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| 1 | ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling: genetics, genomics and mechanisms显示文摘用 ATP 水解作用的精力调整染色质结构的 Macromolecular 集会在开发,癌症,和干细胞生物学有关键角色。这个家庭的 ATPases 被 27 人的基因编码并且通常与稳定的几另外的蛋白质被联系,非可交换的子单元。这些建筑群使用的一基本机制被认为是 nucleosomes 的运动或交换调整抄写。然而,最近的基因研究显示染色质 remodelers 可以也涉及在许多细胞的过程期间调整染色质结构的另外的方面。SWI/SNF 家庭特别地看起来在子单元作文和与多细胞体和连接 histones 的外观的进化来临重合的机制经历了一个实质的变化。哺乳动物的 BAF 子单元的这更大的差异的微分用法为特定的房间命运的发展是必要的,包括到到承诺的神经原的 multipotency 的从 pluripotency 的前进。最近的人的基因屏幕表明了 BRG1, ARID1A, BAF155,和 hSNF5 经常在肿瘤被变异,显示 BAF 建筑群也起在癌症的开始或前进的一个关键作用。在开发和癌症为 BAF 和另外的染色质 remodelers 位于基因要求下面的机械学的库是相对未经勘探的并且将是这评论的一个焦点。 | Diana C Hargreaves Gerald R Crabtree | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，3： | 51 |
| 2 | Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into chromosomal DNA during acute hepatitis B显示文摘AIM: To examine the serum from black African patients with acute hepatitis B to ascertain if integrants of viral DNA can be detected in fragments of cellular DNA leaking from damaged hepatocytes into the circulation.METHODS: DNA was extracted from the sera of five patients with uncomplicated acute hepatitis B and one with fulminant disease. Two subgenomic PCRs designed to amplify the complete genome of HBV were used and the resulting amplicons were cloned and sequenced.RESULTS: HBV and chromosomal DNA were amplified from the sera of all the patients. In one patient with uncomplicated disease, HBV DNA was integrated into host chromosome 7 q11.23 in the WBSCR1 gene. The viral DNA comprised 200 nucleotides covering the S and X genes in opposite orientation, with a 1 169 nudeotide deletion. The right virus/host junction was situated at nucleotide 1774 in the cohesive overlap region of the viral genome, at a preferred topoisomerase I cleavage motif. The chromosomal DNA was not rearranged.The patient made a full recovery and seroconverted to anti-HBs- and anti-HBe-positivity. Neither HBV nor chromosomal DNA could be amplified from his serum at that time.CONCLUSION: Integration of viral DNA into chromosomal DNA may occur rarely during acute hepatitis B and, with clonal propagation of the integrant, might play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis. | Gerald C Kimbi Anna Kramvis Michael C Kew | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，41： | 11 |
| 3 | Strategies to improve fiber utilization in swine显示文摘Application of feed processing methods and use of exogenous feed additives in an effort to improve nutrient digestibility of plant-based feed ingredients for swine has been studied for decades. The following review will discuss several of these topics, including: fiber characterization, impact of dietary fiber on gastrointestinal physiology, energy, and nutrient digestibility, mechanical processing of feed on fiber and energy digestibility, and the use of exogenous enzymes in diets fed to growing pigs. Taken together, the diversity and concentration of chemical characteristics that exists among plant-based feed ingredients, as well as interactions among constituents within feed ingredients and diets, suggests that improvements in nutrient digestibility and pig performance from mechanical processing or adding exogenous enzymes to diets fed to swine depends on a better understanding of these characteristics, but also relating enzyme activity to targeted substrates. It may be that an enzyme must not only match a target substrate(s), but there may also need to be a 0 cocktail 0 of enzymes to effectively breakdown the complex matrixes of fibrous carbohydrates, such that the negative impact of these compounds on nutrient digestibility or voluntary feed intake are alleviated. With the inverse relationship between fiber content and energy digestibility being well described for several feed ingredients, it is only logical that development of processing techniques or enzymes that degrade fiber, and thereby improve energy digestibility or voluntary feed intake, will be both metabolically and economically beneficial to pork production. | Brian J Kerr Gerald C Shurson | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，2： | 3 |
