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| 1 | Percutaneous assist devices in acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock: Review, meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To assess the impact of percutaneous cardiac support in cardiogenic shock(CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction(AMI), treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: We selected all of the studies published from January 1st, 1997 to May 15 st, 2015 that compared the following percutaneous mechanical support in patients with CS due to AMI undergoing myocardial revascularization:(1) intra-aortic balloon pump(IABP) vs Medical therapy;(2) percutaneous left ventricular assist devices(PLVADs) vs IABP;(3) complete extracorporeal life support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) plus IABP vs IABP alone; and(4) ECMO plus IABP vs ECMO alone, in patients with AMI and CS undergoing myocardial revascularization. We evaluated the impact of the support devices on primary and secondary endpoints. Primary endpoint was the inhospital mortality due to any cause during the same hospital stay and secondary endpoint late mortality at 6-12 moof follow-up. RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and seventytwo studies met the initial screening criteria. After detailed review, only 30 were selected. There were 6 eligible randomized controlled trials and 24 eligible observational studies totaling 15799 patients. We found that the inhospital mortality was:(1) significantly higher with IABP support vs medical therapy(RR = +15%, P = 0.0002);(2) was higher, although not significantly, with PLVADs compared to IABP(RR = +14%, P = 0.21); and(3) significantly lower in patients treated with ECMO plus IABP vs IABP(RR =-44%, P = 0.0008) or ECMO(RR =-20%, P = 0.006) alone. In addition, Trial Sequential Analysis showed that in the comparison of IABP vs medical therapy, the sample size was adequate to demonstrate a significant increase in risk due to IABP. CONCLUSION: Inhospital mortality was significantly higher with IABP vs medical therapy. PLVADs did not reduce early mortality. ECMO plus IABP significantly reduced inhospital mortality compared to IABP. | Francesco Romeo Maria Cristina Acconcia Domenico Sergi Alessia Romeo Simona Francioni Flavia Chiarotti Quintilio Caretta | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，1： | 29 |
| 2 | Prognostic significance of tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy:Novel insights and future perspectives in gastric cancer显示文摘Despite a decrease in gastric cancer incidence, the development of novel biologic agents and combined therapeutic strategies, the prognosis of gastric cancer remains poor. Recently, the introduction of modern immunotherapy, especially using immune checkpoint inhibitors, led to an improved prognosis in many cancers. The use of immunotherapy was also associated with manageable adverse event profiles and promising results in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer, especially in heavily pretreated patients. These data have led to an accelerated approval of some checkpoint inhibitors in this setting. Understanding the complex relationship between the host immune microenvironment and tumor and the immune escape phenomenon leading to cancer occurrence and progression will subsequently lead to the identification of prognostic immune markers. Furthermore, this understanding will result in the discovery of both new mechanisms for blocking tumor immunosuppressive signals and pathways to stimulate the local immune response by targeting and modulating different subsets of immune cells. Due to the molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancers associated with differentclinico-biologic parameters, immune markers expression and prognosis, novel immunotherapy algorithms should be personalized and addressed to selected subsets of gastric tumors, which have been proven to elicit the best clinical responses. Future perspectives in the treatment of gastric cancer include tailored dual immunotherapies or a combination of immunotherapy with other targeted agents with synergistic antitumor effects. | Daniela Cornelia Lazǎr Mihaela Flavia Avram Ioan Romosan Mǎrioara Cornianu Sorina Tǎan Adrian Goldis | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，32： | 24 |
