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| 1 | 2007年美国肝硬化胃食管静脉曲张及出血的防治指南显示文摘该文章已于我刊2007年第六期纲要发表,应读者要求于本期将较详细的内容再次发表,以飧读者。 | Garcia-Tsao G Sanyal AJ Grace ND 李建生(摘译) 张明礼(摘译) | 2008 | 胃肠病学和肝病学杂志2008，17，2： | 47 |
| 2 | Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and bile duct microlithiasis in acute idiopathic pancreatitis显示文摘Although there are numerous causes of acute panc-reatitis, an etiology cannot always be found. Two potential etiologies, microlithiasis and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, are discussed in this review. Gallbladder microlithiasis, missed on transcutaneous ultrasound, is reported as the cause of idiopathic acute pancreatitis in a wide frequency range of 6%-80%. The best diagnostic technique for gallbladder microlithiasis is endoscopic ultrasound although biliary crystal analysis and empiric cholecystectomy remain as reasonable options. In contrast, in patients who are post-cholecystectomy, bile duct microlithiasis does not appear to have a role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is present in 30%-65% of patients with idiopathic acute recurrent pancreatitis in whom other diagnoses have been excluded. It is unclear if this sphincter dysfunction was the original etiology of the first episode of pancreatitis although it appears to have a causative role in recurring episodes since sphincter ablation decreases the frequency of recurrent attacks. Unfortunately, this conclusion is primarily based on small retrospective case series; larger prospective studies of the outcome of pancreatic sphincterotomy for SOD-associated acute pancreatitis are sorely needed. Another problem with this diagnosis and its treatment is the concern over potential procedure related complications from endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), manometry and pancreatic sphincterotomy. For these reasons, patients should have recurrent acute pancreatitis, not a single episode, and have a careful informed consent before assessment of the sphincter of Oddi is undertaken. | Grace H Elta | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 30 |
| 3 | 颈肩部疼痛及功能障碍与表面肌电图之间的关系显示文摘目的探讨颈肩部疼痛及功能障碍与表面肌电图之间的关系。方法选择55例颈部或肩部疼痛的患者,采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)和颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评估患者颈肩疼痛和不适以及全身情况,采用表面肌电图(sEMG)评估患者颈肩部最大用力和持续打字时肌肉的功能状况,将表面肌电信号标准化处理后,比较VAS评分、NDI评分与标准化sEMG信号三者之间的相关性。按疼痛强度和功能障碍程度不同将患者分组,进一步比较其50%最大自主收缩(MVC)的波幅概率分布函数(APDF)。结果颈肩各部位的VAS评分与相应的50%MVC-APDF存在相关性,VAS评分的高低与颈肩部50%MVC-APDF大小变化一致,呈相关关系;而NDI评分与颈肩部50%MVC—APDF大小变化无相关关系;VAS评分和NDI评分之间亦存在相关性(P〈0.01)。按不同疼痛程度,将患者分为轻中度疼痛(VAS评分〈7分)和中度疼痛(VAS评分≥7分)组,2组颈肩部不同部位50%MVC—APDF比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);按NDI评分将患者分成轻中度功能障碍(NDI评分〈25分)和重度功能障碍(NDI评分≥25分)组,2组颈肩不同部位50%MVC-APDF比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论颈肩各部位的VAS评分与50%MVC-APDF之间存在相关性;颈肩疼痛程度不同,其所对应的50%MVC—APDF值亦有明显差异;NDI评分与50%MVC—APDF之间不存在相关性。 | 马超 燕铁斌 Grace P.Y.Szeto | 2008 | 中华物理医学与康复杂志2008，30，12： | 29 |
| 4 | 聚晶金刚石(PCD)刀具发展综述显示文摘对聚晶金刚石 (PCD)刀具的发展概况、性能特点、应用范围、制造技术、设计原则。 | 白清顺 姚英学 Grace Zhang Phillip Bex | 2002 | 工具技术2002，36，3： | 25 |
| 5 | PTEN-L is a novel protein phosphatase for ubiquitin dephosphorylation to inhibit PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy显示文摘Mitophagy 是为损坏线粒体的特定的消除的选择 autophagy 的一种重要类型。(PINK1 )导致 PTEN 的通常认为的 kinase 蛋白质 1 催化 ubiquitin (Ub ) 的 phosphorylation 在 PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy 的发作起一个关键作用。(PTEN-L ) 磷酸酶和 tensin 相当或相同的事物(PTEN ) 长是 PTEN 的最新识别的 isoform,与到它的 N 终点的 173 氨基酸的增加。这里,我们报导 PTEN-L 是经由它对 phosphorylated ubiquitin 的蛋白质磷酸酶活动的 mitophagy 的一个新奇否定管理者。我们发现 PTEN-L 在外部 mitochondrial 膜(OMM ) 本地化,而 PTEN-L 的删除支持, PTEN-L 的 overexpression 禁止, mitophagy 由各种各样的损坏线粒体的代理人导致了。机械学地, PTEN-L 能够有效地阻止 Parkin mitochondrial translocation,减少 Parkin phosphorylation,维持它的关上的不活跃的符合构造,并且禁止它的 E3 ligase 活动。