| 4 | 氯硝柳胺悬浮剂杀灭曼氏血吸虫中间宿主光滑双脐螺效果观察显示文摘目的观察氯硝柳胺悬浮剂(SCN)对光滑双脐螺的杀灭效果。方法用SCN、50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN)和氯硝柳胺原药分别配制成药物有效浓度为1.000、0.500、0.250、0.125 mg/L和0.063 mg/L的溶液,在实验室浸泡光滑双脐螺成螺,计算LC50。采用上述3种剂型的氯硝柳胺分别配制成药物有效浓度为0.500、0.250、0.125、0.063mg/L和0.032 mg/L的溶液,浸泡螺卵,计算LC50。结果将成螺浸泡在SCN、WPN和氯硝柳胺溶液中,24 h LC50分别为0.218、0.218 mg/L和0.203 mg/L;48 h LC50分别为0.189、0.203 mg/L和0.189 mg/L;72 h LC50分别为0.165、0.218 mg/L和0.177 mg/L。将螺卵浸泡在SCN、WPN和氯硝柳胺溶液中,24 h LC50分别为0.153、0.173 mg/L和0.171 mg/L;48 hLC50分别为0.085、0.096 mg/L和0.155 mg/L;72 h LC50分别为0.077、0.097 mg/L和0.087 mg/L。结论SCN对光滑双脐螺成螺和螺卵均具有与WPN和原药相同的杀灭效果。 | 戴建荣 汪伟 李洪军 陶永辉 Gerald C Coles 梁幼生 | 2009 | 中国血吸虫病防治杂志2009，21，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Evaluating the quality of feed fats and oils and their effects on pig growth performance显示文摘Feed fats and oils provide significant amounts of energy to swine diets, but there is large variation in composition,quality, feeding value, and price among sources. Common measures of lipid quality include moisture, insolubles,and unsaponifiables(MIU), titer, and free fatty acid content, but provide limited information regarding their feeding value. Lipid peroxidation is an important quality factor related to animal growth performance and health, but maximum tolerable limits in various lipids have not been established. Several indicative assays can be used to detect the presence of various peroxidation compounds, but due to the complexity and numerous compounds produced and degraded during peroxidation process, no single method can adequately determine the extent of peroxidation. Until further information is available, using a combination of peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), and anisidine value appear to provide a reasonable assessment of the extent of peroxidation in a lipid at a reasonable cost. However, fatty acid composition of the lipid being evaluated should be considered when selecting specific assays. Predictive tests can also be used to estimate the stability or susceptibility of lipids to peroxidation and include active oxygen method, oil stability index, and oxygen bomb method. A review of 16 published studies with pigs has shown an average decrease of 11.4% in growth rate, 8.8% feed intake fed isocaloric diets containing peroxidized lipids compared to diets containing unperoxidized lipids of the same source.Furthermore, serum vitamin E content was generally reduced and serum TBARS content was increased when peroxidized lipids were fed in these studies, suggesting that feeding peroxidized lipids negatively affects metabolic oxidative status of pigs. However, it is unclear if antioxidants are useful additions to lipids to maintain optimal nutritional value, or if their addition to swine diets is beneficial in overcoming a metabolic oxidative challenge. | Gerald C Shurson Brian J Kerr Andrea R Hanson | 2016 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2016，7，3： | 3 |
| 6 | 基于颜色特征的含黄曲霉毒素玉米颗粒的检出方法显示文摘为快速准确识别出感染黄曲霉毒素的玉米颗粒,基于黄曲霉毒素在365 nm紫外光照射下可发出黄绿色荧光(bright greenish-yellow fluorescence,BGYF)的特性,提出了一种以颜色为特征量的感染毒素颗粒的检出方法。首先针对同一组玉米颗粒样本分别获取其在紫外光和可见光下的2幅图像,对可见光图像进行二值化、颗粒区域填充等预处理操作,得到玉米颗粒的轮廓与位置信息;然后将进行彩色增强后的紫外光图像与预处理后的可见光图像掩膜;最后在掩膜图像中通过RGB模型中G通道下的阈值作为分割参数识别玉米颗粒上的感染区域。结果表明,所提出的识别方法对能够发出荧光的含黄曲霉菌玉米颗粒识别准确率达到84%以上,对含有黄曲霉毒素的正确检出率可达77.8%以上,能够达到区分检测的要求。 | 褚璇 王伟 Lawrence Kurt C Ni Xinzhi Heitschmidt Gerald W 张楠楠 彭彦昆 | 2015 | 中国粮油学报2015，30，4： | 2 |
| 7 | DBP formation during chloramination 显示文摘 | Diehl Alicia C Speitel Jr Gerald E Symons James M | 2000 | American Water Works Association2000，92，6： | 2 |
