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| 1 | Cholangiocarcinoma:principles and current trends显示文摘BACKGROUND:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a lethal cancer of the biliary epithelium,originating from the liver(intrahepatic),at the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts(hilar)or in the extrahepatic bile ducts.It is a rare malignancy associated with poor prognosis.DATA SOURCES:We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database for relevant articles published from 1989 to 2008.The search terms used were related to 'cholangiocarcinoma' and its ' treatment'.Although no language restrictions were imposed initially,for the full-text review and final analysis,our resources only permitted the review of articles published in English.This review deals with the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma,the principles and the current trends.RESULTS:The risks and prognostic factors,symptoms and differential diagnosis are thoroughly discussed.In addition,the tools of preoperative diagnosis such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,digital image analysis,fluorescence in situ hybridization and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography are reviewed.Moreover,the treatment of CCA is discussed.CONCLUSIONS:The only curative treatment available is surgical management.Unfortunately,many patients present with unresectable tumors,the majority of whom die within a year of diagnosis.Surgical treatment involves major resections of the liver,pancreas and bile duct,with considerable mortality and morbidity.However,in selected cases and where indicated,appropriate management with aggressive surgery may achieve a good outcome with a prolonged survival expectancy. | George N Zografos Athanasios Farfaras Flora Zagouri Dimosthenis Chrysikos Kostas Karaliotas | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，1： | 14 |
| 2 | Alpha-lipoic acid protects oxidative stress,changes in cholinergic system and tissue histopathology during co-exposure to arsenic-dichlorvos in rats显示文摘 | DWIVEDI N FLORA G KUSHWAHA P | 2014 | Environ Toxicol Pharmacol2014，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Influence of process water quality on hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose显示文摘 | Lu Xiaowei Flora J R V Berge N D | 2014 | Bioresource Technology2014，，154： | 1 |
| 4 | Pathway engineering for the production of aromatic compounds in Escherichia coli 显示文摘 | FLORAS N XIAO J BERRY A | 1996 | Nature Biotechnology1996，14，： | 1 |
| 5 | N Aeetyl-L-cysteine显示文摘 | De Flora S de Vires N | 1993 | J Cell Biochem1993，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Angioprevention: angiogenesis is a common and key target for cancer chemopreventive agents 显示文摘 | Tosetti F Ferrari N De Flora S | 2002 | FASEB2002，16，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Association of blood pressure at hospital discharge with mortality in pa- tients diagnosed with heart failure 显示文摘 | Lee DS Ghosh N Floras JS | 2009 | Cire Heart Fail2009，2，： | 1 |
| 8 | Identification of two surface proteins involved in the oxidation of sulphur compounds in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans 显示文摘 | BUONFIGLIO V POLIDORO M FLORA L CITRO G VALENTI P ORSI N | 1993 | FEMS Microbiology Reviews1993，11，13： | 1 |
| 9 | Membrane fusion tropism and heterotypic functional activities of the Nipah virus and Hendra virus envelope glycoproteins显示文摘 | Bossartk N Wang L F Flora M N | 2002 | J Virol2002，76，11： | 1 |
| 10 | N - acetyl - L - cysteine 显示文摘 | De Vries N De Flora S | 1993 | J Cell Biochem Suppl1993，17，： | 1 |
| 11 | Membrane fusion tropism and heterotypic functional activities of the Nipah virus and Hendra virus envelope glycoproteins 显示文摘 | Bossart K N Wang Lin-Fa Flora M N | 2002 | J Virol2002，76，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Alpha-lipoic acid protects oxidative stress, changes in cholinergic system and tissue histopa- thology during coexposure to arsenic-dichlovous in rats 显示文摘 | Dwivedi N Flora G Kushwaha P | 2014 | Environ Toxicol Pharmacol2014，37，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Angioprevention : angiogenesis is a common and key target for cancer chemopreventive agents显示文摘 | Tosetti F Ferrari N de Flora S | 2002 | FASEB J2002，16，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Angioprevention:angiogenesis is a common and key target for cancer chemopre ventive agents显示文摘 | Tosetti F Ferrari N De Flora S | 2002 | FASEB J2002，16，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Insulin regulates glucagonlike peptide-1 secretion from the enteroendocrine L cell显示文摘 | LIM GE HUANG GJ FLORA N | 2009 | Endocrinology2009，150，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Insulin regulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion from the enteroendocrine L cell显示文摘 | Lim G E Huang G J Flora N LeRoith D | 2009 | Endocrinology2009，150，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Angioprevention: angio- genesis is a common and key target for cancer ehemopreventive agents显示文摘 | Tosetti F Ferrari N De Flora S | 2002 | FASEBJ2002，16，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Alpha-lipoic acid protects oxidative stress, changes in cholinergic system and tissue histopathology during co-exposure to arsenic-dichlorvos in rats 显示文摘 | Dwivedi N Flora G Kushwaha P | 2014 | Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology2014，37，： | 1 |
| 19 | Dependence of salivary drug concentration on salivary flow rate 显示文摘 | Wood JH Flora KP Narasimhachari N | 1982 | Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol1982，4，4： | 1 |
| 20 | N-acetyM-cysteine显示文摘 | De Vries N De Flora S | 1993 | J Cell Bio- chem Suppl1993，17，： | 1 |
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