| 3 | Diffusion-weighted imaging of pancreatic cancer显示文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is a reliable and accurate imaging method for the evaluation of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC). Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) is a relatively recent technological improvement that expanded MRI capabilities, having brought functional aspects into conventional morphologic MRI evaluation. DWI can depict the random diffusion of water molecules within tissues(the so-called Brownian motions). Modifications of water diffusion induced by different factors acting on the extracellular and intracellular spaces, as increased cell density, edema, fibrosis, or altered functionality of cell membranes, can be detected using this MR sequence. The intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) model is an advanced DWI technique that consent a separate quantitative evaluation of all the microscopic random motions that contribute to DWI, which are essentially represented by molecular diffusion and blood microcirculation(perfusion). Technological improvements have made possible the routine use of DWI during abdominal MRI study. Several authors have reported that the addition of DWI sequence can be of value for the evaluation of patients with PDAC, especially improving the staging; nevertheless, it is still unclear whether and how DWI could be helpful for identification, characterization, prognostic stratification and follow-up during treatment. The aim of this paper is to review up-to-date literature data regarding the applications of DWI and IVIM to PDACs. | Riccardo De Robertis Paolo Tinazzi Martini Emanuele Demozzi Flavia Dal Corso Claudio Bassi Paolo Pederzoli Mirko D'Onofrio | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，10： | 14 |
| 4 | Nasogastric or nasointestinal feeding in severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To assess the rate of spontaneous tube migration and to compare the effects of naso-gastric and nasointestinal(NI)(beyond the ligament of Treitz) feeding in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS:After bedside intragastric insertion,tube position was assessed,and enteral nutrition(EN) started at day 4,irrespective of tube localization.Patients were monitored daily and clinical and laboratory parameters evaluated to compare the outcome of patients with nasogastric(NG) or NI tube.RESULTS:Spontaneous tube migration to a NI site occurred in 10/25(40%) prospectively enrolled SAP patients,while in 15(60%) nutrition was started with a NG tube.Groups were similar for demographics and pancreatitis aetiology but computed tomography(CT) severity index was higher in NG tube patients than in NI(mean 6.2 vs 4.7,P=0.04).The CT index seemed a risk factor for failed obtainment of spontaneous distal migration.EN trough NG or NI tube were similar in terms of tolerability,safety,clinical goals,complications and hospital stay.CONCLUSION:Spontaneous distal tube migration is successful in 40% of SAP patients,with higher CT severity index predicting intragastric retention;in such cases EN by NG tubes seems to provide a pragmatic alternative opportunity with similar outcomes. | Matteo Piciucchi Elettra Merola Massimo Marignani Mari-anna Signoretti Roberto Valente Lucia Cocomello Flavia Baccini Francesco Panzuto Gabriele Capurso Gianfranco Delle Fave | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，29： | 13 |
| 5 | Consequences of Helicobacter pylori infection in children显示文摘Although evidence is emerging that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is declining in all age groups, the understanding of its disease spectrum continues to evolve. If untreated, H. pylori infection is lifelong. Although H. pylori typically colonizes the hu-man stomach for many decades without adverse con-sequences, children infected with H. pylori can manifest gastrointestinal diseases. Controversy persists regarding testing (and treating) for H. pylori infection in children with recurrent abdominal pain, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenia, and poor growth. There is evidence of the role of H. pylori in childhood iron deficiency anemia, but the results are not conclusive. The possibility of an inverse relationship between H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux disease, as well as childhood asthma, remains a controversial question. A better understanding of the H. pylori disease spectrum in childhood should lead to clearer recommendations about testing for and treating H. pylori infection in children who are more likely to develop clinical sequelae. | Lucia Pacifico Caterina Anania John F Osborn Flavia Ferraro Claudio Chiesa | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，41： | 11 |
