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| 1 | Circulating microRNAs in cardiovascular diseases: from biomarkers to therapeutic targets显示文摘microRNAs (miRNAs ) 是有的保存、短、非编码的 RNA 的一个班重要并且在 posttranscriptional 调整基因表示的有势力能力铺平。在过去的几年里,在心血管的系统的 miRNAs 的异常表达式广泛地被报导了,并且在心开发和各种各样的心血管的疾病的 pathophysiology 的某特殊 miRNAs 的关键角色逐渐地被认出了。最近, miRNAs 富有地并且稳定地在外部循环被介绍,这被发现。这提起了为疾病把传播 miRNAs 用作 biomarkers 的可能性。而且,一些研究证明那传播 miRNAs 可以用作房间房间通讯的新奇细胞外的通信员。这些发现不仅在心血管的系统揭示传播 miRNAs 的功能而且通知发展 miRNAs 治疗学的策略。在这评论,我们从 biomarkers 在许多心血管的疾病讨论传播 miRNAs 的潜在的角色到治疗学的目标清楚地在心血管的系统理解传播 miRNAs 的角色。 | FengWang Chen Chen Daowen Wang | 2014 | Frontiers of Medicine2014，8，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Sugar metabolism and accumulation in the fruit of transgenic apple trees with decreased sorbitol synthesis显示文摘Both sorbitol and sucrose are synthesized in source leaves and transported to fruit for supporting fruit growth in tree fruit species of the Rosaceae family.In apple(Malus domestica),antisense suppression of aldose-6-phosphate reductase,the key enzyme for sorbitol synthesis,significantly decreased the sorbitol concentration but increased the sucrose concentration in leaves,leading to a lower sorbitol but a higher sucrose supply to fruit in these plants.In response to this altered carbon supply,the transgenic fruit had lower concentration of sorbitol and much higher concentration of glucose but similar levels of fructose,sucrose,and starch throughout fruit development relative to the untransformed control.Activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase,fructokinase,and sucrose phosphate synthase were lower,whereas activities of neutral invertase,sucrose synthase,and hexokinase were higher in the transgenic fruit during fruit development.Transcript levels of MdSOT1,MdSDHs,MdFK2,and MdSPS3/6 were downregulated,whereas transcript levels of MdSUC1/4,MdSUSY1-3,MdNIV1/3,MdHKs,and MdTMT1 were upregulated in the transgenic fruit.These findings suggest that the Sucrose cycle and the sugar transport system are very effective in maintaining the level of fructose and provide insights into the roles of sorbitol and sucrose in regulating sugar metabolism and accumulation in sorbitol-synthesizing species. | Mingjun Li Pengmin Li Fengwang Ma Abhaya M.Dandekar Lailiang Cheng | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 12 |
| 3 | Simultaneous determination of quetiapine and three metabolites in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry显示文摘AIM:To develop a high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/ESI)method for simultaneous determination of quetiapine and its sulfoxide-, 7-hydroxy-, 7-hydroxy-N-dealkyl-metabolites in human plasma. METHODS: The HPLC separation of the compounds was performed on a Kromasil C18, (5μm, 4.6 mm×150 mm) column, using water (formic acid: 1.70 mmol/L, ammonium acetate: 5.8 mmol/L)-acetoni-trile (65:35) as mobile phase, with a flow-rate of 0.95 mL/min. The compounds were ionized in the electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source of the mass spectrometer and detected in the selected ion recording (SIR) mode. The samples were extracted using solid-phase extraction columns. RESULTS: The calibration curves were linear in theranges of 10-2000 μg/L for quetiapine, 1-200 μg/L for its metabolites, respectively. The average extraction recoveries for all the four samples were above 85 %. The methodology recoveries were much higher than 95 %. Theintra-day and inter-day RSD are less than 15 %. CONCLUSION: The method is accurate, sensitive, and simple for study of pharmacokinetics and metabolic mechanism of quetiapine in patients at therapeutic dose. | Kun-yanLI Ze-nengCHENG XinLI Xue-lianBAI Bi-kuiZHANG FengWANG Huan-deLI | 2004 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2004，25，1： | 10 |
| 4 | Increased activity of MdFRK2, a high-affinity fructokinase, leads to upregulation of sorbitol metabolism and downregulation of sucrose metabolism in apple leaves显示文摘To investigate the functions of fructokinase(FRK)in apple(Malus domestica)carbohydrate metabolism,we cloned the coding sequences of MdFRK1 and MdFRK2 from the‘Royal Gala’apple.The results showed that MdFRK2 expression was extremely high in shoot tips and young fruit.Analyses of heterologously expressed proteins revealed that MdFRK2 had a higher affinity for fructose than did MdFRK1,with Km values of 0.1 and 0.62 mM for MdFRK2 and MdFRK1,respectively.The two proteins,however,exhibited similar Vmax values when their activities were significantly inhibited by high concentrations of fructose.MdFRK2 ectopic expression was associated with a general decrease in fructose concentration in transgenic lines.In leaves,increased FRK