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| 1 | Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM: To determine characteristics and prognosticpredictors of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS: We reviewed the records of all patients with NAFLD associated HCC between 2000 and 2012. Data collected included demographics; histology; presence or absence of cirrhosis, size and number of HCC, alpha-fetoprotein, body mass index(BMI), and the presence of diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidaemia.RESULTS: Fifty-four patients with NAFLD associated HCC were identified. Mean age was 64 years with 87% male. Fifteen percent(8/54) were not cirrhotic. 11%, 24% and 50% had a BMI of < 25 kg/m2, 25-29 kg/m2 and ≥ 30 kg/m2 respectively. Fifty-nine percent were diabetic, 44% hypertensive and 26% hyperlipidaemic. Thirty-four percent of the patients had ≤ 1 of these risk factors. Non-cirrhotics had a significantly larger mean tumour diameter at diagnosis than cirrhotics(P = 0.041). Multivariate analysis did not identify any other patient characteristics that predicted the size or number of HCC.CONCLUSION: HCC can develop in NAFLD without cirrhosis. At diagnosis such tumours are larger than those in cirrhotics, conferring a poorer prognosis. | Christopher Leung Sern Wei Yeoh Desmond Patrick Shara Ket Kaye Marion Paul Gow Peter W Angus | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，4： | 24 |
| 2 | Malnutrition in cirrhosis:More food for thought显示文摘Malnutrition is highly prevalent in liver cirrhosis and its presence carries important prognostic implications.The clinical conditions and pathophysiological mechanisms that cause malnutrition in cirrhosis are multiple and interrelated.Anorexia and liver decompensation symptoms lead to poor dietary intake;metabolic changes characterised by elevated energy expenditure,reduced glycogen storage,an accelerated starvation response and protein catabolism result in muscle and fat wasting;and,malabsorption renders the cirrhotic patient unable to fully absorb or utilise food that has been consumed.Malnutrition is therefore a considerable challenge to manage effectively,particularly as liver disease progresses.A high energy,high protein diet is recognised as standard of care,yet patients struggle to follow this recommendation and there is limited evidence to guide malnutrition interventions in cirrhosis and liver transplantation.In this review,we seek to detail the factors which contribute to poor nutritional status in liver disease,and highlight complexities far greater than“poor appetite”or“reduced oral intake”leading to malnutrition.We also discuss management strategies to optimise nutritional status in this patient group,which target the inter-related mechanisms unique to advanced liver disease.Finally,future research requirements are suggested,to develop effective treatments for one of the most common and debilitating complications afflicting cirrhotic patients. | Brooke Chapman Marie Sinclair Paul J Gow Adam G Testro | 2020 | World Journal of Hepatology2020，12，11： | 8 |
| 3 | Toward point-of-care management of chronic respiratory conditions:Electrochemical sensing of nitrite content in exhaled breath condensate using reduced graphene oxide显示文摘We present a portable non-invasive approach for measuring indicators of inflammation and oxidative stress in the respiratory tract by quantifying a biomarker in exhaled breath condensate(EBC).We discuss the fabrication and characterization of a miniaturized electrochemical sensor for detecting nitrite content in EBC using reduced graphene oxide.The nitrite content in EBC has been demonstrated to be a promising biomarker of inflammation in the respiratory tract,particularly in asthma.We utilized the unique properties of reduced graphene oxide(rGO);specifically,the material is resilient to corrosion while exhibiting rapid electron transfer with electrolytes,thus allowing for highly sensitive electrochemical detection with minimal fouling.Our rGO sensor was housed in an electrochemical cell fabricated from polydimethyl siloxane(PDMS),which was necessary to analyze small EBC sample volumes.The sensor is capable of detecting nitrite at a low over-potential of 0.7 V with respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode.We characterized the performance of the sensors using standard nitrite/buffer solutions,nitrite spiked into EBC,and clinical EBC samples.The sensor demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.21μAμM^(−1) cm^(−2) in the range of 20–100μM and of 0.1μAμM^(−1) cm^(−2) in the range of 100–1000μM nitrite concentration and exhibited a low detection limit of 830 nM in the EBC matrix.To benchmark our platform,we tested our sensors using seven pre-characterized clinical EBC samples with concentrations ranging between 0.14 and 6.5μM.This enzyme-free and label-free method of detecting biomarkers in EBC can pave the way for the development of portable breath analyzers for diagnosing and managing changes in respiratory inflammation and disease. | Azam Gholizadeh Damien Voiry Clifford Weisel Andrew Gow Robert Laumbach Howard Kipen Manish Chhowalla Mehdi Javanmard | 2017 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2017，3，1： | 5 |