| 6 | Bartter's syndrome:clinical findings,genetic causes and therapeutic approach显示文摘Backgound Bartter's syndrome(BS)is a rare group of salt losing tubulopathies due to the impairment of transport mecha-nisms at the thick ascending limb of the Henle's loop.Data sources Literature reviews and original research articles were collected from database,including PubMed and Scopus.Results According to the time of onset and symptoms,BS can be classified into antenatal and classic BS.Molecular studies have identified different subtypes of BS.BS types Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ are caused by mutations on genes encoding the luminal Na^(+)-K^(+)-2Cl^(-) co-transporter,the luminal K+ channel ROMK,and the basolateral chloride channel ClC-Kb(CLCNKB),respectively.Loss-of-function mutations of Barttin CLCNK type accessory beta subunit cause BS type Ⅳa.Simultaneous mutations of CLCNKB and CLCNKA cause BS type Ⅳb.BS type Ⅴ consists in a novel transient form characterized by antenatal presentation due to mutations in the MAGE family member D2.Severe gain-of-function mutations of the extracellular calcium sensing receptor gene can result in an autosomal dominant condition of BS.Main clinical and biochemical alterations in BS include polyuria,dehydration,hypokalemia,hypochloremic metabolic alka-losis,hyperreninemia,high levels of prostaglandins,normal or low blood pressure,hypercalciuria and failure to thrive.Treatment focuses mainly at correcting dehydration and electrolyte disturbances and in measures to reduce polyuria,including the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications to control excessive renal prostaglandin E2 production.Conclusions Early diagnosis and treatment of BS may prevent long-term consequences such as growth failure,nephrocal-cinosis and end-stage renal disease. | Flavia Cristina Carvalho Mrad Sílvia Bouissou Morais Soares Luiz Alberto Wanderley de Menezes Silva Pedro Versiani dos Anjos Menezes Ana Cristina Simoes-e-Silva | 2021 | World Journal of Pediatrics2021，17，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Relationship between adipose tissue dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency and the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide.Its pathogenesis is complex and not yet fully understood.Over the years many studies have proposed various pathophysiological hypotheses,among which the currently most widely accepted is the'multiple parallel hits'theory.According to this model,lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes and insulin resistance increase the vulnerability of the liver to many factors that act in a coordinated and cooperative manner to promote hepatic injury,inflammation and fibrosis.Among these factors,adipose tissue dysfunction and subsequent chronic low grade inflammation play a crucial role.Recent studies have shown that vitamin D exerts an immune-regulating action on adipose tissue,and the growing wealth of epidemiological data is demonstrating that hypovitaminosis D is associated with both obesity and NAFLD.Furthermore,given the strong association between these conditions,current findings suggest that vitamin D may be involved in the relationship between adipose tissue dysfunction and NAFLD.The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advances in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in relation to adipose tissue dysfunction,and in the pathophysiology linking vitamin D deficiency with NAFLD and adiposity,together with an overview of the evidence available on the clinical utility of vitamin D supplementation in cases of NAFLD. | Flavia A Cimini Ilaria Barchetta Simone Carotti Laura Bertoccini Marco G Baroni Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci Maria-Gisella Cavallo Sergio Morini | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，19： | 9 |
| 8 | Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori influence gene expression and risk of gastric carcinogenesis in the Brazilian population显示文摘BACKGROUND Toll-like receptors(TLRs)are the first line of host defense,and are involved in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)recognition and activation of both inflammatory and carcinogenic processes.The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in genes that activate the immune response may modulate the risk of precancerous lesions and gastric cancer(GC).Among them,Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)polymorphisms have emerged with a risk factor of infectious diseases and cancer,however the studies are still inconclusive.AIM To evaluate whether TLR9 rs5743836 and rs187084 SNPs contribute to the risk of gastric carcinogenesis,and its influence on mRNA expression.METHODS A case-control study was conducted to evaluate two TLR9 SNPs(TLR9-1237 TCrs5743836 and TLR9-1486 CT-rs187084)in chronic gastritis(CG)and GC patients.A total of 609 DNA samples of peripheral blood[248 CG,161 GC,and 200 samples from healthy individuals(C)]were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.All samples were tested for the H.pylori infection using Hpx1 and Hpx2 primers.