activity similarly resulted in reduced concentrations of glucose and sucrose but no alterations in sorbitol concentration.When compared with those in the untransformed control,genes involved in sorbitol synthesis(A6PR)and the degradation pathway(SDH1/2)were significantly upregulated in transgenic lines,whereas those involved in sucrose synthesis(SPS1)and other degradation processes(SUSY4,NINV1/2,and HxK2)were downregulated.The activity of enzymes participating in carbohydrate metabolism was proportional to the level of gene expression.However,the growth performance and photosynthetic efficiency did not differ between the transgenic and wild-type plants.These results provide new genetic evidence to support the view that FRK plays roles in regulating sugar and sorbitol metabolism in Rosaceae plants. | Jingjing Yang Lingcheng Zhu Weifang Cui Chen Zhang Dongxia Li Baiquan Ma Lailiang Cheng Yong-Ling Ruan Fengwang Ma Mingjun Li | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 9 |
| 5 | MdATG18a overexpression improves basal thermotolerance in transgenic apple by decreasing damage to chloroplasts显示文摘High temperature is an abiotic stress factor that threatens plant growth and development.Autophagy in response to heat stress involves the selective removal of heat-induced protein complexes.Previously,we showed that a crucial autophagy protein from apple,MdATG18a,has a positive effect on drought tolerance.In the present study,we treated transgenic apple(Malus domestica)plants overexpressing MdATG18a with high temperature and found that autophagy protected them from heat stress.Overexpression of MdATG18a in apple enhanced antioxidase activity and contributed to the production of increased beneficial antioxidants under heat stress.Transgenic apple plants exhibited higher photosynthetic capacity,as shown by the rate of CO_(2) assimilation,the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II(PSII),the effective quantum yield,and the electron transport rates in photosystems I and II(PSI and PSII,respectively).We also detected elevated autophagic activity and reduced damage to chloroplasts in transgenic plants compared to WT plants.In addition,the transcriptional activities of several HSP genes were increased in transgenic apple plants.In summary,we propose that autophagy plays a critical role in basal thermotolerance in apple,primarily through a combination of enhanced antioxidant activity and reduced chloroplast damage. | Liuqing Huo Xun Sun Zijian Guo Xin Jia Runmin Che Yiming Sun Yanfei Zhu Ping Wang Xiaoqing Gong Fengwang Ma | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 9 |
| 6 | Overexpression of MdATG18a in apple improves resistance to Diplocarpon mali infection by enhancing antioxidant activity and salicylic acid levels显示文摘Marssonina apple blotch,caused by Diplocarpon mali,is one of the most serious diseases of apple.Autophagy plays a key role in pathogen resistance.We previously showed that MdATG18a has a positive influence on drought tolerance.Herein,we describe how overexpression(OE)of MdATG18a enhances resistance to D.mali infection,probably because less H2O2 but more salicylic acid(SA)is accumulated in the leaves of OE apple plants.Expression of chitinase,β-1,3-glucanase,and SA-related marker genes was induced more strongly by D.mali in OE lines.Transcript levels of other important MdATG genes were also drastically increased by D.mali in OE plants,which indicated increased autophagy activities.Taken together,these results demonstrate that OE of MdATG18a enhances resistance to infection by D.mali and plays positive roles in H2O2-scavenging and SA accumulations.Our findings provide important information for designing strategies which could induce autophagy to minimize the impact of this disease on apple production. | Xun Sun Liuqing Huo Xin Jia Runmin Che Xiaoqing Gong Ping Wang Fengwang Ma | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 8 |
| 7 | Effects of location within the tree canopy on carbohydrates,organic acids,amino acids and phenolic compounds in the fruit peel and flesh from three apple(Malus×domestica)cultivars显示文摘Fruits from three cultivars of apple(Malus × domestica Borkh.)