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| 1 | The PI3K/AKT Pathway and Renal Cell Carcinoma显示文摘The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway is genetically targeted in more pathway components and in more tumor types than any other growth factor signaling pathway,and thus is frequently activated as a cancer driver.More importantly,the PI3K/AKT pathway is composed of multiple bifurcating and converging kinase cascades,providing many potential targets for cancer therapy.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is a high-risk and high-mortality cancer that is notoriously resistant to traditional chemotherapies or radiotherapies.The PI3K/AKT pathway is modestly mutated but highly activated in RCC,representing a promising drug target.Indeed,PI3 K pathway inhibitors of the rapalog family are approved for use in RCC.Recent large-scale integrated analyses of a large number of patients have provided a molecular basis for RCC,reiterating the critical role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in this cancer.In this review,we summarize the genetic alterations of the PI3K/AKT pathway in RCC as indicated in the latest large-scale genome sequencing data,as well as treatments for RCC that target the aberrant activated PI3K/AKT pathway. | Huifang Guo Peter German Shanshan Bai Sean Barnes Wei Guo Xiangjie Qi Hongxiang Lou Jiyong Liang Eric Jonasch Gordon B.Mills Zhiyong Ding | 2015 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2015，42，7： | 39 |
| 2 | An Anthropomorphic Robot Hand Developed Based on Underactuated Mechanism and Controlled by EMG Signals显示文摘When developing a humanoid myo-control hand,not only the mechanical structure should be considered to afford a highdexterity,but also the myoelectric (electromyography,EMG) control capability should be taken into account to fully accomplishthe actuation tasks.This paper presents a novel humanoid robotic myocontrol hand (AR hand Ⅲ) which adopted an underac-tuated mechanism and a forearm myocontrol EMG method.The AR hand Ⅲ has five fingers and 15 joints,and actuated by threeembedded motors.Underactuation can be found within each finger and between the rest three fingers (the middle finger,the ringfinger and the little finger) when the hand is grasping objects.For the EMG control,two specific methods are proposed:thethree-fingered hand gesture configuration of the AR hand Ⅲ and a pattern classification method of EMG signals based on astatistical learning algorithm-Support Vector Machine (SVM).Eighteen active hand gestures of a testee are recognized ef-fectively,which can be directly mapped into the motions of AR hand Ⅲ.An on-line EMG control scheme is established basedon two different decision functions:one is for the discrimination between the idle and active modes,the other is for the recog-nition of the active modes.As a result,the AR hand Ⅲ can swiftly follow the gesture instructions of the testee with a time delayless than 100 ms. | Da-peng Yang~1 Jing-dong Zhao~1 Yi-kun Gu~1 Xin-qing Wang~1 Nan Li~1 Li Jiang~1Hong Liu~(1,2) Hai Huang~3 Da-wei Zhao~41.State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,P.R.China2.Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics,German Aerospace Center,Munich 82230,Germany3.College of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,P.R.China4.College of Automation,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,P.R.China | 2009 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2009，6，3： | 16 |
| 3 | 金属注射成形(MIM)生产工艺与应用概要显示文摘粉末注射成形(PIM)包括金属注射成形(MIM)与陶瓷注射成形(CIM),是一种新兴的零部件制造工艺,其2010年的销售额超过15亿美元。介绍了MIM的市场概况,MIM工艺的发展历史、生产过程和适用材料;并重点介绍了典型MIM零件生产实例。 | R M German | 2015 | 粉末冶金工业2015，25，5： | 8 |