更重要地, PTEN-L 在 vivo 减少 phosphorylated ubiquitin (pSer65-Ub ) 的水平,并且在 vitro,磷酸酶试金经由它的蛋白质磷酸酶活动证实那 PTEN-L dephosphorylates pSer65-Ub,独立于它的类脂化合物磷酸酶功能。一起拿,我们的调查结果为 ubiquitin 作为蛋白质磷酸酶表明 PTEN-L 的新奇功能,它抵抗在 mitophagy 正式就职和 mitophagy 的最终的抑制导致前馈控制机制的阻塞的调停 PINK1 的 ubiquitin phosphorylation。因此,理解 PTEN-L 的这新奇功能在控制 mitophagy 的分子的难题提供一关键错过片,在包括象 Parkinsons 那样的 neurodegenerative 混乱的许多重要人的疾病的一个批评过程疾病。 | Liming Wang Yik-Lam Cho Yancheng Tang Jigang Wang Jung-Eun Park Yajun Wu Chunxin Wang Yan Tong Ritu Chawla Jianbin Zhang Yin Shi Shuo Deng Guang Lu Yihua Wu Hayden Weng-Siong Tan Pornteera Pawijit Grace Gui-Yin Lim Hui-Ying Chan Jingzi Zhang Lei Fang Hanry Yu Yih-Cherng Liou Mallilankaraman Karthik Boon-Huat Bay Kah-Leong Lim Siu-Kwan Sze Celestial T. Yap Han-Ming Shen | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，8： | 25 |
| 6 | 南京社区妇女乳腺癌筛查知信行现状及影响因素显示文摘目的了解江苏省南京市妇女乳腺癌筛查知信行现状并分析其影响因素,为制定合理有效的乳腺癌筛查干预模式提供依据。方法采取随机整群抽样方法抽取南京市418名≥40岁社区妇女为调查对象,采用乳腺癌筛查知信行问卷进行调查。结果调查对象乳腺癌筛查知识总知晓率为32.8%,主要影响因素有文化程度和职业(P<0.05);乳腺钼钯筛查信念得分为(31.94±4.17)分,在不同社会人口学特征对象间差异无统计学意义;曾经做过乳腺自我检查和乳腺临床检查的妇女分别占57.1%和82.3%,其中在最近1年内做过的分别占47.0%和45.7%,年龄和职业是影响自我检查行为的因素(P<0.05);有12.2%的女性曾经接受过乳腺钼钯检查,文化程度是实施乳腺钼钯检查的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论南京市社区妇女乳腺癌筛查知识较为缺乏,筛查率有待提高,年龄、职业、文化程度是筛查行为的影响因素。 | 王彤彤 尹立红 Grace X.MA 李晓波 刘冉 杨淼 李云晖 | 2015 | 中国公共卫生2015，31，5： | 22 |
| 7 | Mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma progression显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a very poor prognosis. In the United States, there has been only minimal improvement in the prognosis for HCC patients over the past 15 years. Details of the molecular mechanisms and other mechanisms of HCC progression remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgent need for better understanding of these mechanisms. HCC is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and most patients will therefore need systemic therapy, with sorafenib being the most common at the present time. However, sorafenib therapy only minimally enhances patient survival. This review provides a summary of some of the known mechanisms that either cause HCC or contribute to its progression. Included in this review are the roles of viral hepatitis, non-viral hepatitis, chronic alcohol intake, genetic predisposition and congenital abnormalities, toxic exposures, and autoimmune diseases of the liver. Well-established molecular mechanisms of HCC progression such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stromal interactions and the tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells, and senescence bypass are also discussed. Additionally, we discuss the roles of circulating tumor cells,immunomodulation, and neural regulation as potential new mechanisms of HCC progression. A better understanding of these mechanisms could have implications for the development of novel and more effective therapeutic and prognostic strategies, which are critically needed. | Olorunseun O Ogunwobi Trisheena Harricharran Jeannette Huaman Anna Galuza Oluwatoyin Odumuwagun Yin Tan Grace X Ma Minhhuyen T Nguyen | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，19： | 21 |
| 8 | Fatty liver diseases,bile acids,and FXR显示文摘The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) worldwide has increased at an alarming rate,which will likely result in enormous medical and economic burden.NAFLD presents as a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple steatosis,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),fibrosis,cirrhosis,and even to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism(s) of NAFLD-to-NASH transition remains elusive with various genetic and environmental susceptibility factors possibly involved.An understanding of the mechanism may provide novel strategies in the prevention and