—‘McIntosh’,‘Gala’and‘Mutsu’—were harvested from the exterior and interior of the tree canopy.Peel and flesh tissues were sampled separately to determine how the position of the fruit on the tree might affect the levels of the primary and secondary metabolites in the fruit.Fruit from the outer-canopy had a higher fresh weight and a higher soluble solids content compared with inner-canopy fruit.Both the flesh and peel of the outer-canopy fruit had higher concentrations of soluble sugars and sugar alcohols,but lower starch concentrations than the inner-canopy fruit.Canopy position did not significantly affect malic acid concentrations,except in the peel of‘McIntosh’and the flesh of‘Mutsu’.Although levels of ascorbic and succinic acids were higher in the peel of the outer-canopy fruit,the responses of other organic acids to canopy position depended on tissue type and cultivar.Except for histidine,lysine,threonine and glycine,most amino acids accumulated at higher concentrations in the inner-canopy fruit.By contrast,levels of phenolic compounds from both the peel and flesh were significantly higher in the outer-canopy fruit.The significant effects of location within the canopy on both primary metabolites and secondary metabolites demonstrate the importance of light exposure on apple fruit quality. | Fengjuan Feng Mingjun Li Fengwang Ma Lailiang Cheng | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 7 |
| 8 | Histological, hormonal and transcriptomic reveal the changes upon gibberellin-induced parthenocarpy in pear fruit显示文摘Phytohormones play crucial roles in fruit set regulation and development.Here,gibberellins(GA4+7),but not GA3,induced pear parthenocarpy.To systematically investigate the changes upon GA4+7 induced pear parthenocarpy,dynamic changes in histology,hormone and transcript levels were observed and identified in unpollinated,pollinated and GA4+7-treated ovaries.Mesocarp cells continued developing in both GA4+7-treated and pollinated ovaries.In unpollinated ovaries,mesocarp cells stopped developing 14 days after anthesis.During fruit set process,GA4+7,but not GA1+3,increased after pollination.Abscisic acid(ABA)accumulation was significantly repressed by GA4+7 or pollination,but under unpollinated conditions,ABA was produced in large quantities.Moreover,indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis was not induced by GA4+7 or pollination treatments.Details of this GA–auxin–ABA cross-linked gene network were determined by a comparative transcriptome analysis.The indole-3-acetic acid transport-related genes,mainly auxin efflux carrier component genes,were induced in both GA4+7-treated and pollinated ovaries.ABA biosynthetic genes of the 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase family were repressed by GA4+7 and pollination.Moreover,directly related genes in the downstream parthenocarpy network involved in cell division and expansion(upregulated),and MADS-box family genes(downregulated),were also identified.Thus,a model of GA-induced hormonal balance and its effects on parthenocarpy were established. | Lulu Liu Zhigang Wang Jianlong Liu Fengxia Liu Rui Zhai Chunqin Zhu Huibin Wang Fengwang Ma Lingfei Xu | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 7 |
| 9 | How freezing and thawing processes affect black-soil aggregate stability in northeastern China显示文摘Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of freezing and thawing processes on wet aggregate stability (WAS) of black soil. Wet aggregate stability was determined by different aggregate size groups, different water contents, various freeze-thaw cycles, and various freezing temperatures. The results showed that, when at suitable water content, aggregate stability was enhanced, aggregate sta-bility will be disrupted when moisture content is too high or too low, especially higher water content. Temperature also had a significant ef-fect, but moisture content determined the suitable freezing temperatures for a given soil. Water-stable aggregate (WSA>0.5), the total aggre-gate content, and mean weight diameter decreasing with the freeze-thaw cycles increase, reached to 5 percent significance level. The reason for crumbing aggregates is the water and air conflict, thus raising the hypothesis that water content affects the aggregate stability in the process of freezing and thawing. | FengWang XiaoZeng Han LiangHao Li KeQiang Zhang | 2010 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2010，2，1： | 7 |
| 10 | The apple DNA-binding one zinc-finger protein MdDof54 promotes drought resistance显示文摘DNA-binding one zinc-finger(Dof)proteins constitute a family of transcription factors with a highly conserved Dof domain that contains a C2C2 zinc-finger motif.Although several studies have demonstrated that Dof proteins are involved in multiple plant processes,including development and stress resistance,the functions of these proteins in drought stress resistance are largely unknown.Here,we report the identification of the MdDof54 gene from apple and document its positive roles in apple drought resistance.After long-term drought stress,compared with nontransgenic plants,MdDof54 RNAi plants had significantly shorter heights and weaker root systems;the transgenic plants also had