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction by TaqMan?assay was used to quantify TLR9 mRNA from fresh gastric tissues(48 GC,26 CG,and 14 C).RESULTS For TLR9-1237,the TC+CC or CC genotypes were associated with a higher risk of GC than C[recessive model odds ratio(OR)=5.01,95%confidence interval(CI):2.52-9.94,P<0.0001],and the CG(recessive model OR=4.63;95%CI:2.44-8.79,P<0.0001)groups.For TLR9-1486,an association between the CT+TT genotypes and increased risk of both GC(dominant model OR=2.72,95%CI:1.57-4.72,P<0.0001)and CG(dominant model OR=1.79,95%CI:1.15-2.79,P=0.0094)was observed when compared to the C group.Moreover,the presence of TLR9-1237 TC/CC+TLR9-1486 CC genotypes potentiate the risk for this neoplasm(OR=18.57;95%CI:5.06-68.15,P<0.0001).The TLR9 mRNA level was significantly higher in the GC group(RQ=9.24,P<0.0001)in relation to the CG group(RQ=1.55,P=0.0010)and normal mucosa(RQ=1.0).When the samples were grouped according to the polymorphic genotypes and the presence of H.pylori infection,an influence of TLR9-1237 TC+CC polymorphic genotypes(P=0.0083)and H.pylori infection(P<0.0001)was observed on the upregulation of mRNA expression.CONCLUSION Our findings show that TLR9 rs5743836 and rs187084 polymorphisms are associated with a higher risk of carcinogenesis gastric,and that TLR9 mRNA levels can be modulated by TLR9-1237 TC+CC variant genotypes and H.pylori infection. | Manoela Dias Susi de Matos Lourenco Caroline Lucas Trevizani Rasmussen Spencer Luis Marques Payao Ana Flavia Teixeira Rossi Ana Elizabete Silva Juliana Garcia de Oliveira-Cucolo | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，11： | 9 |
| 9 | Cholangiocarcinoma and malignant bile duct obstruction: A review of last decades advances in therapeutic endoscopy显示文摘In the last decades many advances have been achieved in endoscopy, in the diagnosis and therapy of cholangiocarcinoma, however blood test, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan may fail to detect neoplastic disease at early stage, thus the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma is achieved usually at unresectable stage. In the last decades the role of endoscopy has moved from a diagnostic role to an invaluable therapeutic tool for patients affected by malignant bile duct obstruction. One of the major issues for cholangiocarcinoma is bile ducts occlusion, leading to jaundice, cholangitis and hepatic failure. Currently, endoscopy has a key role in the work up of cholangiocarcinoma, both in patients amenable to surgical intervention as well as in those unfit for surgery or not amenable to immediate surgical curative resection owing to locally advanced or advanced disease, with palliative intention. Endoscopy allows successful biliary drainage and stenting in more than 90% of patients with malignant bile duct obstruction, and allows rapid reduction of jaundice decreasing the risk of biliary sepsis. When biliary drainage and stenting cannot be achieved with endoscopy alone, endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage represents an effective alternative method affording successful biliary drainage in more than 80% of cases. The purpose of this review is to focus on the currently available endoscopic management options in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. | Helga Bertani Marzio Frazzoni Santi Mangiafico Angelo Caruso Mauro Manno Vincenzo Giorgio Mirante Flavia Pigò Carmelo Barbera Raffaele Manta Rita Conigliaro | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，6： | 8 |
| 10 | Natural history of chronic hepatitis B: Special emphasis on disease progression and prognostic factors显示文摘 | Giovanna Fattovich Flavia Bortolotti Francesco Donato | 2007 | Journal of Hepatology2007，，2： | 8 |