treatment to NASH.Abnormal regulation of bile acid homeostasis emerges as an important mechanism to liver injury.The bile acid homeostasis is critically regulated by the farnesoid X receptor(FXR) that is activated by bile acids.FXR has been known to exert tissue-specific effects in regulating bile acid synthesis and transport.Current investigations demonstrate FXR also plays a principle role in regulating lipid metabolism and suppressing inflammation in the liver.Therefore,the future determination of the molecular mechanism by which FXR protects the liver from developing NAFLD may shed light to the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. | Yan Zhu Hongxia Liu Min Zhang Grace L.Guo | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，5： | 20 |
| 9 | 城市家庭吸烟状况与控制吸烟对策措施显示文摘目的了解城市家庭及其成员吸烟状况,掌握城市家庭及其成员对吸烟的知识-态度-行为(KAP)及影响KAP的因素,为控烟提出对策和建议。方法在南京市主城区按整群分层随机抽取方法抽出419户家庭,每个家庭抽取1名家庭成员作为代表填写答卷,对获得的409份合格问卷进行描述性统计、检验和Logistic分析。结果家庭现在吸烟率68.2%,家庭曾经吸烟率90.2%;家庭成员代表个人的现在吸烟率31.5%,个人曾经吸烟率39.9%。个人第一次尝试吸烟年龄≤18岁的占46.6%;第一次使用香烟来源于朋友的占48.1%。曾经吸烟家庭成员代表的香烟知识态度得分显著低于从不吸烟家庭成员代表(P<0.05)。曾经吸烟家庭中三种吸烟限定对其成员的知识态度得分差异有显著性(P<0.05)。现在吸烟家庭的成员代表和现在不吸烟家庭的成员代表的知识态度得分差异有显著性(P<0.05)。女性、已婚、有职业的人群KAP得分较高。控烟健康教育的主要内容是:充分认识吸烟损害健康;吸烟不是交际手段;对周围人吸烟反感;自己同龄人大部分不吸烟。结论家庭是戒烟、控烟的主要场所和关键平台。已婚女性是戒烟、控烟的关键依靠人群。儿童青少年是控烟的关键目标人群。不敬烟、不劝烟是控烟的关键措施。 | 王此隐 Ma Grace 翟成凯 曹佩 陈学芬 周薇薇 翟书蒙卉 | 2009 | 卫生研究2009，38，1： | 19 |
| 10 | Farnesoid X receptor,the bile acid sensing nuclear receptor,in liver regeneration显示文摘The liver is unique in regenerative potential, which could recover the lost mass and function after injury from ischemia and resection. The underlying molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration have been extensively studied in the past using the partial hepatectomy(PH) model in rodents, where 2/3 PH is carried out by removing two lobes. The whole process of liver regeneration is complicated, orchestrated event involving a network of connected interactions, which still remain fully elusive. Bile acids(BAs) are ligands of farnesoid X receptor(FXR), a nuclear receptor of ligand-activated transcription factor. FXR has been shown to be highly involved in liver regeneration. BAs and FXR not only interact with each other but also regulate various downstream targets independently during liver regeneration. Moreover, recent findings suggest that tissue-specific FXR also contributes to liver regeneration significantly. These novel findings suggest that FXR has much broader role than regulating BA, cholesterol, lipid and glucose metabolism. Therefore, these researches highlight FXR as an important pharmaceutical target for potentialuse of FXR ligands to regulate liver regeneration in clinic. This review focuses on the roles of BAs and FXR in liver regeneration and the current underlying molecular mechanisms which contribute to liver regeneration. | Guodong Li Grace L.Guo | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，2： | 19 |
| 11 | Transient elastography: Kill two birds with one stone?显示文摘Assessment of liver fibrosis and steatosis is crucial in chronic liver diseases in order to determine the prognosis, the need of treatment, as well as monitor disease progression and response to treatment. Liver biopsy is limited by its invasiveness and patient acceptability. Transient elastography (TE, Fibroscan ) is a non-invasive tool with satisfactory accuracy and reproducibility to estimate liver fibrosis and steatosis. TE has been well validated in major liver diseases including chronic hepatitis B and C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. As alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is one of the major confounding factors of liver stiffness in chronic hepatitis B, an ALT-based algorithm has been developed and higher liver stiffness measurements (LSM) cutoff values for different stages