| 4 | Endoscopic submucosal dissection in dogs in a World Gastroenterology Organisation training center显示文摘AIM: To evaluate if canine models are appropriate for teaching endoscopy fellows the techniques of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS: ESD was performed in 10 canine models under general anesthesia, on artificial lesions of the esophagus or stomach marked with coagulation points. After ESD, each canine model was euthanized and surgical resection of the esophagus or stomach was carried out according to 'The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, Russel and Burch'. The ESD specimens were fixed with needles on cork submerged in a formol solution with the esophagus or stomach, and delivered to the pathology department to be analyzed. RESULTS: ESD was completed without complications using the Hook-knife in five esophageal areas, with a procedural duration of 124 ± 19 min, a length of 27.4 ± 2.6 mm and a width of 21 ± 2.4 mm. ESD was also completed without complications using the IT-knife2 in five gastric areas, with a procedural duration of 92.6 ± 19 min, a length of 32 ± 2.5 mm and a width of 18 ± 3.7 mm. CONCLUSION: ESD is feasible in the normal esopha- gus and stomach of canine models, which are appropriate for teaching this technique. | Miguel A Tanimoto Gonzalo Torres-Villalobos Rikiya Fujita Patricio Santillan-Doherty Jorge Albores-Saavedra German Gutierrez Luis A Martin-del-Campo Carlos Bravo-Reyna Octavio Villanueva Jose J Villalobos Misael Uribe Miguel A Valdovinos | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，14： | 7 |
| 5 | Pregnancies established through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using spermatozoa with dysplasia of fibrous sheath显示文摘Aim: Dysplasia of the fibrous sheath (DFS) is an anomaly found in asthenozoospermic patients with extremely low or absent motility. In order to determine the efficacy of ICSI in these patients, a retrospective analysis of ICSI results in DFS patients has been done. Methods: Ten ICSI attempts were performed in 6 patients with diagnosis of Dysplasia of the Fibrous Sheath studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Results: In the cases studied, sperm concentration was (29.62 _+ 18.05) x 106/mL, total motility was 1.14 _+ 1.31%. Progressive motility was 0% except for one case with 0.1%. One hundred and three preovulatory oocytes were obtained and 94 metaphase 11 oocytes were injected. Sixty-nine of them showed two pronuclei (fertilization rate: 73.4% ). Forty-nine embryos were obtained and 34 were transferred (mean: 3.4 embryos per transfer). Five pregnancies were diagnosed by β-hCG plasma level determinations that resulted to be one preclinical abortion, one clinical abortion and three deliveries. Another pregnancy (ongoing) was achieved from a cryopreserved embryo transfer. Conclusion: These results showed that ICSI provides a suitable solution for patients suffering from irreversible sperm defects such as DFS. Nevertheless, it is mandatory to inform couples of possible transmission risks to offspring, which are unknown at present. Only when the etiology of this problem is disclosed, it will be possible to assess the real genetic risk. | Santiago Brugo Olmedo Vanesa Y.Rawe Florencia N.Nodar German D.Galavema Anibal A.Acosta Hector E.Chemes | 2000 | Asian Journal of Andrology2000，2，2： | 7 |
| 6 | COHERENT, REGULAR AND SIMPLE SYSTEMS IN ZERO DECOMPOSITIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS显示文摘This paper studies triangular differential systems arising from various decompositions of partial differential polynomial systems. In theoretical aspects, we emphasizeon translating differential problems into purely algebraic ones. Rosenfeld’s lemma is extended to a more general setting; relations between passivity and coherence are clarified;regular systems and simple systems are generalized and proposed, respectively. In algorithmic aspects, we review the Ritt-Wu and Seidenberg algorithms, and outline a methodfor decomposing a differential polynomial system into simple ones. Some applications arealso discussed. | LI Ziming(Institute Of Algorithms and Scientific Computing, German National Research Centerfor Information Technology, D-52754 Sankt Augustin, Germany)WANG Dongming(LEIBNIZ-IMAG, 46, Avenue Felix Viallet,38031 Grenoble Cedex, France) | 1999 | Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences1999，12，S1： | 7 |