| 4 | Activation of the pattern recognition receptor NOD1 augments colon cancer metastasis显示文摘While emerging data suggest nucleotide oligomerization domain receptor 1(NOD1),a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor,may play an important and complementary role in the immune response to bacterial infection,its role in cancer metastasis is entirely unknown.Hence,we sought to determine the effects of NOD1 on metastasis.NOD1 expression in paired human primary colon cancer,human and murine colon cancer cells were determined using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting(WB).Clinical significance of NOD1 was assessed using TCGA survival data.A series of in vitro and in vivo functional assays,including adhesion,migration,and metastasis,was conducted to assess the effect of NOD1.C12-iE-DAP,a highly selective NOD1 ligand derived from gram-negative bacteria,was used to activate NOD1.ML130,a specific NOD1 inhibitor,was used to block C12-iE-DAP stimulation.Stable knockdown(KD)of NOD1 in human colon cancer cells(HT29)was constructed with shRNA lentiviral transduction and the functional assays were thus repeated.Lastly,the predominant signaling pathway of NOD1-activation was identified using WB and functional assays in the presence of specific kinase inhibitors.Our data demonstrate that NOD1 is highly expressed in human colorectal cancer(CRC)and human and murine CRC cell lines.Clinically,we demonstrate that this increased NOD1 expression negatively impacts survival in patients with CRC.Subsequently,we identify NOD1 activation by C12-iE-DAP augments CRC cell adhesion,migration and metastasis.These effects are predominantly mediated via the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway.This is the first study implicating NOD1 in cancer metastasis,and thus identifying this receptor as a putative therapeutic target. | Henry Y.Jiang Sara Najmeh Guy Martel Elyse MacFadden-Murphy Raquel Farias Paul Savage Arielle Leone Lucie Roussel Jonathan Cools-Lartigue Stephen Gowing Julie Berube Betty Giannias France Bourdeau Carlos HFChan Jonathan D.Spicer Rebecca McClure Morag Park Simon Rousseau Lorenzo E.Ferri | 2020 | Protein & Cell2020，11，3： | 3 |
| 5 | Toll‐Like Receptor 3 and 7/8 Function Is Impaired in Hepatitis C Rapid Fibrosis Progression Post‐Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | J. Howell R. Sawhney N. Skinner P. Gow P. Angus D. Ratnam K. Visvanathan | 2013 | American Journal of Transplantation2013，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Effects of peroxynitrite-induced protein modifications on tyrosine phosphorylation and degradation 显示文摘 | Gow A J Duran D Malcolm S Ischiropoulos H | 1996 | Febs Lett1996，385，12： | 1 |
| 7 | 显示文摘 | Chou Y S Stevenson J W Gow R N | 2007 | Journal of Power Sources2007，168，： | 1 |
| 8 | Hydrologically defined niches reveal a basis for species rich ness in plant communities显示文摘 | SILVERTOWN J DODD M E GOWING D J G | 1999 | Nature1999，400，6739： | 1 |
| 9 | Physiological increases in uncoupling protein 3 augment Fatty Acid oxidation and decrease reactive oxygen species production without uncoupling respiration in muscle cells显示文摘 | Maclellan JD Gerrits MF Gowing A | 2005 | Diabetes2005，54，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Spatial distribution pattern of living polycystine radiolarian taxa-baseline study for paleoenvironmental reconstructions in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector)显示文摘 | ABELMANN A GOWING M M | 1997 | Marine Micropaleontolgy1997，30，： | 1 |
| 11 | Antioxidant activity of anthraquinones and anthrone显示文摘 | GOW C Y PIN D D DA Y C | 2000 | Food Chemistry2000，70，： | 1 |
| 12 | EGFR mutation conferring primary resistance to gefitinib in non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘 | Shih JY Gow CH Yang PC | 2005 | N Engl J Med2005，353，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Gastrointestinal stromat tumors arising from the stomach: A report of three children显示文摘 | Durham MM Gow KW Shehata BM | 2004 | J Pediatr Surg2004，39，10： | 1 |
| 14 | Deafness in Claudin 11-null mice reveals the critical contribution of basal cell tight junctions to stria vascularis function显示文摘 | Gow A Davies C Southwood CM | 2004 | J Neurosci2004，24，32： | 1 |
| 15 | Effects of estradiol on lipoprotein lipase activity and lipid availability in exercised male rats显示文摘 | Ellis G S Lanza-Jacoby S Gow A | 1994 | J Appl Physiol1994，77，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Analytical and experimental study on asymmetrical sheet rolling显示文摘 | Yeong M K Gow Y T | 1997 | International Journal of Mechanical Sciences1997，39，3： | 1 |
| 17 | 显示文摘 | Chou Y S Stevenson J W Gow R N | 2007 | Journal of Power Sources2007，168，： | 1 |
| 18 | Dry drainage: a sustainable solution to waterlogging and salinity problems in irrigation areas?显示文摘 | Konukcu F Gowing J W Rose D A | 2006 | Agricultural water management2006，，83： | 1 |
| 19 | Diagnosis of- wilson' s dedisease ; an experience ever three decades 显示文摘 | Gow PJ Smallwood RA Angus Pw | 2000 | Gut2000，，46： | 1 |
| 20 | Electricity price forecasting using enhanced probability neural network显示文摘 | Lin W M Gow H J Tsai M T | 2010 | Energy Conversion and Management2010，51，12： | 1 |
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