of liver fibrosis should be used in patients with elevated ALT levels up to 5 times of the upper limit of normal. Otherwise falsely-high LSM results up to cirrhotic range may occur during ALT flare. TE is also useful in predicting patient prognosis such as development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), portal hypertension, post-operative complications in HCC patients, and also survival. Unfortunately, failed acquisition of TE is common in obese patients. Furthermore,obese patients may have higher LSM results even in the same stage of liver fibrosis. The new XL probe, a larger probe with lower ultrasound frequency and deeper penetration, increases the success rate of TE in obese patients. The median LSM value with XL probe was found to be lower than that by the conventional M probe, hence cutoff values approximately 1.2 to 1.3 kPa lower than those of M probe should be adopted. Recent studies revealed a novel ultrasonic controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) of the machine is a useful parameter to detect even low-grade steatosis noninvasively. CAP may also be used to quantify liver steatosis by applying different cutoff values. As both LSM and CAP results are instantly available at same measurement, this makes TE a very convenient tool to assess any patients who are suspected or confirmed to suffer from chronic liver diseases. | Grace Lai-Hung Wong | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，5： | 18 |
| 12 | Impact of antiviral therapy on post-hepatectomy outcome for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘The outcome after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains unsatisfactory due to the high recurrence rate after surgery.In patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related HCC,which is the majority of patients with HCC in Asia,a high viral load is a strong risk factor for HCC recurrence.It is logical to believe that antiviral therapy may improve the postoperative outcome by promoting viral clearance and hepatocyte regeneration,as well as improving residual liver volume in HCC patients with hepatitis B.However,the effect of antiviral therapy on clinical outcomes after liver resection in patients with HBV-related HCC remains to be established.There are two main groups of antiviral treatment for HBV-oral nucleos(t)ide analogues and interferon.Interferon treatment reduces the overall incidence of HBV-related HCC in sustained re-sponders.However,side effects may limit its long-term clinical application.Nucleos(t)ide analogues carry fewer side effects and are potent in terms of viral suppression when compared to interferon and are typically implemented for patients with more advanced liver diseases.They may also improve the outcome after curative resection for HBV-related HCC.There are increasing evidence to suggest that antiviral therapy could suppress HBV,decrease the perioperative reactivation of viral replication,reduce liver injury,preserve the liver function before and after operation,and may lower the risk of HCC recurrence.After all,antiviral therapy may improve the survival after liver resection by reducing recurrence and delaying the liver damage by the virus,resulting in a higher chance of receiving aggressive salvage therapy during HCC recurrence. | Charing Ching Ning Chong Grace Lai Hung Wong Paul Bo San Lai | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，20： | 15 |
| 13 | 作物秸秆还田的新问题——对河南商丘地区农民的问卷调查显示文摘秸秆还田是一种受政府和科学界鼓励的农业生物质循环处理方式,但近年来秸秆田间焚烧日益严重。为了解秸秆还田在农业生产中的应用效果,以河南省产粮大市——商丘市为研究对象,随机走访该市部分村庄,采用问卷调查方式采集秸秆还田实施情况及问题的相关信息,并进行了调查结果的统计分析。结果表明:92.5%的受访农户实行了秸秆还田,但70.8%的受访农户认为秸秆还田会加重病虫害,52.5%的受访者提出秸秆还田后需要多打药才能保证产量;愿意秸秆直接还田的农户只占调查农户的50%。目前部分农户已经采用秸秆生物质炭还田,其中多数(60%)农户认为生物质炭具有增产和减少病虫害的作用。调查分析还表明,影响秸秆还田意愿的主要因素是农户种植规模和是否以农为生,以农为生和种植规模较大的农户反映秸秆还田不增产并且需要多打药。从调查结果可以看出,秸秆直接还田确实存在实际困难,迫切需要寻找秸秆处理新途径。 | 李正东 李懋 潘根兴 李恋卿 郑聚锋 Wanjiru Grace | 2013 | 中国农学通报2013，29，32： | 13 |