| 7 | Tough and tunable adhesion of hydrogels:experiments and models显示文摘As polymer networks infiltrated with water, hydrogels are major constituents of animal and plant bodies and have diverse engineering applications. While natural hydrogels can robustly adhere to other biological materials, such as bonding of tendons and cartilage on bones and adhesive plaques of mussels, it is challenging to achieve such tough adhesions between synthetic hydrogels and engineering materials. Recent experiments show that chemically anchoring long-chain polymer networks of tough synthetic hydrogels on solid surfaces create adhesions tougher than their natural counterparts, but the underlying mechanism has not been well understood. It is also challenging to tune systematically the adhesion of hydrogels on solids. Here, we provide a quantitative understanding of the mechanism for tough adhesions of hydrogels on solid materials via a combination of experiments, theory, and numerical simulations.Using a coupled cohesive-zone and Mullins-effect model validated by experiments, we reveal the interplays of intrinsic work of adhesion, interfacial strength, and energy dissipation in bulk hydrogels in order to achieve tough adhesions. We further show that hydrogel adhesion can be systematically tuned by tailoring the hydrogel geometry and silanization time of solid substrates, corresponding to the control of energy dissipation zone and intrinsic work of adhesion, respectively.The current work further provides a theoretical foundation for rational design of future biocompatible and underwater adhesives. | Teng Zhang Hyunwoo Yuk Shaoting Lin German A.Parada Xuanhe Zhao | 2017 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2017，33，3： | 6 |
| 8 | 新疆植物区系新资料(英文)显示文摘报道了采自新疆阿尔泰山地区的1个中国新记录属假糖芥属Rhammatophyllum O. E. Schulz, 6个中国新记录种——渐尖岩蕨Woodsia acuminata (Fomin) Sipl.、短命繁缕Stellaria alsinoides Boiss. & Buhse、假糖芥Rh. erysimoides (Kar. & Kir.) Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel、克氏鹤虱Lappula krylovii Ovczinnikova, A. I. Pjak & A. L. Ebel、肝色柳穿鱼Linaria hepatica Bunge和佐氏新缬草Valerianella szovitsiana Fisch. & Mey.。 | Dmitry A. GERMAN Alexander I. SHMAKOV 张宪春 陈文俐 Sergey V. SMIRNOV 谢磊 Rudolph V. KAMELIN 王健 | 2006 | 植物分类学报2006，44，5： | 6 |
| 9 | Cytokine production in patients with cirrhosis and TLR4 polymorphisms显示文摘AIM:To analyze the cytokine production by peripheral blood cells from cirrhotic patients with and without TLR4 D299G and/or T399I polymorphisms.METHODS:The study included nine patients with cirrhosis and TLR4 D299G and/or T399I polymorphisms,and 10 wild-type patients matched for age,sex and degree of liver failure.TLR4 polymorphisms were determined by sequence-based genotyping.Cytokine production by peripheral blood cells was assessed spontaneously and also after lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and lipoteichoic acid(LTA)stimulation.RESULTS:Patients with TLR4 polymorphisms had a higher incidence of previous hepatic encephalopathy than wild-type patients(78%vs 20%,P=0.02).Spontaneous production of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 was lower in patients with TLR4 polymorphisms than in wild-type patients[IL-6:888.7(172.0-2119.3)pg/m L vs 5540.4(1159.2-26053.9)pg/m L,P<0.001;IL-10:28.7(6.5-177.1)pg/m L vs 117.8(6.5-318.1)pg/m L,P=0.02].However,the production of tumor necrosis factor-α,IL-6 and IL-10 after LPS and LTA stimulation was similar in the two groups.CONCLUSION:TLR4 polymorphisms were associated with a distinctive pattern of cytokine production in cirrhotic patients,suggesting that they play a role in the development of cirrhosis complications. | Juan Camilo Nieto Elisabet Sánchez Eva Román Silvia Vidal Laia Oliva Carlos Guarner-Argente Maria Poca Xavier Torras Cándido Juárez Carlos Guarner German Soriano | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 5 |