| 11 | Liver transplantation for hepatic tumors:a systematic review显示文摘Improvements in the medical and pharmacological management of liver transplantation(LT)recipients have led to a better long-term outcome and extension of the indications for this procedure.Liver tumors are relevant to LT;however,the use of LT to treat malignancies remains a debated issue because the high risk of recurrence.In this review we considered LT for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),cholangiocarcinoma(CCA),liver metastases(LM)and other rare tumors.We reviewed the literature,focusing on the past 10 years.The highly selected Milan criteria of LT for HCC(single nodule<5 cm or up to 3 nodules<3cm)have been recently extended by a group from the University of S.Francisco(1 lesion<6.5 cm or up to3 lesions<4.5 cm)with satisfying results in terms of recurrence-free survival and the'up-to-seven criteria'.Moreover,using these criteria,other transplant groups have recently developed downstaging protocols,including surgical or loco-regional treatments of HCC,which have increased the post-operative survival of recipients.CCA may be treated by LT in patients who cannot undergo liver resection because of underlying liver disease or for anatomical technical challenges.A well-defined protocol of chemoirradiation and staging laparotomy before LT has been developed by the Mayo Clinic,which has resulted in long term diseasefree survival comparable to other indications.LT for LM has also been investigated by multicenter studies.It offers a real benefit for metastases from neuroendocrine tumors that are well differentiated and when a major extrahepatic resection is not required.If LT is an option in these selected cases,liver metastases from colorectal cancer is still a borderline indication because data concerning the disease-free survival are still lacking.Hepatoblastoma and hemangioendothelioma represent rare primary tumors for which LT is often the only possible and effective cure because of the frequent multifocal,intrahepatic nature of the disease.LT is a very promising procedure for both primary and secondary liver malignancies;however,it needs an accurate evaluation of the costs and benefits for each indication to balance the chances of cure with actual organ availability. | Matteo Ravaioli Giorgio Ercolani Flavia Neri Matteo Cescon Giacomo Stacchini Massimo Del Gaudio Alessandro Cucchetti Antonio Daniele Pinna | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，18： | 8 |
| 12 | 单个汽球 enteroscopy : 技术方面和临床的应用显示文摘 The small bowel has long been considered a black box for endoscopists because of its long length and the presence of multiple complex loop. Most of the small bowel is inaccessible by traditional endoscopic means. In addition, radiographic studies have significant limitations with regard to diagnostic yield, and surgery is an invasive alternative. This limitation was overcome through the development of balloon enteroscopy that becomes established throughout the world for diagnostic and therapeutic examinations of the small bowel. The single-balloon enteroscope (SBE) system (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) was introduced into the commercial market in 2007. Several study demonstrated its efficacy and safety. Early reports on the use of singleballoon enteroscopy have suggested a high diagnostic yield and similar therapeutic potential to that of the double-balloon endoscope. SBE is viable technique for in the management of small bowel disease. Technically, it is easy to perform, may be efficient, and in the literature data available, seems to provide high diagnostic and therapeutic yield. | Mauro Manno Carmelo Barbera Helga Bertani Raffaele Manta Vincenzo Giorgio Mirante Emanuele Dabizzi Angelo Caruso Flavia Pigo Giampiero Olivetti Rita Conigliaro | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，4，2： | 8 |
| 13 | Value of a newly sequenced bacterial genome显示文摘Next-generation sequencing(NGS) technologies have made high-throughput sequencing available to medium- and small-size laboratories, culminating in a tidal wave of genomic information. The quantity of sequenced bacterial genomes has not only brought excitement to the field of genomics but also heightened expectations that NGS would boost antibacterial discovery and vaccine development. Although many possible drug and vaccine targets have been discovered, the success rate of genome-based analysis has remained below expectations. Furthermore, NGS has had consequences for genome quality, resulting in an exponential increase in draft(partial data) genome deposits in public databases. If no further interests are expressed for a particular bacterial genome, it is more likely that the sequencing of its genome will be limited to a draft stage, and the painstaking tasks of completing the sequencing of its genome and annotation will not be undertaken. It is important to know what is lost when we settle for a draft genome and to determine the 'scientific value' of a newly sequenced genome. This review addresses the expected impact of newly sequenced genomes on antibacterial discovery and vaccinology. Also, it discusses the factors that could be leading to the increase in the number of draft deposits and the consequent loss of relevant biological information. | Eudes GV Barbosa Flavia F Aburjaile Rommel TJ Ramos Adriana R Carneiro Yves Le Loir Jan Baumbach Anderson Miyoshi Artur Silva Vasco Azevedo | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，2： | 7 |