| 8 | Origin and therapy for hypertriglyceridaemia in type 2 diabetes显示文摘Hypertriglyceridaemia(HTG) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD) in type 2 diabetes and is caused by the interaction of genes and non-genetic factors, specifically poor glycaemic control and obesity. In spite of statin treatment, residual risk of CVD remains high in type 2 diabetes, and this may relate to HTG and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Treatment of HTG emphasises correcting secondary factors and adverse lifestyles, in particular, diet and exercise. Pharmacotherapy is also required in most type 2 diabetic patients. Statins are the first-line therapy to achieve recommended therapeutic targets of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Fibrates, ezetimibe and n-3 fatty acids are adjunctive treatment options for residual and persistent HTG. Evidence for the use of niacin has been challenged by non-significant CVD outcomes in two recent large clinical trials. Further investigation is required to clarify the use of incretin-based therapies for HTG in type 2 diabetes. Extreme HTG, with risk of pancreatitis, may require insulin infusion therapy or apheresis.New therapies targeting HTG in diabetes need to be tested in clinical endpoint trials. The purpose of this review is to examine the current evidence and provide practical guidance on the management of HTG in type 2 diabetes. | Jing Pang Dick C Chan Gerald F Watts | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Tm(DOTP)5- :a 23 Na+ shift agent for perfused rat hearts显示文摘 | Buster D C Castro M M Geraldes C F | 1990 | Magn Reson Med1990，15，： | 2 |
| 10 | Alexander experimental evaluation of a rotor flux oriented control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed machines显示文摘 | Zhou D Spee R Gerald C | 1997 | IEEE Trans Power Electronics1997，12，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Leptin is a four - helix bundle:secondary structure by NMR显示文摘 | Allen D K Gerald W B Lisa M C | 1997 | FEBS Letters1997，407，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Non-structural Fuzzy Decision Support System for Evaluation of Construction Safety Management System显示文摘 | Tam C M Tong Thomas K L Chiu Gerald C W Fung Ivan W H | 2002 | International Journal of Project Management2002，，20： | 1 |
| 13 | Tracing photoinduced electron transfer process in conjugated polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunctions in real time显示文摘 | Christoph J Brabec Gerald Zerza Giulio Cerullo Sandro De Silvestri Silvia Luzzati Jan C Hummelen Serdar Sariciftci | 2001 | Chemical Physics Letters2001，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Getting residents in the game: an evaluation of general surgery residents’ participation in pediatric laparoscopic surgery显示文摘 | Gerald Gollin Donald Moores Joanne C Baerg | 2004 | Journal of Pediatric Surgery2004，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Galanin receptor subtypes显示文摘 | Branchek TA Smith KE Gerald C et al | 2000 | Trends Pharmacol Sci2000，21，3： | 1 |
| 16 | The Fas counter-attack:Fas-mediated T cell killing by colon cancer cells expressing fas ligand显示文摘 | Oconnell J Gerald C Osullivan | 1996 | J Exp Med1996，184，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Dislocation nucleation and multiplication in synthetic quartz:relevance to water weakening显示文摘 | McLaren A C Fitz Gerald J D Gerretsen J | 1989 | Phys Chem Minerals1989，16，： | 1 |
| 18 | Apractical guide to ass- essment of ventricular diastolic function using Doppler echocar- diography显示文摘 | Gerald I C Joseph F P James D T | 1996 | JACC1996，27，7： | 1 |
| 19 | The Brugada syndrome: Clinical, genetic, cellular, and molecular abnormalities显示文摘 | Gerald V Naccarelli MD Antzelevith C | 2001 | Am J Med2001，110，： | 1 |
| 20 | A vector space model for automatic indexing显示文摘 | Gerald S Wong A Yang C S | 1975 | Communications of the ACM1975，18，11： | 1 |
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