| 10 | Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes mixed with increasing doses of Salix babylonica extract on in vitro rumen gas production kinetics of a mixture of corn silage with concentrate显示文摘An in vitro gas production(GP) technique was used to investigate the effects of combining different doses of Salix babylonica extract(SB) with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes(EZ) based on xylanase(X) and cellulase(C), or their mixture(XC; 1:1 v/v) on in vitro fermentation characteristics of a total mixed ration of corn silage and concentrate mixture(50:50, w/w) as substrate. Four levels of SB(0, 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 m L g–1 dry matter(DM)) and four supplemental styles of EZ(1 μL g–1 DM; control(no enzymes), X, C and XC(1:1, v/v) were used in a 4×4 factorial arrangement. In vitro GP(m L g–1 DM) were recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h of incubation. After 72 h, the incubation process was stopped and supernatant p H was determined, and then filtered to determine dry matter degradability(DMD). Fermentation parameters, such as the 24 h gas yield(GY24), in vitro organic matter digestibility(OMD), metabolizable energy(ME), short chain fatty acid concentrations(SCFA), and microbial crude protein production(MCP) were also estimated. Results indicated that there was a SB?EZ interaction(P<0.0001) for the asymptotic gas production(b), the rate of gas production(c), GP from 6 to 72 h, GP2(P=0.0095), and GP4(P=0.02). The SB and different combination of enzymes supplementation influenced(P<0.001) in vitro GP parameters after 12 h of incubation; the highest doses of SB(i.e., 1.8 m L g–1 DM), in the absence of any EZ, quadratically increased(P<0.05) the initial delay before GP begins(L) and GP at different incubation times, with lowering b(quadratic effect, P<0.0001) and c(quadratic effect, P<0.0001; linear effect, P=0.0018). The GP was the lowest(P<0.05) when the highest SB level was combined with cellulose. There were SB?EZ interactions(P<0.001) for OMD, ME, the partitioning factor at 72 h of incubation(PF72), GY24, SCFA, MCP(P=0.0143), and p H(P=0.0008). The OMD, ME, GY24 and SCFA with supp lementation of SB extract at 1.8 m L g–1 DM were higher(P<0.001) than the other treatments, however,PF72 was lower(quadratic effect, P=0.0194) than the other levels. Both C and X had no effect(P>0.05) on OMD, p H, ME, GY24, SCFA and MP. The combination of SB with EZ increased(P<0.001) OMD, ME, SCFA, PF72 and GP24, whereas there was no impact on p H. It could be concluded that addition of SB extract, C, and X effectively improved the in vitro rumen fermentation, and the combination of enzyme with SB extract at the level of 1.2 m L g–1 was more effective than the other treatments. | Abdelfattah Z M Salem German Buendía-Rodríguez Mona M M Elghandour María A Mariezcurrena Berasain Francisco J Pea Jiménez Alberto B Pliego Juan C V Chagoyán María A Cerrillo Miguel A Rodríguez | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Global variance reduction method for global Monte Carlo particle transport simulations of CFETR显示文摘It can be difficult to calculate some under-sampled regions in global Monte Carlo radiation transport calculations. The global variance reduction(GVR) method is a useful solution to the problem of variance reduction everywhere in a phase space. In this research, a GVR procedure was developed and applied to the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor(CFETR). A cylindrical CFETR model was utilized for comparing various implementations of the GVR method to find the optimum.It was found that the flux-based GVR method could ensure more reliable statistical results, achieving an efficiency being 7.43 times that of the analog case. A mesh tally of the scalar neutron flux was chosen for the GVR method to simulate global neutron transport in the CFETR model.Particles distributed uniformly in the system were sampled adequately through ten iterations of GVR weight window.All voxels were scored, and the average relative error was 2.4% in the ultimate step of the GVR iteration. | Xing-Chen Nie Jia Li Song-Lin Liu Xiao-Kang Zhang Ping-Hui Zhao Min-You Ye German Vogel Xiao Yang Qing-Jun Zhu | 2017 | Nuclear Science and Techniques2017，28，8： | 4 |
