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| 1 | Cellular automata pedestrian movement model considering human behavior显示文摘The pedestrian movement is more complex than vehicular flow for the reason that people are more flexible and intelligent than car. Without the limit of 搇anes?pedestrian movement is loose and free. Furthermore, they are easily affected by other walkers as well as the environ-ment around. In this paper some special technique is intro-duced considering human behavior to make the rules more reasonable. By simulating the two-dimension pedestrian movement, the phase transition phenomena of pedestrian movement, including the up walkers moving from the bottom to the upper boundary and the right walkers moving from the left to the right boundary, are presented. Studying on the effect of the system size on the critical density shows that the critical density is independent of the system size in the scope studied in this paper. | YANG Lizhong, FANG Weifeng, LI Jian, HUANG Rui & FAN Weicheng State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Tech-nology of China, Hefei 230026, China Correspondence should be addressed to Yang Lizhong (e-mail:zxd@ustc. edu.cn) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，16： | 16 |
| 2 | Progress in research and application of water mist fire suppression technology显示文摘Water mist technology in fire suppression has been a subject of many investigations over the last decade. This paper introduces the concept of water mist technology and discusses its extinguishment mechanisms in comparison with other fire suppression systems briefly. A survey is made on the recent applications of water mist for (1) Class B spray and pool fires in machinery spaces, gas turbine enclosures, combat vehicles, and flammable liquid storage rooms; (2) Class A fires in residential occupancies, marine accommoda-tions and public spaces, heritage buildings and libraries; (3) Class C fires in electronic equipment and computer rooms; and (4) the fires in aircraft onboard cabin and cargo com-partments. The paper proceeds to review some new applica-tions of water mist for the Class K fires in commercial cook rooms. Use of water mist for total-ship protection as well as the fire protection of heavy goods vehicle shuttle trains is also investigated. At last, the up-to-date development of corresponding test to evaluate the capabilities and limitaions of water mist is discussed. | LIU Jianghong, LIAO Guangxuan, LI Peide, FAN Weicheng & LU Qiang State Key Laboratory of fire Science, University of Science and Tech-nology of China, Hefei 230026, China Correspondence should be addressed to Liu Jianghong (e-mail: ljh@ ustc.edu.cn) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，8： | 15 |
| 3 | Transient Free Convection and Thermal Stratification in Uniformly-Heated Partially-Filled Horizontal Cylindrical and Spherical Vessels显示文摘Anintegral approach has been used to analyze the development of the free convection boundary layer on heated concave surfaces,such as those in horizontal cylinders or a sphere,Based on the non-dimensional laminar and turbulent velocity and temperature profiles closed form expressions for the boundary layer thickness,velocity scale as well as the boundary layer commencement after the point of instability are obtained.In addition,the mass flowrate to the thermal stratified rgeion is given. | C.M.Yu Professor,Department of Thermal Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,ChinaN.U.Aydemir Atomic Energy of Canada Limited,Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment,Pinawa,Manitoba,ROE 1LO,CanadaJ.E.S.Venart Fire Science Centre,University of New Brunswick,P.O.Box 4400,Fredericton,NB E3B 5A3,Canada | 1992 | Journal of Thermal Science1992，1，2： | 13 |
| 4 | Study on fire-retardant nanocrystalline Mg-Al layered double hydroxides synthesized by microwavecrystallization method显示文摘Nanocrystalline Mg-Al layered double hydroxides with the particle size being 10—40 nm were firstly prepared by the technology of the microwave-crystallization and the vari- able-speed addition of the alkali. The obtained samples were characterized by TEM and XRD. The roles of the microwave and addition rate of the alkali were also discussed in the present work. The thermal decomposition activation energy of the nano-LDHs was calculated according to their TG, DTG and DSC curves by the Ozawa method. The results showed that the thermal decom- position of the nano-LDHs had four steps. Thereby the decomposition model of the nano-LDHs was supposed according to the analysis of their thermal decomposition. After PS, ABS, HDPE and PVC were filled with the nano-LDHs, their LOI values could be increased up to 28, 27, 26 and 33, respectively. When the fire-retardant coating contained 1.9% of the nano-LDHs that was 0.27 times the dosage of the conventional TiO2, its fire endurance time reached 32.75min that was 7.05 min longer than that of the best coating containing TiO2 according to the model big-panel combustion test method. | ZHANG Zejiang1, XU Chenghua1, QIU Fali1, MEI Xiujuan2, LAN Bin2 & ZHANG Shuosheng2 1. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China 2. Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Public Safety Ministry, Chengdu 611830, China | 2004 | Science China Chemistry2004，47，6： | 9 |