| 14 | Malignant hepatic vascular tumors in adults: Characteristics,diagnostic difficulties and current management显示文摘Malignant vascular tumors of the liver include rare primary hepatic mesenchymal tumors developed in the background of a normal liver parenchyma. Most of them are detected incidentally by the increased use of performing imaging techniques. Their diagnosis is challenging, involving clinical and imaging criteria, with final confirmation by histology and immunohistochemistry. Surgery represents the mainstay of treatment. Liver transplantation(LT) has improved substantially the prognosis of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(HEHE), with 5-year patient survival rates of up to 81%, based on the European Liver Intestine Transplantation AssociationEuropean Liver Transplant Registry study. Unfortunately, the results of surgery and LT are dismal in cases of hepatic angiosarcoma(HAS). Due to the disappointing results of very short survival periods of approximately 6-7 mo after LT, because of tumor recurrence and rapid progression of the disease, HAS is considered an absolute contraindication to LT. Recurrences after surgical resection are high in cases of HEHE and invariably present in cases of HAS. The discovery of reliable prognostic markers and the elaboration of prognostic scores following LT are needed to provide the best therapeutic choice for each patient.Studies on a few patients have demonstrated the stabilization of the disease in a proportion of patients with hepatic vascular tumors using novel targeted antiangiogenic agents, cytokines or immunotherapy. These new approaches,alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities, such as surgery and classical chemotherapy, need further investigation to assess their role in prolonging patient survival. Personalized therapeutic algorithms according to the histopathological features, behavior, molecular biology and genetics of the tumors should be elaborated in the near future for the management of patients diagnosed with primary malignant vascular tumors of the liver. | Daniela Cornelia Lazar Mihaela Flavia Avram Ioan Romosan Violetta Vacariu Adrian Goldis Marioara Cornianu | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2019，10，3： | 7 |
| 15 | Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells:A promisingstrategy to manage alcoholic liver disease显示文摘Chronic alcohol consumption is a major cause of liver disease.The term alcoholic liver disease(ALD)refers to a spectrum of mild to severe disorders including steatosis,steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.With limited therapeutic options,stem cell therapy offers significant potential for these patients.In this article,we review the pathophysiologic features of ALD and the therapeutic mechanisms of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells,also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),based on their potential to differentiate into hepatocytes,their immunomodulatory properties,their potential to promote residual hepatocyte regeneration,and their capacity to inhibit hepatic stellate cells.The perfect match between ALD pathogenesis and MSC therapeutic mechanisms,together with encouraging,available preclinical data,allow us to support the notion that MSC transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy to manage ALD onset and progression. | Fernando Ezquer Flavia Bruna Sebastián Calligaris Paulette Conget Marcelo Ezquer | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 6 |