| 12 | 中东呼吸综合征疫情由韩国传入中国不同城市风险的回顾性评估与探讨显示文摘2015年5月20日,韩国报告了首例实验室确诊的中东呼吸综合征(MERS)病例,并发生了中东地区之外最大规模的MERS暴发疫情,导致中国出现了由韩国传入的首例MERS病例.为了解中国不同城市的MERS疫情传入风险,本研究分析了全球和韩国的MERS疫情流行情况,并基于2014年6月韩国民用航空客运数据,回顾性评估了韩国来华旅客的目的地城市和可能出现输入性疫情的相对概率.截至2015年9月2日,全球26个国家共报告了1542例实验室确诊的MERS病例,其中韩国报告185例.2014年6月从韩国离境的民航旅客为1978647人次,其中697992人(35.3%)抵达中国内地和香港、澳门特别行政区.入境主要机场分布在上海、香港、北京和青岛等城市.假设韩国MERS疫情发生期间的人群出行模式与2014年6月相同且来自疫区的民航旅客人数与MERS疫情从韩国传入中国的可能性存在关联,则韩国MERS暴发期间有1例MERS病毒感染者乘民航班机来华,其出现在中国珠三角地区城市(香港、广州、深圳和澳门)的概率最高(23.2%),其次为长三角地区(21.6%)以及北京周边(15.5%)和山东境内(12.2%)的城市.研究表明,中国不同地区出现通过民航客运传入的MERS疫情的风险有所不同,中国可有针对性地在重点入境口岸和主要目的地城市加强监测,以尽早发现病例. | 耿梦杰 KHAN Kamran 任翔 GERMAN Matthew CREATORE Maria I. 王丽萍 李中杰 高福 赖圣杰 余宏杰 | 2016 | 科学通报2016，61，9： | 4 |
| 13 | Solid phase microextraction chemical biopsy tool for monitoring of doxorubicin residue during in vivo lung chemo-perfusion显示文摘Development of a novel in vivo lung perfusion(IVLP)procedure allows localized delivery of high-dose doxorubicin(DOX)for targeting residual micrometastatic disease in the lungs.However,DOX delivery via IVLP requires careful monitoring of drug level to ensure tissue concentrations of this agent remain in the therapeutic window.A small dimension nitinol wire coated with a sorbent of biocompatible morphology(Bio-SPME)has been clinically evaluated for in vivo lung tissue extraction and determination of DOX and its key metabolites.The in vivo Bio-SPME-IVLP experiments were performed on pig model over various(150 and 225 mg/m^(2))drug doses,and during human clinical trial.Two patients with metastatic osteosarcoma were treated with a single 5 and 7 μg/mL(respectively)dose of DOX during a 3-h IVLP.In both pig and human cases,DOX tissue levels presented similar trends during IVLP.Human lung tissue concentrations of drug ranged between 15 and 293 μg/g over the course of the IVLP procedure.In addition to DOX levels,Bio-SPME followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis generated 64 metabolic features during endogenous metabolite screening,providing information about lung status during drug administration.Real-time monitoring of DOX levels in the lungs can be performed effectively throughout the IVLP procedure by in vivo Bio-SPME chemical biopsy approach.Bio-SPME also extracted various endogenous molecules,thus providing a real-time snapshot of the physiology of the cells,which might assist in the tailoring of personalized treatment strategy. | Barbara Bojko Nikita Looby Mariola Olkowicz Anna Roszkowska Bogumiła Kupcewicz Pedro Reck dos Santos Khaled Ramadan Shaf Keshavjee Thomas K.Waddell German Goomez-Rios Marcos Tascon Krzysztof Gorynski Marcelo Cypel Janusz Pawliszyn | 2021 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2021，11，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Landing noise of aircraft based on the fly-over measurements with a planar microphone array显示文摘A large planar microphone array, which consists of 111 microphones, was successfully developed. The positions of 111 microphones in the array were determined by a random optimization procedure for the largest possible amplification and dynamic range. The beam pattern of planar array was obtained by numerical calculation. This planar array was applied to measure a two-dimensional mapping of the sound sources on landing aircraft. It is shown that important airframe noise sources can be identified. The spectra and directivity of any interested noise source can also be obtained by this measurement. | QIAO Weiyang (Aero-engine Department of Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710072) Ulf Michel (Turbulence Research Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR) Berlin 10623) | 2002 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2002，21，1： | 3 |