lower shoot and root hydraulic conductivity,as well as lower photosynthesis rates.By contrast,compared with nontransgenic plants,MdDof54-overexpressing plants had higher photosynthesis rates and shoot hydraulic conductivity under long-term drought stress.Moreover,compared with nontransgenic plants,MdDof54-overexpressing plants had higher survival percentages under short-term drought stress,whereas MdDof54 RNAi plants had lower survival percentages.MdDof54 RNAi plants showed significant downregulation of 99 genes and significant upregulation of 992 genes in response to drought,and 366 of these genes were responsive to drought.We used DAPseq and ChIP-seq analyses to demonstrate that MdDof54 recognizes cis-elements that contain an AAAG motif.Taken together,our results provide new information on the functions of MdDof54 in plant drought stress resistance as well as resources for apple breeding aimed at the improvement of drought resistance. | Pengxiang Chen Mingjia Yan Lei Li Jieqiang He Shuangxi Zhou Zhongxing Li Chundong Niu Chana Bao Fang Zhi Fengwang Ma Qingmei Guan | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 7 |
| 11 | Potassium Uptake and Transport in Apple Roots Under Drought Stress显示文摘As one of the most important mineral nutrient elements, potassium(K^+) plays an important role in many plant physiological processes and determines both the yield and quality of crops. There are two typical gene families that regulate K^+transport in higher plants, including K^+channels and K^+transporters. However, little is known about how these channels and transporters divide their work in response to drought stress. In this study, the hydroponic experiment was conducted on Malus hupehensis. The K^+content was found to decrease in response to drought stress in M. hupehensis, the aboveground decreased by 34.15% and the underground decreased by 3.97%. Meanwhile, the root morphology change was detected by scanning the root system. Under conditions of drought, the genes encoding K^+transporters were upregulated including MdCHX1.3, MdCHX4.11, MdCHX4.8, MdCHX4.9, Md HKT1, and MdHAK3.2. The net influx of K^+was inhibited by 19.47% with the action of K^+channel inhibitors(CsCl), however a significant decrease(80.99%; P < 0.05) was found in roots exposed to a PM H+-ATPase(orthovanadate) inhibitor by utilizing a non-invasive micro-test technique. The trend of H+efflux was similar to that of K^+. The data suggested that the positive influx of K^+through the transporter accounted for the main K^+uptake under drought stress. These results suggest that we can improve the uptake of K^+by purposely up-regulating specific K^+transporters under drought stress. This process may improve growth, yield, quality, and stress tolerance in apple trees. | Jianguo Qi Simin Sun Lin Yang Mingjun Li Fengwang Ma Yangjun Zou | 2019 | Horticultural Plant Journal2019，5，1： | 6 |
| 12 | L-arginine administration ameliorates serum and pulmonary cytokine response after gut ischemia-reperfusion in immature rats显示文摘AIM: Small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) has been demonstrated to result in both local mucosal injury and systemic injuries. The exact role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal IR is unclear. We propose that NO and some other cytokines change in the reperfusion period and these changes are associated with lung injury. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing NO substrate, L-arginine (L-arg), on serum and pulmonary cytokine production during small intestinal IR in immature rats.METHODS: Immature rats underwent 60 min. of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 90 min of reperfusion. L-arg (250 mg/kg) was given intravenously to the experimental group (IR+L-arg) which received L-arg after 45 min of intestinal ischemia. Serum and lung endothelin-1 (ET-1), NO, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were measured. Sham operation (SHAM) and intestinal IR (IR) groups were performed as control. The lavage fluid of the lung was collected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and white blood cells and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) were immediately counted to identify lung damage.RESULTS: When L-arg was given during small intestinal IR, serum NO concentration increased significantly in IR+L-arg group (162.17±42.93 μmol/L) when compared with IR group (87.57±23.17 μmol/L, t= 3.190, P = 0.008<0.01). Serum MDA reduced significantly in IR+L-arg group (8.93±1.50 nmol/L) when compared with SHAM(23.78±7.81 nmol/L, t = 3.243, P = 0.007<0.01) and IR (25.54±9.32 nmol/L, t = 3.421, P = 0.006<0.01).ET-1 level in lung tissues was significantly lower in IR+L-arg group (13.81±7.84 