| 16 | Lack of specific association between gastric autoimmunity hallmarks and clinical presentations of atrophic body gastritis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the possible relationships between gastric autoimmune phenomena and clinical presentations of this disorder, in consecutive atrophic body gastritis patients.METHODS: A total of 140 atrophic body gastritis patients,diagnosed as consecutive outpatients presenting with macrocytic or iron deficiency anemia, or longstanding dyspepsia underwent gastroscopy with antral and body biopsies, assay of intrinsic factor, parietal cells and Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) antibodies. Gastritis was assessed according to Sydney System.RESULTS: Parietal cell antibodies were equally distributed in all clinical presentations, whereas the positivity of intrinsic factor antibodies (49/140, 35%) was significantly higher in pernicious anemia patients (49.2%) than in iron deficiency (21.1%) and dyspeptic patients (27.8%). No specific pattern of autoantibodies was related to the clinical presentations of atrophic body gastritis. A positive correlation was obtained between the body atrophy score and the intrinsic factor antibody levels (r = 0.2216,P = 0.0085). Associated autoimmune diseases were present in 25/140 (17.9%) patients, but the prevalence of autoimmune diseases was comparable, irrespective of the clinical presentations.CONCLUSION: The so-called hallmarks of gastric autoimmunity, particularly in intrinsic factor antibody cannot be usefully employed in defining an autoimmune pattern in the clinical presentations of ABG. | Bruno Annibale Edith Lahner Riccardo Negrini Flavia Baccini Cesare Bordi Bruno Monarca Gianfranco Delle Fave | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，34： | 6 |
| 17 | Gastrointestinal complications after kidney transplantation显示文摘Gastrointestinal complications are common after renal transplantation,and they have a wide clinical spectrum,varying from diarrhoea to post-transplant inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Chronic immunosuppression may increase the risk of post-transplant infection and medication-related injury and may also be responsible for IBD in kidney transplant re-cipients despite immunosuppression.Differentiating the various forms of post-transplant colitis is challenging,since most have similar clinical and histological features.Drug-related colitis are the most frequently encountered colitis after kidney transplantation,particularly those related to the chronic use of mycophenolate mofetil,while de novo IBDs are quite rare.This review will explore colitis after kidney transplantation,with a particular focus on different clinical and histological features,attempting to clearly identify the right treatment,thereby improving the final outcome of patients. | Rossella Gioco Daniela Corona Burcin Ekser Lidia Puzzo Gaetano Inserra Flavia Pinto Chiara Schipa Francesca Privitera Pierfrancesco Veroux Massimiliano Veroux | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，38： | 6 |
| 18 | Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A clinical and laboratory challenge显示文摘The true prevalence of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown. Challenges in determin ing the population prevalence of NAFLD include the type of test (and the reference intervals used to define normal and abnormal), the type of population (general population, hospital series), the demographic characteristics of the population sampled, and the nat ure of the study design. The natural history of pediat ric NAFLD remains uncertain. The issue of when to perform a liver biopsy in children with suspected NAFLD remains controversial. Children with NAFLD but normal alanine aminotransferase are rarely investigated. However, evidence of alterations in glucose metabolism parameters should prompt a better understanding of the natural history of pediatric NAFLD not only in terms of the progression of liver disease but also regarding its potential relationship with other health outcomes such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. This evidence could make liver biopsy mandatory in the majority of cases at risk of progressive and severe hepatic and extrahepatic disease. This conclusion, however, raises the question of the feasibility of liver biopsy assessment in an extremely large at risk popul ation, and of the cost/effectiveness of this policy. There is a considerable, continuous interest in reliable, noninv asive alternatives that will allow the prognosis of pediat ric NAFLD to be followed in large community or populat ionbased studies. | Lucia Pacifico Eleonora Poggiogalle Vito Cantisani Guendalina Menichini Paolo Ricci Flavia Ferraro Claudio Chiesa | 2010 | World Journal of Hepatology2010，2，7： | 6 |