| 5 | Experimental study on fire smoke movement in a multi-floor and multi-room building显示文摘Fire smoke movement of multi-floor and multi-room (MFMR) fire was studied at the model test building in State Key Laboratory of Fire Science (SKLFS). The ingredient, temperature, air pressure difference and air velocity of smoke were measured and analyzed. Meanwhile, the hazard of smoke ingredient to exposed occupants was analyzed based on the national standard, Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2-2002). The experimental results showed that the maximum temperature difference in MFMR fire was located along the vertical height from the fire source. With the spreading and diffusion of smoke, the temperature of smoke layer would tend to be no difference. In the fire of woodpile and kerosene, the main smoke ingredients such as SO 2 , CO and CO 2 would first exceed human’s average physiological limit, while smoke ingredients such as NO and NO 2 would come behind. Because of the higher fluctuation range and frequency of air pressure difference of smoke in multi-layer building fire, the fire smoke would spread around everywhere of the passageway and made the human evacuation more difficult. | ZHONG Maohua 1, 2 , LI Peide 2 , LIU Tiemin 1 , WEI Xing 1, 2 & LIAO Guangxuan 2 1. National Center of Safety Science and Technology, State Administration of Work Safety, Beijing 100029, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China | 2005 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2005，48，3： | 4 |
| 6 | A NEW SYNERGIST FOR INTUMESCENT FLAME RETARDANT POLYPROPYLENE显示文摘The synergistic effects of silicotungstic acid (SiW12) as a catalyst in the phosphorus-nitrogen compounds AM-based intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) polypropylene (PP) were studied using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), the UL-94test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), real time Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS). TheLOI data show that SiW12 added to PP/IFR systems has a synergistic FR effect with an IFR additive named AM. The TGAdata show that SiW12 apparently increases the thermal stability of the PP/IFR systems at high temperature (T > 500 ℃). TheFTIR results provide the positive evidence that IFR can improve the thermal stability of PP and SiW12 can induce a higherrate of formation of phosphoric acid and its derivatives. The LRS measurements provide useful information on thecarbonaceous microstructures. In short, a suitable amount of SiW12 (1.5 wt%) exertssynergistic effects with the IFR byincreasing the LOI value and the thermal stability at high temperature and promoting the formation of charred structures onthe burning PP surface. | Qiang Wu Bao-jun Qu State Key Laboratory of Fire Science and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 China | 2002 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2002，20，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Catastrophe mechanism and classification of discontinuity behavior in thermal science (Ⅰ)——Fold catastrophe显示文摘The mechanism of discontinuity behavior has important significance in the study of thermal science, such as fire, combustion, explosion and heat transfer. This sort of discontinuity behavior and the catastrophe caused by system nonlinearity may be equivalently classified according to the catastrophe model promulgated by catastrophe theory. Under the conditions of uniform temperature and thermal isolation, the self-ignition behavior of a Semenov System can be viewed as a result of the fold catastrophe of the system. | XIE Zhikang, FAN Weicheng & WANG Qing’anState Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，19： | 3 |
| 8 | Numerical simulation of fire development in a single compartment based on cone calorimeter experiments显示文摘The burning characteristics of several kinds of wood and polyurethane materials have been studied using cone calorimeter (CONE2A). A new and simple ignition criterion, heat release rate model and mass loss rate model are proposed based on experiments. Combined with these models, the zone-model of fire can be used to predict fire development in a single compartment according to the species of combustibles, their quantities and distribution. Calculated results show that this method is simple and feasible. | JI Jingwei, CHENG Yuanping, YANG Lizhong and FAN Weicheng( State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China College of Energy Science and Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China) | 2002 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2002，12，5： | 3 |