| 15 | 中国产品的质量与形象——影响因素分析显示文摘过去20年,中国产品质量的形象一直是个广受讨论的话题。随着全球对产品质量标准化和认证的关注,中国也成为了"世界工厂",这一问题更加引人注目。本文首先讨论了在评估产品质量和形象方面应该考虑的重要因素,然后分析了中国产品质量形象不佳的原因;本文也讨论了中国在提高产品质量方面所做的努力,最后通过一个调查分析具体说明中国产品在外国人眼中的形象。 | GERMAN ALFREDO BLANCO | 2012 | 科技致富向导2012，，12： | 3 |
| 16 | Therapeutic resistance in cancer: microRNA regulation of EGFR signaling networks显示文摘Receptor tyrosine kinases(RTKs)such as the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)regulate cellular homeostatic processes.EGFR activates downstream signaling cascades that promote tumor cell survival,proliferation and migration.Dysregulation of EGFR signaling as a consequence of overexpression,amplification and mutation of the EGFR gene occurs frequently in several types of cancers and many become dependent on EGFR signaling to maintain their malignant phenotypes.Consequently,concerted efforts have been mounted to develop therapeutic agents and strategies to effectively inhibit EGFR.However,limited therapeutic benefits to cancer patients have been derived from EGFR-targeted therapies.A well-documented obstacle to improved patient survival is the presence of EGFR-inhibitor resistant tumor cell variants within heterogeneous tumor cell masses.Here,we summarize the mechanisms by which tumors resist EGFR-targeted therapies and highlight the emerging role of microRNAs(miRs)as downstream effector molecules utilized by EGFR to promote tumor initiation,progression and that play a role in resistance to EGFR inhibitors.We also examine evidence supporting the utility of miRs as predictors of response to targeted therapies and novel therapeutic agents to circumvent EGFR-inhibitor resistance mechanisms. | German G.Gomez Jill Wykosky Ciro Zanca Frank B.Furnari Webster K.Cavenee | 2013 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2013，10，4： | 3 |
| 17 | 粉末注射成形与液相烧结科学基础的建立显示文摘就固-液-孔隙系统的流变学特性而言,粉末注射成形与液相烧结具有同样特点。粉末注射成形起始于1930年代,而金属粉末的液相烧结大体上也可溯源于同一时代。这2种工艺都对粘度和固体含量与温度的关系高度敏感,但都有所不同。因此,提出了一个包括应变速率、颗粒大小、固体含量等因素及颗粒结合程度的模型。在液相烧结中,固体在液体中的溶解度通过颗粒结合影响与时间相关的粘度。同样,在粉末注射成形中,长聚合物的缠结影响与时间相关的粘度。粉末注射成形与液相烧结二者的相似之处,在于都能够将流变学特性模型用于计算机模拟。 | Randall M. German 韩凤麟(译) | 2008 | 粉末冶金技术2008，26，2： | 2 |
| 18 | GOECP/SEOR radiotheraphy guidelines for non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. Only 17% of patients are diagnosed at an early stage. Treatment is multidisciplinary and radiotherapy plays a key role in all stages of the disease. More than 50% of patients with NSCLC are treated with radiotherapy(curative-intent or palliative). Technological advancesincluding highly conformal radiotherapy techniques, new immobilization and respiratory control systems, and precision image verification systems-allow clinicians to individualize treatment to maximize tumor control while minimizing treatment-related toxicity. Novel therapeutic regimens such as moderate hypofractionation and advanced techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) have reduced the number of radiotherapy sessions. The integration of SBRT into routine clinical practice has radically altered treatment of early-stage disease. SBRT also plays an increasingly important role in oligometastatic disease. The aim of the present guidelines is to review the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of localized, locally-advanced, and metastatic NSCLC. We review the main radiotherapy techniques and clarify the role of radiotherapy in routine clinical practice. These guidelines are based on the best available evidence. The level and grade of evidence supporting each recommendation is provided. | Nuria Rodriguez De Dios Arturo Navarro-Martin Cristina Cigarral Rodolfo Chicas-Sett Rafael Garcia Virginia Garcia Jose Antonio Gonzalez Susana Gonzalo Mauricio Murcia-Mejia Rogelio Robaina Amalia Sotoca Carmen Vallejo German Valtuena Felipe Counago | 2022 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2022，13，4： | 2 |