| 19 | Therapeutic and prophylactic thalidomide in TNBS-induced colitis: Synergistic effects on TNF-α, IL-12 and VEGF production显示文摘AIM: To evaluated the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of thalidomide on 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. Thalidomide has been reported to downregulate the expression of tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α), IL-12, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hallmarks of intestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided in five groups of ten animals each. Four groups received a rectal infusion of TNBS in ethanol. The first group was sacrificed 7 d after colitis induction. The second and third groups received either thalidomide or placebo by gavage and were sacrificed at 14 d. The fourth group received thalidomide 6 h before TNBS administration, and was sacrificed 7 d after induction. The fifth group acted as the control group and colitis was not induced. Histological inflammatory scores of the colon were performed and lamina propria CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and VEGF+ cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. TNF-a and IL-12 were quantified in the supernatant of organ cultures by ELISA. RESULTS: Significant reduction in the inflammatory score and in the percentage of VEGF+ cells was observed in the group treated with thalidomide compared with animals not treated with thalidomide. Both TNF-αand IL-12 levels were significantly reduced among TNBS induced colitis animals treated with thalidomide compared with animals that did not receive thalidomide. TNF-αlevels were also significantly reduced among the animals receiving thalidomide prophylaxis compared with untreated animals with TNBS-induced colitis. Intestinal levels of TNF-αand IL-12 were significantly correlated with the inflammatory score and the number of VEGF+ cells. CONCLUSION: Thalidomide significantly attenuates TNBS-induced colitis by inhibiting the intestinal production of TNF-α, IL-12, and VEGF. This effect may support the use of thalidomide as an alternate approach in selected patients with CD. | Ana Teresa Carvalho Heitor Souza Antonio Jose Carneiro Morgana Castelo-Branco Kalil Madi Alberto Schanaider Flavia Silva Fernando Antonio Pereira Júnior Márcia G Pereira Cláudio Tortori Ilana Dines Jane Carvalho Eduardo Rocha Celeste Elia | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，15： | 6 |
| 20 | Up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-a pathway survival genes and of the receptor TNFR2 in gastric cancer显示文摘BACKGROUND Gastric carcinogenesis can be induced by chronic inflammation triggered by Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and its receptors(TNFR1 and TNFR2) regulate important cellular processes, such as apoptosis and cell survival, and the disruption of which can lead to cancer. This signaling pathway is also modulated by microRNAs(miRNAs), altering gene expression.AIM To evaluate the mRNA and miRNAs expression involved in the TNF-α signaling pathway in gastric cancer(GC) tissues and its relationship.METHODS Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) by TaqMan? assay was used to quantify the RNA transcript levels of TNF-α signaling pathway(TNF, TNFR1,TNFR2, TRADD, TRAF2, CFLIP, NFKB1, NFKB2, CASP8, CASP3) and miRNAs that targets genes from this pathway(miR-19 a, miR-34 a, miR-103 a, miR-130 a,miR-181 c) in 30 GC fresh tissue samples. Molecular diagnosis of H. pylori was performed by nested PCR for gene HSP60. A miRNA:mRNA interaction network was construct using Cytoscape v3.1.1 from the in silico analysis performed using public databases.RESULTS Up-regulation of cellular survival genes as TNF, TNFR2, TRADD, TRAF2, CFLIP,and NFKB2, besides CASP8 and miR-34 a was observed in GC tissues, whereas mediators of apoptosis such as TNFR1 and CASP3 were down-regulated. When the samples were stratified by histological type, the expression of miR-103 a and miR-130 a was significantly increased in the diffuse-type of GC compared to the intestinal-type. However, no influence of H. pylori infection was observed on the expression levels of mRNA and miRNAs analyzed. Moreover, the miRNA:mRNA interaction network showed several interrelations between the miRNAs and their target genes, highlighting miR-19 a and miR-103 a, which has as predicted or validated target a large number of genes in the TNF-α pathway,including TNF, TNFR1, TNFR2, CFLIP, TRADD, CASP3 and CASP8.CONCLUSION Our findings show that cell survival genes mediated by TNF/TNFR2 binding is up-regulated in GC favoring its pro-tumoral effect, while pro-apoptotic genes as CASP3 and TNFR1 are down-regulated, indicating disbalance between apoptosis and cell proliferation processes in this neoplasm. This process can also be influenced by an intricate regulatory network of miRNA:mRNA. | Ana Flavia Teixeira Rossi Julia Cocenzo Contiero Fernanda da Silva Manoel-Caetano Fabio Eduardo Severino Ana Elizabete Silva | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，4： | 5 |
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