| 14 | 真空勃起装置在前列腺癌根治术后阴茎康复治疗中的应用显示文摘真空勃起装置(VED)是利用负压吸引血流进入阴茎海绵体,从而促使阴茎勃起的一种装置。使用它可以进行阴茎康复治疗或者可以合用弹力环来维持勃起状态来满足性交需求。由于磷酸二酯酶5型抑制剂(PDE5i)在治疗难治性ED中的局限性,VED重新崛起并逐渐成为治疗前列腺癌根治手术后勃起功能障碍(ED)的一线治疗手段。目前,前列腺癌根治手术后早期应用VED和PDE5I的联合治疗以及VED和海绵体注射治疗(ICI)的联合治疗引起广泛的关注。因此,我们在这里回顾了VED在阴茎康复治疗中的角色,潜在的机制以及联合治疗的效果。 | 林浩成 Grace Wang Run Wang | 2015 | 中华男科学杂志2015，21，3： | 11 |
| 15 | 超硬磨料在硬脆材料切割中的应用显示文摘本文概述了硬脆材料切割中使用超硬磨料的几种典型切割方法。常用的硬脆材料的切割方法有 :金刚石锯片切割 ,金刚石框架锯切割 ,金刚石带锯切割 ,金刚石串珠锯切割等。这此切割方法各有其特点 ,用途各异 ,也各有其局限性 ,除了金刚石串珠锯外 ,一般都难以切割曲线 ,并且切缝较宽 ,出材率低 ,不适用于贵重材料的切割。本文还比较详细地介绍了较先进的线锯切割的几种方式 ,指出环形电镀金刚石线锯切缝窄 ,特别适合切割贵重的硬脆非金属材料 ,并且切割速度高 ,能充分体现金刚石磨料的卓越性能 ,是应用前景非常广泛的切割方法。 | 高伟 刘镇昌 Philip Bex Grace Zhang | 2001 | 金刚石与磨料磨具工程2001，21，3： | 10 |
| 16 | Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Patient and physician communication challenges and shared decision making显示文摘Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) is a common upper esophageal condition and typical symptoms can include heartburn and sensation of regurgitation while atypical symptoms include chronic cough, asthma, hoarseness, dyspepsia and nausea. Typically, diag-nosis is presumptive given the presence of typical and atypical symptoms and is an indication for empiric therapy. Treatment management can include lifestyle modifications and/or medication therapy with proton pump inhibitor(PPI) class being the preferred and most effective. Complete symptom resolution is not always achieved and long-term PPI therapy can put patients at risk for serious side effects and needless expense. The brain-gut connection and hypervigilance plays an important role in symptom resolution and treatment success, especially in the case of non-PPI responders. Hypervigilance is a combination of increased esophageal sensory sensitivity in combination with exaggerated threat perception surrounding esophageal symptoms. Hypervigilance requires a different approach to GERD managements, where continued PPI therapy and surgery are usually not recommended. Rather, helping physicians and patients understand the brain-gut connection can guide and improve care.Education and reassurance should be the main pillars or treatment. However, it is important not to suggest the symptoms are due to anxiety alone, this often leads to patient dissatisfaction. Patient dissatisfaction with treatment reveals the need for a more patient-centered approach to GERD management and better communication between patients and providers. Shared decision making(SDM) with the incorporation of patient-reported outcomes(PRO) promotes patient adherence and satisfaction. SDM is a joint discussion between clinician and patient in which a mutually shared solution is explored for GERD symptoms. For SDM to work the physician needs to capture patients' perceptions which may not be obtained in the standard interview. This can be done through the use of PROs which promote a dialogue with patients about their symptoms and treatment priorities in the context of the SDM patient encounter. SDM could potentially help in the management of patient expectations for GERD treatment, ultimately positively impacting their health-related quality of life. | Scott Klenzak Igor Danelisen Grace D Brannan Melissa A Holland Miranda AL van Tilburg | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2018，6，15： | 10 |