| 19 | The effects of Spirulina on anemia and immune function in senior citizens显示文摘Anemia and immunological dysfunction(i.e.immunosenescence)are commonly found in older subjects and nutritional approaches are sought to counteract these phenomena.Spirulina is a filamentous and multicellular bule-green alga capable of reducing inflammation and also manifesting antioxidant effects.We hypothesized that Spirulina may ameliorate anemia and immunosenescence in senior citizens with a history of anemia.We enrolled 40 volunteers of both sexes with an age of 50 years or older who had no history of major chronic diseases.Participants took a Spirulina supplementation for 12 weeks and were administered comprehensive dietary questionnaires to determine their nutritional regimen during the study.Complete cell count(CCC)and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)enzyme activity,as a sign of immune function,were determined at baseline and weeks 6 and 12 of supplementation.Thirty study participants completed the entire study and the data obtained were analyzed.Over the 12-week study period,there was a steady increase in average values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin in subjects of both sexes.In addition,mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration also increased in male participants.Older women appeared to benefit more rapidly from Spirulina supplements.Similarly,the majority of subjects manifested increased IDO activity and white blood cell count at 6 and 12 weeks of Spirulina supplementation.Spirulina may ameliorate anemia and immunosenescence in older subjects.We encourage large human studies to determine whether this safe supplement could prove beneficial in randomized clinical trials. | Carlo Selmi Patrick SC Leung Laura Fischer Bruce German Chen-Yen Yang Thomas P Kenny Gerry R Cysewski M Eric Gershwin | 2011 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2011，8，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Mercury uptake and effects on growth in Jatropha curcas显示文摘The use of metal-accumulating plants for the phytoremediation of contaminated soils is gaining more attention. Mercury(Hg)-contaminated soils from historical gold mines represent a potential risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, Jatropha curcas plant, that has shown its tolerance to these environments, is a species of particular interest to implement phytoremediation techniques in gold mining sites. In this work, the behavior of J. curcas was assessed in different hydroponic cultures fortified with Hg at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg Hg/mL(T5, T10, T20, T40 and T80, respectively). After exposure,plant growth, net photosynthesis, leaf area, and Hg accumulation were determined and variables such as net Hg uptake, effective Hg accumulation, translocation and bioaccumulation factors were calculated. Accumulation of Hg in root and leaf tissues increased with respect to the Hg concentrations in the hydroponic culture, with statistically significant differences(p < 0.05) among treatments. Moreover, Hg concentration in roots was 7 and 12-fold higher in average than in plant leaves and shoots, respectively. Many effects were found in the development of plants, especially related with loss of biomass and leaf area,with significant growth inhibition related to control values(> 50% with treatment T5).Moreover, percentage of inhibition was even higher(> 60%) with same treatment for net photosynthesis. Finally, it should be highlighted that for T40 and T80 treatments, plant growth and photosynthesis were almost completely depleted(88%–95%). | Jose Marrugo-Negrete Jose Durango-Hernandez Jose Pinedo-Hernandez German Enamorado-Montes Sergi Diez | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，10： | 2 |
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