pg/mL) than that in SHAM(35.52±10.82 pg/mL, t = 2.571, P= 0.03<0.05) and IR(50.83±22.05 pg/mL, t = 3.025, P = 0.009<0.01) groups.MDA contents in lung tissues were significantly lower in IR+L-arg group (10.73±1.99 nmol/L) than in SHAM(16.62±2.28 nmol/L, t = 3.280, P = 0.007<0.01) and IR(21.90±4.82 nmol/L, t= 3.322, P= 0.007<0.01)groups.Serum and lung TNFα concentrations were not significantly different in three groups. NO contents in lung homogenates and white blood cell counts in BAL had no significant difference in three groups; but the percentage of PMNs in BAL was 13.50±8.92, 33.20±16.59, and 22.50±6.09 in SHAM, IR, and IR+L-arg groups, respectively.CONCLUSION: Small intestinal IR induced increases of pulmonary neutrophil infiltration in immature rats.Neutrophil infiltration in lung tissues was reduced by L-arg administration but remained higher than in SHAM group.L-arg administration during intestinal IR enhances serum NO production, reduces serum MDA and lung ET-1 and MDA levels, resulting in the improvement of systemic endothelial function. L-arg supplementation before reperfusion may act as a useful clinical adjunct in the management of intestinal IR, thus preventing the development of adult respiratory distress syndrome, even multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). | Ting-LiangFu Wen-TongZhang LanZhang FengWang YongGao MingXu | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，7： | 6 |
| 13 | Progress of Apple Rootstock Breeding and Its Use显示文摘Apple rootstock breeding has achieved great progress worldwide.In this review,we first summarize the rootstock breeding targets and utilization in main apple-producing countries.Furthermore,we discuss the focus and important research areas of apple rootstock breeding through five aspects:parent selection and setting of crosses,target genes and marker-assisted breeding,root configuration-guided breeding,apomictic resource utilization,and the application of genetic engineering.Finally,we propose an apple rootstock division plan for China,which has a large potential to provide guidance for apple rootstock breeding and utilization in different apple-producing areas of China. | Yi Wang Wei Li Xuefeng Xu Changpeng Qiu Ting Wu Qinping Wei Fengwang Ma Zhenhai Han | 2019 | Horticultural Plant Journal2019，5，5： | 6 |
| 14 | PbGA2ox8 induces vascular-related anthocyanin accumulation and contributes to red stripe formation on pear fruit显示文摘Fruit with stripes,which are generally longitudinal,can occur naturally,but the bioprocesses underlying this phenomenon are unclear.Previously,we observed an atypical anthocyanin distribution that caused red-striped fruit on the spontaneous pear bud sport“Red Zaosu”(Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.).In this study,comparative transcriptome analysis of the sport and wild-type“Zaosu”revealed that this atypical anthocyanin accumulation was tightly correlated with abnormal overexpression of the gene-encoding gibberellin(GA)2-beta-dioxygenase 8,PbGA2ox8.Consistently,decreased methylation was also observed in the promoter region of PbGA2ox8 from“Red Zaosu”compared with“Zaosu”.Moreover,the GA levels in“Red Zaosu”seedlings were lower than those in“Zaosu”seedlings,and the application of exogenous GA4 reduced abnormal anthocyanin accumulation in“Red Zaosu”.Transient overexpression of PbGA2ox8 reduced the GA4 level and caused anthocyanin accumulation in pear fruit skin.Moreover,the presence of red stripes indicated anthocyanin accumulation in the hypanthial epidermal layer near vascular branches(VBs)in“Red Zaosu”.Transient overexpression of PbGA2ox8 resulting from vacuum infiltration induced anthocyanin accumulation preferentially in calcium-enriched areas near the vascular bundles in pear leaves.We propose a fruit-striping mechanism,in which the abnormal overexpression of PbGA2ox8 in“Red Zaosu”induces the formation of a longitudinal array of anthocyanin stripes near vascular bundles in fruit. | Rui Zhai Zhigang Wang Chengquan Yang Kui Lin-Wang Richard Espley Jianlong Liu Xieyu Li Zhongying Wu Pengmin Li Qingmei Guan Fengwang Ma Lingfei Xu | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 5 |