| 17 | Serum and glucocorticoid inducible protein kinases(SGKs):a potential target for cancer intervention显示文摘The serum and glucocorticoid inducible protein kinase(SGK) family members share similar structure, substrate specificity and function with AKT and signal downstream of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) signalling pathway. They regulate a range of fundamental cellular processes such as cell proliferation and survival, thereby playing an important role in cancer development. This perspective intends to give an overview on the involvement of SGKs(particularly SGK3) in cancer progression, and compares the actions of SGK3 and AKT in cell cycle regulation, oncogenic signalling, and the potential as a therapeutic target for cancer. | Rajesh Basnet Grace Qun Gong Chenyao Li Ming-Wei Wang | 2018 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2018，8，5： | 9 |
| 18 | Therapeutic potential of targeting the renin angiotensin system in portal hypertension显示文摘Portal hypertension is responsible for the bulk of the morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.Drug therapy to reduce portal pressure involves targeting two vascular beds.The first approach is to reduce intra hepatic vascular tone induced by the activity of powerful vasocontrictors such as angiotensin Ⅱ,endothelin-1 and the sympathetic system and mediated via contraction of perisinusoidal myofibroblasts and pervascular smooth muscle cells.The second approach is to reduce mesenteric and portal blood flow.Non-selective b-blockers are widely used and have been shown to prolong patient survival and reduce oesophageal variceal bleeding in advanced cirrhosis.However many patients are unable to tolerate these drugs and they are ineffective in a significant proportion of patients.Unfortunately there are no other drug therapies that have proven efficacy in the treatment of portal hypertension and prevention of variceal bleeding.This review briefly outlines current therapeutic approaches to themanagement of portal hypertension,and the evidence supporting the role of the renin angiotensin system(RAS) and the use of RAS blockers in this condition.It will also outline recent advances in RAS research that could lead to the development of new treatments focusing in particular on the recently discovered 'alternate axis' of the RAS. | Chandana B Herath Josephine A Grace Peter W Angus | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013，4，1： | 9 |
| 19 | Weight gain following breast cancer diagnosis: Implication and proposed mechanisms显示文摘Weight gain occurs in the majority of women following breast cancer treatment. An overview of studies describing weight gain amongst women treated with early to modern chemotherapy regimens is included. Populations at higher risk include women who are younger, closer to ideal body weight and who have been treated with chemotherapy. Weight gain ranges between 1 to 5 kg, and may be associated with change in body composition with gain in fat mass and loss in lean body mass. Women are unlikely to return to pre-diagnosis weight. Possible mechanisms including inactivity and metabolic changes are explored. Potential interventions are reviewed including exercise, dietary changes andpharmacologic agents. Although breast cancer prognosis does not appear to be significantly impacted, weight gain has negative consequences on quality of life and overall health. Future studies should explore change in body composition, metabolism and insulin resistance. Avoiding weight gain in breast cancer survivors following initial diagnosis and treatment should be encouraged. | Grace Makari-Judson Barry Braun D Joseph Jerry Wilson C Mertens | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，3： | 8 |
| 20 | 腹主动脉暂时阻断术在凶险型前置胎盘剖宫产术中的临床效果(英文)显示文摘目的:探讨腹主动脉暂时阻断术在凶险型前置胎盘中的应用对控制产后出血的临床效果及安全性。方法:回顾性分析中南大学湘雅三医院2013年7月至2014年12月14例凶险型前置胎盘在剖宫产术中行腹主动脉暂时阻断术的临床资料。结果:8例成功保留子宫,6例行子宫全切术,腹主动脉阻断时间(31.42±12.67)min,术中出血量为(1 117.85±745.13)m L,输血量为浓缩红细胞(3.91±3.24)U,冰冻血浆(192.85±156.71)m L。术后病理检查结果证实胎盘植入类型6例为穿透型,4例为植入型,3例为粘连型,1例无明显植入。所有患者术后恢复良好。结论:腹主动脉暂时阻断术是一种安全有效的应用于凶险型前置胎盘剖宫产术中止血的方法。该项技术可增加保留生育功能的概率,降低子宫切除率。 | 黄双英 夏爱斌 Grace Jamail 龙买连 程春霞 | 2017 | 中南大学学报(医学版)2017，42，3： | 8 |
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