection and provide new insights on the integration of allopathy and traditional medicine.It advocated the combination of these two systems of treatment will ascertain their integrations,and there would be a good possibility and scope for developing a model of integration in the management of COVID-19.Provided discussion may help researchers,physicians,and healthcare policymakers to encourage for effective and integrated use of allopathic and Ayurvedic medicines to control the COVID-19 pandemic more effectively. | Aditya Upadhayay Gopal Patel Dharm Pal Awanish Kumar | 2022 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2022，28，11： | 0 |
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