| 15 | Regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis by MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 contributes to pathogen and drought resistance in apple显示文摘MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 have been demonstrated to be responsible for lignin accumulation in apple under drought stress.In this study,using a metabolomic approach,we identified differentially accumulated phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolites in MdMYB88/124 transgenic RNAi plants under control and long-term drought stress conditions in apple roots.We confirmed the regulation of phenylalanine by MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 via UPLC-MS in apple roots under both control and drought conditions.Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay(EMSA)and ChIPquantitative PCR(qPCR)analyses,we found that MdMYB88 positively regulates the MdCM2 gene,which is responsible for phenylalanine biosynthesis,through binding to its promoter region.Under long-term drought conditions,MdMYB88/124 RNAi plants consistently accumulated increased amounts of H2O2 and MDA,while MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 overexpression plants accumulated decreased amounts of H2O2 and MDA.We also examined the accumulation of metabolites in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway in the leaves of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 transgenic apple plants after long-term drought stress.We found that metabolites responsible for plant defense,including phenylpropanoids and flavonoids,accumulated less in the RNAi plants but more in the overexpression plants under both control and drought conditions.We further demonstrated that MdMYB88/124 RNAi plants were more sensitive to Alternaria alternata f.sp.mali and Valsa mali,two pathogens that currently severely threaten apple production.In contrast,MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 overexpression plants were more tolerant to these pathogens.The cumulative results of this study provided evidence for secondary metabolite regulation by MdMYB88 and MdMYB124,further explained the molecular roles of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 in drought resistance,and provided information concerning molecular aspects of their roles in disease resistance. | Dali Geng Xiaoxia Shen Yinpeng Xie Yusen Yang Ruiling Bian Yuqi Gao Pengmin Li Liying Sun Hao Feng Fengwang Ma Qingmei Guan | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 5 |
| 16 | Apple SERRATE negatively mediates drought resistance by regulating MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 and microRNA biogenesis显示文摘The function of serrate(SE)in miRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis is well elucidated,whereas its role in plant drought resistance is largely unknown.In this study,we report that MdSE acts as a negative regulator of apple(Malus×domestica)drought resistance by regulating the expression levels of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 and miRNAs,including mdm-miR156,mdm-miR166,mdm-miR172,mdm-miR319,and mdm-miR399.MdSE interacts with MdMYB88 and MdMYB124,two positive regulators of apple drought resistance.MdSE decreases the transcript and protein levels of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124,which directly regulate the expression of MdNCED3,a key enzyme in abscisic acid(ABA)biosynthesis.Furthermore,MdSE is enriched in the same region of the MdNECD3 promoter where MdMYB88/MdMYB124 binds.Consistently,MdSE RNAi transgenic plants are more sensitive to ABA-induced stomatal closure,whereas MdSE OE plants are less sensitive.In addition,under drought stress,MdSE is responsible for the biogenesis of mdm-miR399,a negative regulator of drought resistance,and negatively regulates miRNAs,including mdm-miR156,mdm-miR166,mdm-miR172,and mdm-miR319,which are positive regulators of drought resistance.Taken together,by revealing the negative role of MdSE,our results broaden our understanding of the apple drought response and provide a candidate gene for apple drought improvement through molecular breeding. | Xuewei Li Pengxiang Chen Yinpeng Xie Yan Yan Liping Wang Huan Dang Jing Zhang Lingfei Xu Fengwang Ma Qingmei Guan | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Linkage map and QTL mapping of red flesh locus in apple using a R1R1×R6R6 population显示文摘The red flesh in apple fruit is a desired trait by consumers and it is associated to the anthocyanin content,which is mainly controlled by MdMYB10 with a R6 promoter.In this study,a high-density linkage group was constructed using the‘Fuji’x‘Red3’population which contained homozygous alleles R1R1 and R6R6,respectively.The linkage group consists of 7630 SNPs along 17 linkage groups,spanning 2270.21 cM,with an average density of 0.30 cM permarker.The cyanidin-3-galactoside concentration was used as the phenotypic data in QTL analysis.Moreover,one QTL peak which was flaked by two markers,marker2187260 to marker2173766,with LOD scores of 4.49 was detected.This QTL ranged from 0 to 40.79 cM on the top of linkage group(LG16).In addition one candidate molecular marker(marker2175442)in this QTL was identified,which was significant correlated with the flesh cyanidin-3-galactoside concentration.These genetic findings enrich the breeding basis of fruit flesh coloration in apple. | Chengquan Yang Guangya Sha Tao Wei Baiquan Ma Cuiying Li Pengmin Li Yangjun Zou Lingfei Xu Fengwang Ma | 2021 | Horticultural Plant Journal2021，7，5： | 4 |