| 9 | Experimental Study on the Interaction of Fine Water Spray with Liquid Pool Fires显示文摘An experimental study of the interaction of a fine water spray with liquid pool fires was performed. Spatially resolved droplet size, velocity distributions, and volume flux of the fine water spray have been obtained in two types of pressure-atomized fine spray, using LDAIAPV technology. A method to correct for the presence of droplets is presented and used to determine the heat release rate using a cone calorimeter system, the effects of water spray application on the heat release rate for liquid pool fires were studied. It was found that the volume flux of the water spray is an important factor to determine the liquid pool fire behavior. For the current experimental conditions, the flame was enlarged when lower volume flux of water is used, and suppressed significantly when larger volumes of water are used. Two opposing mechanisms compete when water sprays are applied, which is more complex than the halon agents, such as 1301. The combustion enhancement becomes insignificant when water sprays with the proper characteristics such as adequate volume flux are applied to the diffusion flame in a confined space. | Guangxuan LiaoJianghong LiuJun QinBin Yao State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026,P.R.China | 2001 | Journal of Thermal Science2001，10，4： | 3 |
| 10 | RNA as a target of double-stranded RNA-mediated genetic interference in Caenorhabditis elegans显示文摘 | Montgomery MK Xu S Fire A | 1998 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1998，95，15： | 2 |
| 11 | Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans显示文摘 | Fire A Xu S Montgomery MK | | 0，，6669： | 2 |
| 12 | Hyperbranched Polyurethane Acrylate Applied to UV Curable Flame Retardant Coatings显示文摘UV curable hyperbranched prepolymers based on amine-ester, ester-amide and ether-amide started with AB2-type monomers have been prepared by the authors[1~3]. A se-ries of work on allyl ether maleate hyperbranched polyesters for UV curing coatings by Hult and his colleagues has been reported[4]. However, the UV cured films from those materials are all flammable when attached to fire without addition of flame retardants. | ZHU Sheng-Wu and SHI Wen-Fang~(**)(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China) To whom correspondence should be addressed. | 2001 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2001，17，3： | 2 |
| 13 | Study on the coating of nano-scale SiO_2 film on the surface of nanocrystalline Mg-Al layered double hydroxides显示文摘The coating process of a nano-scale SiO2 film on the nanocrystalline Mg-Al layered double hydroxides via a sol-gel process was investigated. The uniform and dense SiO2film with a thickness of about 5 nm on the nano-LDHs particles was characterized by the solubility test in the dilute HNO3 or HCl acid, TEM and FT-IR, XRD, TG and DSC. The chemical shifts of binding en- ergies of Al 2p, Mg 2p, Si 2s and O 1s on the coated particles indicate that the coating of the SiO2 nano-film on the surface of the nano-LDHs proceeds through the formation of Mg-O-Si and Al-O-Si bonds. The thermal analysis shows that both the SiO2-coated nano-LDHs and the nano-LDHs have a similar mass loss process, in which there are three obvious stages of mass loss in the temperature range of 40—700℃. Furthermore, the more the coatedamount of SiO2on the surface of the nano-LDHs is, the less the mass loss of the samples is at 700℃.The nano- LDHs have two obvious endothermic peaks at 244.67℃ and 430.13℃, whose corresponding heat absorption capacities are 412.28 J/g and 336.30 J/g, respectively. In contrast, the coated nano-LDHs have only one endothermic peak at 243.60℃ with a heat absorption capacity of 221.25 J/g. | ZHANG Zejiang1,2,3, MEI Xiujuan2, XU Chenghua1 & QIU Fali1 1. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China 2. Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Public Security Ministry, Chengdu 611830, China 3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China Correspondence should be addressed to Zhang Zejiang (email: zzjzzjzz@mail.sc.cninfo.net) | 2005 | Science China Chemistry2005，48，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans显示文摘 | Fire A Xu S Montgomery MK | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 15 | Potent and specific genetic interference by double stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans显示文摘 | Fire A Xu S Montgomery M K Kostas S A | 1998 | Nature1998，391，6669： | 1 |
| 16 | Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans 显示文摘 | Fire A Xu S Montgomery MK | 1998 | Nature1998，391，6669： | 1 |
| 17 | Ingestion of bacterially expressed dsRNAs can produce specific and potent genetic interference in Cae- norhabditis elegans显示文摘 | TIMMONS L COURT D L FIRE A | 2001 | Gene2001，263，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans显示文摘 | Fire A Xu S Montgomery M K | 1998 | Nature1998，391，： | 1 |
| 19 | Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans显示文摘 | Xu S Montgomery MK | 1998 | Nature1998，391，： | 1 |
| 20 | Potent and Specific Genetic Interference by Double-Stranded RNA in Cae- norhabditis Elegans 显示文摘 | FIRE A XU S MONTGOMERY M K | 1998 | Nature1998，391，6669： | 1 |
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