| 18 | Genome-wide identification,molecular evolution, and expression divergence of the hexokinase gene family in apple显示文摘Hexokinase(HXK)is the first irreversible catalytic enzyme in the glycolytic pathway,which not only provides energy for plant growth and development but also serves as a signaling molecule in response to environmental changes.However,the evolutionary pattern of the HXK gene family in apple remains unknown.In this study,a total of nine HXK genes were identified in the Malus×domestica genome GDDH13 v1.1.The physiological and biochemical properties,exonintron structures,conserved motifs,and cis-elements of the MdHXK genes were determined.Predicted subcellular localization indicated that the MdHXK genes were mainly distributed in the mitochondria,cytoplasm,and nucleus.Gene duplication revealed that whole-genome duplication(WGD)and segmental duplication played vital roles in MdHXK gene family expansion.Theωvalues of pairwise MdHXK genes indicated that this family was subjected to strong purifying selection during apple domestication.Additionally,five subfamilies were classified,and recent/old duplication events were identified based on phylogenetic tree analysis.Different evolutionary rates were estimated among the various HXK subfamilies.Moreover,divergent expression patterns of the MdHXK genes in four source-sink tissues and at five different apple fruit developmental stages indicated that they play vital roles in apple fruit development and sugar accumulation.Our study provides a theoretical basis for future elucidation of the biological functions of the MdHXK genes during apple fruit development. | ZHU Ling-cheng SU Jing JIN Yu-ru ZHAO Hai-yan TIAN Xiao-cheng ZHANG Chen MA Fengwang LI Ming-jun MA Bai-quan | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，8： | 2 |
| 19 | Mono- and Binuclear Cobalt(Ⅱ) Complexes Supported by Quinoline-2- imidate Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and 1,3-Butadiene Polymerization显示文摘A series of mono-and binuclear Co(II) complexes(Co1–Co7) supported by quinoline-2-imidate ligands were synthesized and thoroughly characterized.Measured by single crystal X-ray crystallography,complexes Co1 and Co3 adopted distorted tetrahedral structures around the cobalt center.Upon activation by ethylaluminium sesquichloride(EASC),these cobalt complexes exhibited high catalytic activity and cis-1,4-selectivity towards 1,3-butadiene polymerization.The effects of ligand environment,polymerization temperature,and cocatalyst types on the polymerization were investigated in detail.Interestingly,the binuclear Co(II) complexes exhibited high thermal stability,and the polymer yields were up to 97.2% even at a high temperature of 70 °C. | Heng Liu Rui Zhuang Bo Dong FengWang Yan-Ming Hu Xue-Quan Zhang | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2018，36，8： | 2 |
| 20 | Silencing MdGH3-2/12 in apple reduces drought resistance by regulating AM colonization显示文摘Drought leads to reductions in plant growth and crop yields.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF),which form symbioses with the roots of the most important crop species,alleviate drought stress in plants.In the present work,we identified 14 GH3 genes in apple(Malus domestica)and provided evidence that MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 play important roles during AM symbiosis.The expression of both MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 was upregulated during mycorrhization,and the silencing of MdGH3-2/12 had a negative impact on AM colonization.MdGH3-2/12 silencing resulted in the downregulation of five genes involved in strigolactone synthesis,and there was a corresponding change in root strigolactone content.Furthermore,we observed lower root dry weights in RNAi lines under AM inoculation conditions.Mycorrhizal transgenic plants showed greater sensitivity to drought stress than WT,as indicated by their higher relative electrolytic leakage and lower relative water contents,osmotic adjustment ability,ROS scavenging ability,photosynthetic capacity,chlorophyll fluorescence values,and abscisic acid contents.Taken together,these data demonstrate that MdGH3-2/12 plays an important role in AM symbiosis and drought stress tolerance in apple. | Dong Huang Qian Wang Zhijun Zhang Guangquan Jing Mengnan Ma Fengwang Ma Chao Li | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 2 |
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